Journal of Educational Graduate studies Research
http://ednet.kku.ac.th/edujournal/?cat=1
ภาวะผู้นาที่ส่งผลต่ อองค์การที่มีสมรรถนะสู งของสถานศึกษาในสั งกัดสานักงานเขตพืน้ ที่การศึกษามัธยมศึกษา เขต 27
Leadership Styles Affecting High Performance Organization of School under The Office
of Secondary Educational Service Area 27
บุญชู สุ นธงศิริ1) และ ดร. เสาวนี สิริสุขศิลป์ 2)
Boonchoo suntongsiri1) and Saowanee Sirisooksilp 2)
1)
สาขาวิชาการบริ หารการศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น
Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational, Khon kaen University
2)
ผูช้ ่วยศาสตราจารย์ สาขาวิชาการบริ หารการศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational,
Khon kaen University
Corresponding author. Tel: Mobile+66 (0)8-4742-6985
E-mail address: Boonchoo_s@ kkumail.com
บทนา
Introduction
The national Education Act 1999, and Revised Issue (the 3rd Ed) 2010, Section 6, specified
the standard and Educational Quality Assurance. In addition, the Office of Thai Official
System Development established the strategic plan for Thai Official System Development
(2013-2018) aimed for public sector to work with quality as High Performance Organization.
Therefore, the Office of Basic Education Commission establish the policy of action plan into
practice Area by establishing the Universal Standard School Project, Pilot School, Good Subdistrict School for being High Performance School. According to the policy, The Office of
Secondary Educational Service Area 27, transformed policy into practice. Bit, the condition
of work implementation in the present, The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27
found that the efficiency of school administration and management didn’t accomplish goal of
National Education Act especially in small sized school management, most of them lacked of
efficiency. (The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, 2013)
According to the policy of expectancy and implementation findings, the researcher
was interested in studying the High Performance Organization of school precisely in order to
find the guideline for solving the problem accurately by studying the principle, rationale, and
factors of the High Performance Organization from Pasu Decharin & Chaiwat Hareutaipan
(2012), Wallapha Arirat (2012), Tawanlak Puangnin (2002), concluded that the High
Performance Organization consisted of competency in creating the high efficient
performance, adjusting oneself with the changing, and maintaining the intelligent staffs.
Then, the researcher administered the Organizational Theory, Classic Age Administration,
Behavioral Science Management, Quantitative Management as foundation of the study
including Kaplan & Norton (2001) ro explain the meanings of each factor of competency. It
could be concluded that the High Performance Organization was the organization for
developing human beings to obtain knowledge as well as ne able to apply n working
systematically, and to create the efficient and effective performance leading to Best Practice.
When the knowledge management was occurred, Tacit Knowledge into Explicit Knowledge
could be changed its status with each other throughout the time depended on situation to
cause new knowledge through process called Knowledge spiral (Nonaka. 1991) When the
organization set more goal, the members in organization had to search for supplementary
knowledge in activity participation. The work cycle would be happened as life cycle of
organization with growth. The organization was collected more knowledge and experience.
As a result, the organization would be High Performance including its competency in survival
as well as success which was desirable by every organization.
According to the above reasons. The researcher was interested in studying the
Leadership Style affecting High Performance Organization in School under The Office of
Secondary Educational Service Area 27 so that the research findings would be model for
being used by school administrators in developing their school to be High Performance
Organization as well as Thai Education to be progress further.
Research Objectives
1. To study the Leadership Style and
High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational
Service Area 27.
1. To study the Relationship between Leadership Style and
High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational
Service Area 27.
3. To study the Leadership Style and
High Performance Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational
Service Area 27.
Research Implementation
1. Population, the population
using in this study were the school administrators and teachers in school under jurisdiction of
The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, 2013 academic year, including 162
school administrators and 2,743 teachers, total of 2,905 persons.
