Maisha ya RFE
A Newsletter of the Rapid Funding Envelope for HIV and AIDS in Tanzania
No. 27 - May 2014
Radio helps CSOs reach 900,000 people
Close to 900,000 people were reached through interventions implemented
by Round 10 Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) between January-March
2014 in HIV prevention to key populations, Gender-Based Violence (GBV)
and Most Vulnerable Children (MVC/OVC) projects. Messages carried out
by radio stations played a significant role in reaching to intended project
beneficiaries and the general population.
422,039 people (198,394 male and 223,645 female) aged 15-23 and were
also reached with HIV prevention messages and 280,537 (131,824 male
and 148,713 female) of age 24 and above were reached with HIV
prevention messages.
Artists at Nyagasensa village in Serengeti
reaching the public with messages on GBV
awareness-“Girls not for sale through
dowry but to school”
More than 10,900 male condoms were distributed by sub- grantees to end
Users in this quarter while female condoms were unavailable in most of
the project areas
During the period, 322 (288 male and 34 female) intravenous drug users
were reached through outreach services which involved counseling, HIV
testing and reference to Sober houses in the case of Unguja in Zanzibar
and also linking them with health centres and clinics for further, compared
to 253 (234 male and 19 female) between October-December 2013.
The number of sex workers and bar and hotel workers reached through
behavior change messages and condoms were 254, compared to 241 in
the last quarter of 2013.
Traditional dance are used to sensitize diehard traditionalists not to marry young girls
or undertake FGM
The number of people with disabilities reached in this quarter were 116
(60 male and 56 female), a fall from 118 (61 male and 56 female) in the
last quarter.
The reporting period saw 1,200 eligible MVCs being identified for a
minimum of one core package like food, nutrition, education and
vocational skills. In the last quarter 425 were reached with one core
package.
BOCAR intervention on Leadership
Development was conducted to 14 staff of
ELCT Mara in the second week of April
and observed by USAID’s officer Gene
PEUSE, HIV & AIDS, Public-Private
Partnership, fourth seated from the left
hand side of the standing Nyantito
MACHOTA, (standing)
B
Those reached by peer educators, drama and other community-led
interventions to reduce GBV cases rose to 169, 121 from 3, 296 reported in
the last report.
Networks cement ties among
themselves and stakeholders
In a move aimed at strengthening networking among HIV
stakeholders, 9 networks supported by BOCAR and other
stakeholders including TACAIDS, ZAC and Tanzania AIDS
Forum (TAF), met in Morogoro during the collaborative
meeting. (continues on page 3)
Networks collaboration meeting was
held in Morogoro
(From page xxx)
During the meeting organized by USAID-funded BOCAR,
networks shared their experiences on the different challenges
they are facing.
With the help of different exercises they realized that, as
networks build relationships with different stakeholders, there
Participants from 9 networks, TACAIDS and ZAC explore issues during the
collaborative meeting in Morogoro
are a lot of unconscious movements that go on and are not
captured hence the need to manage them to make networks or
collaboration among networks effective and sustainable.
Ultimately all the networks identified and developed actions
plans to strengthen their collaboration among themselves and
with stakeholders.
UNGO Board oriented on the role of good governance
Meanwhile, during the reporting period, 12 members of the
Board of Directors of the union of Non-Governmental
Organizations (UNGO) in Morogoro region attended a training
to raise awareness about the role of governance in guiding the
organization towards meeting its stated vision and mission.
Themes covered during the meeting included clarifying the
networks’ purpose, Governance roles, and leadership values
and practices that sustain collaboration and team -building
exercises.
UNGO board members committed to reinforce UNGO policies
and Conflict Resolution policies, develop a code of conduct for
UNGO, formulate UNGO motto and Manage responsibilities
among others.
RFE reflection meeting set for May
Representatives from more than 11 civil society
organizations (CSOs), TACAIDS, ZAC and Council
HIV/AIDS Coordinators (CHACs) will convene in
Morogoro in mid-May to deliberate and take stock of
lessons learn and share experiences of implementing
BOCAR/RFE-supported projects.
