Ribosome
• Function(s)
– Creates proteins for cell functions
• Real-world comparison
– Factories; Machine shops
• Composition
– Protein and RNA
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
2.
Made by nucleolus in the nucleus
Send proteins to Golgi apparatus
to be modified
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
• Function(s)
– Makes phospholipids and other
lipids
• Real-world comparison
– Highway/roads; Assembly line
• Composition
– Phospholipids
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
Sends lipids to be modified by
the Golgi apparatus
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
• Function(s)
– Makes proteins (because it is
covered in ribosomes) and lipids
• Real-world comparison
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
– Assembly line; Highway/roads
• Composition
– Phospholipids and proteins
2.
Creates proteins due to
ribosomes on it
Sends proteins and lipids to be
modified by Golgi apparatus
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Golgi Apparatus
• Function(s)
– Modifies materials send from ER
– Sends them off to a final location
(“address labels”)
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
• Real-world comparison
– Mailmen; Post office
• Composition
– Phospholipids
2.
Receives vesicles from the ER to
modify contents
Vesicles deliver contents
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Lysosome
• Function(s)
• Example of how it works
together with another
– Breaks down/eats/recycles
materials (Ex: macromolecules, old
organelle
organelles, pathogens - contains
digestive enzymes)
– Removes waste
– Reuses old materials
• Real-world comparison
– Garbage disposal; Recycling center;
Garbage men
• Composition
– Phospholipids
1.
2.
Carries waste to plasma
membrane to be removed
Digests old organelles
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both (ALL animals; few plants)
• Organelle picture
Vesicle
• Function(s)
• Example of how it works
together with another
– Carries substances to and from cell
membrane (transport and delivery)
organelle
• Real-world comparison
1. Carries materials to the plasma
– Vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.)
• Composition
– Phospholipids
2.
3.
membrane
Buds off of SER or RER to go the
Golgi apparatus
Buds off of Golgi apparatus to go
elsewhere
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Nucleus
• Function(s)
– Controls the actions of the rest of
the cell (directions from DNA)
– Makes ribosomes (Nucleolus)
– Allows ribosomes and RNA to go
into cytoplasm (Nuclear pores +
envelope)
• Real-world comparison
– Town/city hall; Principal; Brain
• Composition
– DNA, RNA, and proteins
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
2.
Creates ribosomes and sends
them into cytoplasm
Tells ribosomes what proteins to
make
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Peroxisome
• Function(s)
– Breaks down H2O2 into water and
oxygen
– Breaks down fatty acids
• Real-world comparison
– Water treatment or Detoxifying
plant
• Composition
– Phospholipids
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
Brings materials out of the cell
through the plasma membrane
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Cell Wall
• Function(s)
– Strong and rigid support and
protection for the cell
– Keeps cell’s exact shape
– Does not let much into/out of the
cell
• Real-world comparison
– Brick wall; City wall
• Composition
– Cellulose (+ other carbs)
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
– Protects cell with the plasma
membrane
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Plant cells
• Organelle picture
Plasma (Cell) Membrane
• Function(s)
• Example of how it works
together with another
– Provides shape and stability for the
cell
organelle
– Protects the cell from damage
– Allows some substances in and out
of the cell
• Real-world comparison
– Door; window; City border
• Composition
– Phospholipids
1.
Accepts and removes vesicles to
let materials out of and into the
cell
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Cytoplasm
• Function(s)
– Keeps organelles in place
– Keeps cell structures stable
• Real-world comparison
– Jell-O mold/fruitcake; Lawn
• Composition
– Water and cell nutrients (proteins,
etc.)
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
– Works with cytoskeleton to keep
cell shape and structure
– Holds other organelles in place
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Cytoskeleton
• Function(s)
– Keeps cell shape and internal
structures in place
– Base for cilia and flagella
(microtubules)
– Makes up centrioles for cell
division (microtubules)
• Real-world comparison
– Building support beams
• Composition
– protein
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
2.
Keeps organelles in place with
cytoplasm
Keeps cell shape with the cell
membrane
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both (general cytoskeleton)
– Animal cells ONLY (centrioles)
• Organelle picture
Central Vacuole
• Function(s)
– Stores nutrients and water
• Real-world comparison
– Storage warehouse
• Composition
– Phospholipids
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
2.
Stores materials brought by
lysosomes and vesicles
Allows vesicles to bud off to bring
material elsewhere
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Plant cells
• Organelle picture
Mitochondria
• Function(s)
– Performs cellular respiration
– Breaks down food into energy
(ATP)
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
• Real-world comparison
– Farms; Power plant
• Composition
– Proteins, carbs, phospholipids
2.
Creates energy used for other
organelle functions
Takes food made by chloroplasts
to break down into energy
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Both
• Organelle picture
Chloroplasts
• Function(s)
– Performs photosynthesis
– Makes food for the cell
• Real-world comparison
– Windmill; Solar panel
• Composition
– Proteins, carbs, phospholipids
• Example of how it works
together with another
organelle
1.
Creates food to be broken down
by the mitochondria into energy
• Found in plant cells, animal
cells, or both?
– Plant cells
• Organelle picture
Organelle Amounts
• Stomach cells
– More lysosomes
• Sperm cells
– More mitochondria
• White blood cells
– More lysosomes
• Muscle cells
– More mitochondria
• Adipose (fat) cells
– More vacuoles
• Leaves
– More chloroplasts
• Pancreatic cells
– More rough endoplasmic
reticulum (for enzymes)
– More Golgi apparatus (for
enzymes)
• Nerve cells
– More mitochondria
• Red blood cells
– Lack a nucleus
Cell organelle videos
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JBLPPAXbGA (cell organelle wrap up
rap)
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cj8dDTHGJBY (Crash Course – Animal
Cells)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9UvlqAVCoqY (Crash Course - Plant
Cells)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z9pqST72is (Bozeman Science)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hmwvj9X4GNY (Khan Academy)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zafJKbMPA8 (Cell parts rap)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS2Zg (Mr. W’s cell song)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KzMviiBoRtA (The Cell Song)
Mahalodotcom organelle videos
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtDm2OKIK1k (plasma
membrane)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tdGjorwuEDw
(mitochondria)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPJ0ABNsLuw
(cytoskeleton)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=764CnMID98Y
(endoplasmic reticulum)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=55gFY7YfUHM (nucleus)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OLiDwjj_Bo (ribosome)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOrmMMw5O2M (Golgi
apparatus)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8_G9olr2fA
(chloroplast)