2. Samples, the sample size was
determined by Krejcie and Morgan’ Table at reliability 95%. The samples consisted of 456
school administrators and teachers, selected by Multi-stage Random Sampling in include the
samples as representatives as 118 school administrators, and 338 teachers, total of 456
persons.
3. Research Design, this study
was Correlational Research to study the Leadership Style affecting the High Performance
Organization of School under The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27.
4. Research instruments
The research instruments for
data collection was the Questionnaire constructed based on objective, documentary analysis
of related research literature and conceptual framework classifying into 3 Parts. Part 1,
included the respondents’ demographic data. Part 2, included the questionnaire asking the
school administrators’ Leadership Style. Part 3, included the Questionnaire asking the High
Competency Organization of School.
The instrument validation
1. Validation of Questionnaire was
performed by presenting the Questionnaire to 5 experts for being investigated its validity,
found that the IOC of Questionnaire ranged between 0.60-1.00. The IOC of total issue of
Questionnaire, was = 0.98.
2. Reliability Checking of
Questionnaire, the researcher tried out 30 issues of the Questionnaire with validation and
improvement as multiple choice based on recommendation by the advisor and experts, with
the school administrators and teachers who were not samples in order to find Reliability of
instruments. The Reliability value of Questionnaire were as follows: 1) the Leadership
Style = 0.90, and 2) the High Performance Organization, its Reliability value was = 0.90.
5. Data Analysis
1. The respondents’
demographic data were tallied the Frequency, and Percentage.
2. The Leadership Style, and
High Performance Organization were studied by using the statistic as the Mean, and Standard
Deviation.
3. The Relationship between
Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization were studied by using the statistic as
the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient.
4. The Leadership Style
affecting High Performance Organization were studied by analyzing the Stepwise Multiple
Regression Analysis.
Conclusions and discussions of research findings
1. Conclusions of research findings
1.1 The school administrators’
Leadership Style, in overall, was in “High” level. Considering each aspect, found that there
was the highest level of average value of Supportive Leadership. On the contrary, the aspect
with lowest level of average value, was the Reward and Punishment Leadership Style.
1.2 The High Performance
Organization of school, found that in overall, was in “High” level. Considering each aspect,
found that the aspect with highest level of average value, was the competency in creating
High Efficiency. On the contrary, the aspect with lowest level of average value, was the
competency in maintaining the intelligent staffs.
2. Relationship between the
Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization, found that there was positive
relationship between Correlation Coefficient value between Leadership Style, and High
Performance Organization of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary
Educational Service Area 27, in all of 5 Styles, at 0.05 significant level.
3. The Leadership Style affecting
High Performance Organization, found that all of 5 Leadership Styles: 1) the Directive
Leadership, 2) the Charismatic Leadership, 3) the Participoatory Leadership, 4) the Reward
and Punishment Leadership, and 5) the Supportive Leadership, the Multiple Correlation
Coefficient was = 0.93. In addition, it jointly predicted the High Performance Organization
of school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, for
87.6%. (R2 = 0.87 )
2.Discussions
1. The Leadership Style of school under
jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, in overall, the average
value was in “High” level. It was found that the highest average value, was the Leadership
with supportive behavior in promoting every staff in work practice fairly. They were
friendly with every staff, and could be easily approached. They paid their attention to the
staffs’ livelihood based on appropriateness. They responded the staffs’ needs appropriately.
They enhance d the development of good climate in school work practice, respected and
recognized each staff’ s dignity. They helped and develop the staffs’ profession in school. It
was congruent with Daft’s (1999) presentation in new authentic context for leaders, in one
section that “from former vision using the Control into new paradigm using the
Empowerment as new phenomenon of present world. It was a technique to construct the
Organization brain power by supporting every one in organization to participate and commit.
So, the success was based on every one’s intelligence from work practice.
