Lesson 2
Input, Output, and Processing
Computer Literacy
BASICS: A
Comprehensive Guide
to IC3, 4th Edition
1
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Lesson 2
Skip to Slide 3
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Input and Output Devices
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Input Device: Enables someone to enter data
and commands into a computer.
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Keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc.
Output Device: Enables the computer to give
you the results of the processed data.
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Monitor, projector, printer, etc.
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Standard Input Devices
Lesson 2
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Modem:
- A modem is a device that allows one computer to
talk to another.
- Considered an Input and Output device due to its
functions.
Keyboards:
- The keyboard is the most commonly used input
device for entering text and numbers into a
computer.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
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Keyboards
(continued):
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Ergonomic
Cordless/wireless
Specialized
Security
Foldable/flexible
Laser/Virtual
NIK (Nearly
Indestructible Keyboard)
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Standard Input Devices
(continued)
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Keyboards (continued):
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Ergonomic: more natural/comfortable hand,
wrist, and arm positions.
Cordless/Wireless: battery-powered that
transmits data using wireless technology.
Specialized: specialized keys that represent
items (Ex. Fast Food keyboards)
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Standard Input Devices
(continued)
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Keyboards (continued):
Lesson 2
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Security: provides security features such as
biometric finger-print reader, magnetic stripe, and
smart card readers.
Foldable/Flexible: easily transported, soft, and
water resistant. Used with mobile devices.
Laser virtual: a laser beam generates a full-size
keyboard. Used with computers, phones, and
tablets.
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Standard Input Devices
(continued)

Keyboards (continued):
NIK (Nearly Indestructible Keyboard): flexible and
can be washed with soap or with spray cleaner.
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Ergonomic Keyboard
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Lesson 2
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Pointing Devices:
o A pointing device is an input device you use to
position the pointer on the screen.
o The most common pointing device for
personal computers is the mouse.
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Mechanical
Optomechanical
Optical
Wireless
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Trackball mouse
Radio frequency
Foldable mouse
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Lesson 2
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Lesson 2
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Pointing Devices (continued):
- The trackball works like a mouse turned
upside down; the ball is on top of the
device.
- A common feature on laptop computers is
the touchpad, with a specialized surface
that can convert the motion and position of
your fingers to a relative position on screen.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
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Pointing Devices (continued):
-Commonly known items regarding a mouse:
 The left button is used for most
operations.
 Most mice have 3 buttons.
 The right button is used to display
shortcut menu options.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
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Pointing Devices (continued):
-Commonly known items regarding a mouse:
Sensors determine the direction and distance on a
mechanical mouse.
 Lasers detect an optical mouse’s movement.
 A wireless mouse uses infrared waves to
communicate with the computer.
 A mouse can be used to select text or portions of
text by dragging the mouse pointer over the text.
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Standard Input Devices (continued)
Pointing Devices (continued):
- Some notebook computers contain a pointing
stick, a pressure-sensitive device that looks
like a pencil eraser and is located on the
keyboard, generally between the G, H, and B
keys.
- Audio input is sound entered into a computer.
Lesson 2
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***QUICK RECAP***

What is an input device?
Lesson 2
A device that enables someone to enter data and
commands into a computer.