BOCAR/RFE Technical Advisor, Thomas Kipingili
said the objective of the scheduled meeting was to
enable participants share lessons learnt, new ideas
BOCAR Technical Advisor, Thomas Kipingili (first from left) in a
planning meeting with other staff (Library Photo)
and innovations in implementing projects focusing on
HIV prevention, gender-based violence and the Most
Vulnerable Children as well capacity building
interventions, finance and grants issues, technical,
communication and information technology.
Every round, CSOs meet to deliberate on the state of
implementation and the way forward in the presence
of representatives from TACAIDS and CHACs. The
report of the meeting is shared among stakeholders
including RFE partners.
ADDITIONAL KNOWLEDGE
Bystander Intervention
to GBV…
Bystander action or intervention refers to actions
Villagers glare at the billboard carrying a message to
protect girls from early marriages at Nyagasense
village, Serengeti district where ACT Mara has been
implementing anti GBV project funded through RFE
taken by a person or persons not directly
involved as a subject or perpetrator of violence
against women to identify, speak out about, or
seek to engage others in responding to: specific
incidents of violence; and/or behaviors,
attitudes, practices or policies that contribute to
violence” (Powell, 2011).
A bystander is someone who observes an act of
violence, discrimination, or other unacceptable
or offensive behavior. As opposed to an active
bystander, a passive bystander refers to an
individual who observes an unacceptable or
offensive behavior and fails to act or intervene.
The goal of bystander interventions, however, is
to spur bystanders to action.
Bystander interventions can be categorized
according to whether they contribute to primary,
secondary, or tertiary prevention of GBV.
Strategies that fit into primary prevention include
strengthening the conditions and norms that
work against GBV, for example, challenging
gender stereotypes that privilege men.
Bystander strategies that fit into secondary
prevention involve reducing the risk that violence
escalates, often once it already has occurred,
and preventing the physical, psychological, and
social harms that may result. At this level,
individual bystander action might involve
confronting a perpetrator of violence about his
recent behavior and encouraging him to seek
assistance to change.
Likewise, secondary prevention may involve
mitigating high-risk situations—for example, by
confronting a man at a bar who is harassing a
very drunk female.
Strategies that pertain to tertiary prevention
involve intervening in specific incidents of
violence, perhaps by reporting the incident to
authorities or taking action to intervene.
Bystander intervention refers primarily to
strategies that fall under secondary and tertiary
prevention of GBV, particularly IPV and sexual
violence.
Bystander strategies related to primary
prevention are clearly important but are further
described in chapters related to community
mobilization, media campaigns, and group
education (i.e., gender norms–changing
interventions). Nonetheless, bystander
interventions at the secondary and tertiary levels
are facilitated by primary prevention approaches
that create a broader environment that
condones GBV.
Indeed, as one researcher noted, bystander
approaches to GBV prevention “[fit] with
research showing that an important causal factor
in sexual and intimate partner violence,
particularly violence against women on campus,
is peer/social norms that implicitly and explicitly
support coercion in relationships” (Moynihan,
2011, cited in Ricardo, Eads, & Barker, 2011).
Although this statement comes from the
framework of a university setting in a developed
country, there is still evidence that bystander
intervention is relevant for numerous risk factors
for male perpetration of GBV. These include
norms that accept wife beating, male right to
discipline female behavior, and family privacy,
and, more
directly, lack of sanctions for violence, as well as
nonintervention by others in cases of GBV,
which are the focus of this intervention (Heise,
2011).
Source: An Ecological Approach to Gender-Based
Violence Prevention: Guidance for PEPFAR
Tanzania Partner
A SUCCESS STORY
ZAMELSO project restores
hope to IDUs in Unguja
Street youths attend an outreach testing service in
Jang’ombe Street
Talking to a zombie-looking Aisha (not her
real name), 31, in the slums of Jang’ombe
street in Ungula gives the impression that all
is not well in this part of Zanzibar.
Chain-smoking, constantly fiddling a matchbox between her swollen fingers, gesturing
for dislike of time-wasting, Aisha is one
among 23 self-confessed long-time
intravenous drug users residing in the street.
Inside the matchbox, Aisha, a mother of a
five-month child was proud of what she was.
With a broad smile, a cigarette between her
lips, she opened it.
Five rolls of cocaine powder, three seeds of
bhang and three plastic rubber bands. She
confirmed during the interview that the
cigarette she smokes was a cocktail of
bhang, cocaine and tobacco. Because of
her uncontrollable situation, the child was
taken by his boyfriend’s relatives.