2.The High Performance Organization in school under jurisdiction of The Office of
Secondary Educational Service Area 27, in overall, the average value was in “High” level. It
was found that the highest level of average value, was the competency in creating High
Performance indicated that the High Performance Organization had to work systematically
including: the determination of strategy, the strategy into practice, and the following up of
strategy. It was congruent with Theory of Classic Organizational Management, and
Classification based on Management Principle. Henri Fayol (cited in Saowanee Triputarat,
2012) classified the duty of management into 5 issues: 1) Planning, 2) Organizing, 3)
Communicating, 4) Coordinating, and 5) Controlling. Kaplan & Norton (2001) studied the
guidelines for practice of Efficient Organization by integrating into 5 major principles caused
the organization to focus on strategy as: the leaders had to move and change the organization
into concrete form, the development of organization to be relevant and associate with
strategy, the development of motivation for every one in seeing the importance as well as
practice following the strategy, and the care for strategic management to be continuous
process. Furthermore, Pasu Decharin & Chaiwat Hareutaipan (2010) presented that the
development of official work units into High Performance Organization, was an important
instrument for moving included 3 major components as: the determination of strategy, the
transformation of strategy into practice, an the following up and implementation according to
strategy.
3. Relationship between the Leadership Style, and High Performance Organization of
school under jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational service Area 27, found that
there was relationship between all of 5 Leadership Styles, and the High Performance
Organization very much. The relationship of studied variables, was the Linear Correlation.
It was congruent with House and Mitchell’ (1974) suggestions that the leaders might express
a kind of behavior with their sub-ordinates differently. The leaders should adjust their
leadership style to be relevant to the situation and need as their followers’ motivation.
4. Leadership Style affecting High Performance Organization of school under
jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational service Area 27, from the study found
that all of 5 Leadership Styles could jointly predicted the High Competency Organization
with positive relationship between Regression Coefficient or Predicted Power with High
Performance Organization. It was supported by Black & Milton’ (1980) Theory that the
effective leaders were not only interested in Human beings and Work Oriented, but also the
leaders with behavioral pattern reflecting their concern in both of human beings as well as
work, and could select the appropriate leadership behavior with time and situation.
Recommendations
1. Recommendations from research study
2. According to research findings,
found that the Leadership Style of school administrators under jurisdiction of The Office of
Secondary Educational Service Area 27, the lowest level of average value, was the Reward
and Punishment Leadership Style. Therefore, the administrators should provide benefit as
intrinsic motivator when the teachers completed their work, for instance, reward providing as
money etc. In addition, the administrators should specify rule and regulation for rewarding or
punishment regarding to the behavior or performance which did not accomplish goal of work
unts.
2.According to the research findings
found that the High Performance of Organization of school under jurisdiction of The Office
of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, the aspect with lowest level of average value, was
the competency in maintaining the intelligent staffs. So, the school should use the findings of
evaluation in staffs’ work practice relating to work performance based on different rules and
techniques without any kinds of bias, and administer discipline for controlling the staffs’
work practice by measuring work success as well as the work practitioners’ behavior within
specified duration.
1. According to the research findings,
found that the Leadership Style affected High Performance Organization school under
jurisdiction of The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27, in all of 5 Styles. So,
The Office of Secondary Educational Service Area 27 should provide training, conference,
and seminar for developing the school administrators’ leadership by focusing on the Directive
Leadership, Charismatic Leadership, Participatory Leadership, Rewarding and Punishment
Leadership, and Supportive Leadership respectively. Furthermore, the administrators should
be encouraged to use their leadership relevant to situation appropriately.
2.Recommendations for future research
1. The Leadership Style affecting
the High Performance Organization in each aspect, should be conducted in order to know that
which Leadership Style would affect the High Performance Organization precisely so that
the administrators would be able to select the Leadership correctly and accuracy.
1. The Leadership affecting the High
Performance Organization should be studied by comparing the school size so that the Office
of Secondary Educational Service Area, would use as information for determining the policy
of leadership development as well as school development suitable for school size.
2. The research study of school
administrators’ Leadership Development for enhancing the High Performance Organization
of school should be conducted.
.
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