Big Idea 8: Properties of Matter
SC.4.P.8.2 – Identify properties and common uses of
water in each of its states.
Department of Mathematics and Science
Office of Academics and Transformation
OBJECTIVES
• Recognize and identify the properties of
water and it’s common uses.
• Understand phase changes as they relate to
water.
Water, Water Everywhere!
What do you know about water?
What are some common uses of water?
What are Common Uses of Water?
Liquid State of Water
What are Common Uses of Water?
Solid State of Water
What are Common Uses of Water?
Gas State of Water
WHERE DO WE FIND WATER?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Oceans
Lakes
Rivers
Wetlands
Icecaps
Clouds
Soil
Between rock layers underground
EARTH’S WATER MAKES UP THE HYDROSPERE
• All the liquid water and ice on Earth’s Surface
• Liquid water in the ground
• Water vapor in the atmosphere
Observing Drops of Water
1. Use an eye dropper to place a single drop of water
on a ordinary paper.
What happens?
Why?
2. Place a single drop of water on waxed paper?
What happens?
Why?
3. Add another drop of water on the wax paper. Use a
toothpick to pull the two drops together. What happens?
Then try to pull a drop out. What happens? Why?
What did you learn about water drops?
• Water as a liquid is sticky and elastic.
• Water tends to clump together in drops rather than spread
out in a thin film.
Division of Academics - Department of Science
Experiment: How many drops of water can
fit on a penny?
• Materials – penny, eyedropper, water
• Predict how many drops of water will fit on a
penny. Record.
• Then start to add one drop at a time to the
top of the penny. Record.
• Did your data support your prediction?
• Were you surprised to see how many
drops fit on the penny?.
Division of Academics - Department of Science
What are the three
States of Water?
• Liquid
• Solid
• Gas
What makes water change state?
Liquid water changes to steam or water vapor, a
gas, when it is heated to its boiling point.
From a Liquid to a
Gas.
Water vapor is the gas state of water.
Office of Academics - Department of Science
What makes water change state?
When you add heat to ice it
changes to a liquid. It melts.
From a Solid to a Liquid.
Ice is the solid state of water.
Office of Academics - Department of Science
What makes water change state?
From a Gas back to a Liquid.
When you cool water
vapor, it changes to a
liquid. It condenses.
If heat energy DECREASES, a gas turns
back into a liquid.
What makes water change state?
From a Liquid to a Solid.
When you cool liquid water, it
changes into ice, a solid. It
freezes.
If heat energy continues to DECREASES, a
liquid turns back into a solid.
Changing States of Water
• Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius, 212 degrees
Fahrenheit
• Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius, 32 degrees
Fahrenheit
• http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_chemphys.html
Observing Ice in Water
(Record observations in your notebook.)
Create a Data Chart: Adding Ice in Water
Fill a cup with halfway full with water.
Take the water’s temperature and record.
Add an ice cube to a cup of water. Observe.
What does the ice do in the water? Record your
observations.
6. After 2 minutes, take the temperature again and record.
Repeat after 5 min. Record. After 10 min. Record.
7. Compare the temperature recorded at each of the
interval times. What did you observe?
8. What happened
to the ice?
Division of Academics - Department of Science
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Data Chart : Adding Ice in Water
+
Time
Degrees in Celsius
Degrees in Fahrenheit
Starting
After 2 minutes
After 5 minutes
After 10 minutes
Conclusion:
Division of Academics - Department of Science
What did you observe about
WATER as a SOLID - ICE?
• Water as a solid (ice) floats in liquid water.
• The ice lowers the temperature of the water
when added.
Division of Academics - Department of Science
Properties of Water
• Water is unique in that it is the only natural substance that is
found in all three states -- liquid, solid (ice), and gas (steam) on
Earth.
• Water as a liquid is sticky and elastic, and tends to clump
together in drops rather than spread out in a thin film.
• Water as a solid (ice) is less dense than liquid water and floats on
it.
• Water changes state when enough heat or thermal energy is
added to it or removed from it.
• Water changing one from state to another is an example of a
physical change.
• Water freezes at 32o Fahrenheit (F) and 0o on the Celsius scale.
• Water boils at 212o F and 100o on the Celsius scale.