This type of keyboard can be washed with soap
or spray cleaner?
NIK (Nearly Indestructible Keyboard)
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Standard Output Devices
Monitors:
- Desktop computers typically use a monitor as their
display device, including CRT, LCD, and gas
plasma.
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Standard Output Devices
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Monitors:
- CRT (Cathode Ray Tube): older type of monitor
that is similar to older types of TVs. Obsolete now
due to flat-panel monitors.
- LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): produces an image
by manipulating light within a layer of liquid crystal
cells.
- Gas Plasma: consists of tiny amount of gas that is
activated by electrical charge.
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Standard Output Devices
(continued)
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Printers:
Printers produce a paper copy, or hard copy, of
processing results.
- Features of printers: Speed, Print Quality, and Price
- A laser printer produces high-quality output and images
similar to copy machines.
- An inkjet printer provides good-quality color printing for
less expense. Sprays ink onto paper.
- A Dot-Matrix printer strikes a ribbon with pins to transfer
ink onto paper and are seldom used today.
Lesson 2
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Standard Output Devices
(continued)
Printer Classifications
– Impact: actually strikes the paper to form letters
and images. (Ex. Dot matrix – mostly obsolete)
– Nonimpact: form characters without striking the
paper. (Ex. Inkjet and laser printers)
• Speakers
- Generate sound from speaking or music.
- Headsets or headphones for privacy.
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Lesson 2
***Quick Recap***
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This type of monitor produces an image by
manipulating light within a layer of liquid crystal
cells.
LCD
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This type of printer squirts ink as it passes over
a media.
Inkjet printer
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Specialized Input Devices
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Digital Cameras:
The pictures you take are stored digitally and
then transferred to the computer’s memory.
Uses a variety of storage media: flash
memory cards, USB keys, memory sticks,
mini-discs and other solid-state storage
devices.
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Lesson 2
Specialized Input Devices
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Digital Cameras (continued):
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Video input is a set of full-motion images captured
with a video camera.
- Storage media for video input devices are hard
drive, CD, DVD.
Webcams are video-capturing cameras connected to
computers.
- Can also display images through the World Wide
Web.
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Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
Game Controllers:
- You use joysticks and wheels most often for
games.
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Specialized Input Devices
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Scanners/Bar Code Readers:
- Scanners are devices that can change images into
codes for input to the computer.
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Image scanners: convert images into electric form
that you can store in your computer’s memory.
Bar code scanners: reads bar lines that are printed
on objects.
Magnetic scanners: read encoded information on
credit cards.
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Specialized Input Devices
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Scanners/Bar Code Readers (continued):
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Lesson 2
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Wireless scanners: use Bluetooth technology to
scan barcode data.
Optical character recognition (OCR) and
optical mark recognition (OMR) scanners: use
a light source to read characters, marks and
codes; then converted back into digital format.
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Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
Touch Display
Screen:
- A special screen that
reacts to direct
touches within the
display area, usually
from a person’s
finger or hand.
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Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
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Stylus:
- A stylus and digital
pen are pen-like
writing instruments
used to enter
information by writing
on a screen on a
mobile device or using
the pen as a pointer.
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Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
Environmental Probes and Sensors:
- Workers can view information such as the
temperature and humidity of a remote
environment, smoke detector readings, and
pollution control readings.
 Remote Controls:
- Used to manage devices such as televisions,
lights, and fans.
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Lesson 2
Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
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
Security Devices:
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Biometrics is an authentication technique using
automated methods of recognizing a person based
on a physiological or behavioral characteristic.
- Used for security purposes.
- Commonly based on finger prints, face,
handwriting or voice.
- Less common uses: retina/iris scan, or hand
geometry.
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Lesson 2
Skip to slide 31
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Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
Virtual Devices:
- Use the synchronized positioning of light-emitting
and sensing devices to detect user input.
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Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
Touch-Sensitive Pads:
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On a portable device, enables you to scroll through a
list, adjust the volume, play music, view videos or
pictures, and customize settings.
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Lesson 2
Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
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Input Devices for the Physically Challenged:
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A variety of special input devices are available for
the physically challenged.
- Keyboards that can be operated by a single hand
or feet.
- Joystick computer mouse that uses lips, chin, or
tongue.
- Human Computer Interface that uses eye control
to move a pointer and make selections.
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Specialized Input Devices
(continued)
Lesson 2
Skip to slide 35.
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***QUICK RECAP***
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This type of scanner reads bar lines that are
printed on objects.
Lesson 2
Barcode scanners
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This technique uses methods for recognizing a
person based on finger prints and voice?
biometrics
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Specialized Output Devices
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Specialized Output Devices:
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Lesson 2
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Projectors
Fax machines and fax modems
Multifunction printer
Control devices/robots
Specialized Printers:
Thermal
– Mobile
– Label and postage
– Plotters/large-format
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CLB: A Comp Guide to IC3 4E
Specialized Output Devices
(continued)
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Output Devices for
the Physically
Challenged:
Lesson 2
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Screen magnifiers
Screen readers
Voice synthesizers
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Connecting Input and Output
Devices to a Computer
Ports and Connectors:
- A port, also called a jack, is an interface to which a
peripheral device attaches to or communicates with the
system unit or other peripheral devices.
- A Universal Serial Bus (USB) port can connect up to 127
peripheral devices with a single connector and transfer
data at rates of up to 200 million bits per second (Mbps).
- Plug and play refers to the ability of a computer system to
configure expansion boards and other devices
automatically.
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Connecting Input and Output
Devices to a Computer (continued)
Ports and Connectors (continued):
- FireWire: supports data transfers up to 400 Mbps and can
connect up to 63 external devices.
- Special-purpose ports:
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SCSI: standard interface for connecting peripherals such as
hard drives and printers.
IrDA: a wireless standard that allows data to be transferred
between devices using infrared light instead of cables.
Bluetooth: uses radio waves between voice and mobile
devices.
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Connecting Input and Output
Devices to a Computer (continued)
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Ports and Connectors (continued):
- Expansion slots are openings on the motherboard
where an expansion board can be inserted.
Expansion boards are also called adapter cards,
expansion cards, add-ins, etc.
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Connecting Input and Output
Devices to a Computer (continued)
Hardware Installation:
- For most hardware devices to work, they
need a set of instructions that communicates
with the computer’s operating system. This
set of instructions is called a driver.
- If the device does not come with a driver, you
must download and install the driver
manually.
Lesson 2
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***QUICK RECAP***

Name (1) type of output device for the physically
challenged.
Lesson 2
Screen magnifier, screen reader, voice synthesizer

This type of port can connect up to 127
peripheral devices with a single connector.
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
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Considering Computer
Performance Factors
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A variety of factors can affect a computer’s
performance.
Lesson 2
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Microprocessor: The higher the generation, the
faster and better the processing speed.
Random Access Memory (RAM): Helps to speed
up the processing cycle.
Hard disk: The bigger and faster the hard drive,
the faster it can process data.
Video: Need adequate video memory.
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Computer Viruses
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Can cause tremendous damage to your computer
files.
A program that spreads from one computer to
another and interferes with the computers’ operation.
Can be stored on a computer for weeks or months
and may not cause damage.
Spread by email attachments or downloaded files.
Not all viruses cause damage; could be a prank.
Install anti-virus software to protect yourself.
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