Abdullah, a.k.a Malingumu: From IDU
to ZAMELSO Peer Educator
Former IDU exhibiting his past experiences
Aisha
Aisha was one of the residents who turned
up for the counseling and testing services
offered by the Zanzibar Medical Laboratory
Services Organization (ZAMELSO), a nongovernmental organization. In July 2013, the
organization received a TZS 149m grant to
implement the HIV prevention project to
intravenous drug users (IDUs) in five
shehias in Unguja Island from the Rapid
Funding Envelope (RFE).
ZAMELSO in partnership with local
government authority leaders (Shehas)
identified the IDUs among the key
populations who were on the highest risk of
HIV infection triggered excessive
alcoholism, substance abuse and
intravenous drug use. They established that
given the meagre resources the project has,
only 120 youths aged 15-24 would be
addressed during the 12-month project,
Asha being one of the lucky ones.
The organization trained 14 IDUs who had
shown desire to retire from the business to
become peer educators. “We decided to
work with the thief to catch the thief”, said
Ramadhan Abdallah, the project manager.
The peer educators visited each and every
young person they knew was sniffing,
smoking, chewing, drinking or injecting
drugs in Jang’ombe Street. Ahmed Mgeni
Abdallah who for 25 years has been
injecting with drugs is now one of the
reliable anti-drug activists. “I did not like to
see others waste so many years in injecting
drugs and becoming wasteful human
resources like me. I sit with them and
encourage to reduce the intakes of injecting
drugs from five to one a day and to smoke
cigarette, and tactics for declining peer
pressures to continue meeting in secretive
places (away from their homes0 in order to
inject drugs”, he explained his role.
ZAMELSO has been organizing monthly
outreach counseling and testing services
focusing on IDUs and the general population
attend. To-date 5 out of 21 IDUs tested in
Jang’ombe street were found to HIV positive
and referred to health facilities for care and
treatment services.
About 30% of the IDUs are referred to
special places for treating IDUs and extreme
cases of substance abuse called Sober
houses. These houses are few and charge
TZS 300,000 a month for treatment and
psychosocial counseling and guidance.
Aisha was taken by ZAMELSO to the house
for the second time after escaping the place
when her mother forced her there. This time
around, she was the one who asked to be
assisted to go to the Sober house. “I want to
surprise my mum this time. When I return
home after three or four months I want to be
the good girl again, able to help her, the
child and a responsible citizen in my
community”, she explained.
PROFILE-Meet BOCAR’s
formidable Capacity Building squad
Since 2011 Deloitte Consulting Limited and
EASUN, Centre for Organizational Development
have been partnering to provide civil society
organizations (CSOs) strategies for their
development through a five-year USAID-funded
Building Organizational Capacity for Results
(BOCAR) interventions. Most of the
interventions have been carried out by this
formidable team although in some cases and
themes they have been working with support
from Deloitte team. Here are the people who
make BOCAR’s capacity building squad.
MARIANA KAVISHE-Networking
Coordinator
An employee of EASUN, she
coordinates and manages
interventions that focus on
building capacity for
networks and large CSOs. in the areas of
advocacy, resource mobilization, strategic
management and governance.
ZAINAB MMARYFacilitator
Another EASUN teammaker, she is a versatile
facilitator in the fields of good governance,
organizational development survey and
leadership development, to mention but only
a few of her trades.
RAMADHAN MSANGIFacilitator
Conversant with a number of
organizational development
aspects, he facilitates well in
all BOCAR themes including Facilitation for
Field Workers (FAF), strategic management
and good governance. Ramadhan is a member
of EASUN
ELIZABETH MWANDIGA-Facilitator
Another EASUN instrumental facilitator, she is
an expert in resource mobilization, leadership
development and FAF to mention only three
out of so many disciplines in organizational
development.
EDNA CHILIMO-Facilitator
Quiet but hard working Edna is EASN’s other
reliable spade in organizational development.
She does well and with high commitment in
all BOCAR interventions
JARED ONYACHI-OD
Specialist
With more than quarter a
century of OD expertise, he is
the “guru” of BOCAR
interventions. He leads the
BOCAR team of facilitators and facilitates
coaching and mentorship of CSOs towards
organizational development. He is the guy
who has “fallen in love” with organizational
development.
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