Pre-AP US History Quiz
1. Using the following terms and information you are to
create ONE sentence that combines all of the following
in a manner that would describe each term and how they
all interconnect into one larger thematic CONCEPT.
1. American loans
2. Zimmerman telegram
3. Sussex Pledge
4. Unrestricted submarine warfare
2. Wilson’s Fourteen Points intended to?
US: Foreign Affairs: 1900-1920
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAwar.htm
Progressive Foreign Policies
Big Stick Diplomacy, Roosevelt Corollary
Dollar Diplomacy
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and Honduras
Moralist Diplomacy
Haiti, Dominican Republic, Mexico
The Yankee Lake
Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy
Condemnation of Imperialism
No support for American investors
Less favors for US shipping
-Panama Canal tolls
Promoted self-determination for peop
-Jones Act (Philippines)
Joined in with anti-Imperialists
Worked with Bryan (Secretary of State)
Wilson’s thing with Mexico
1913: Victoriano Huerta leads coup and removes President M
Outcomes
Heavy Mexican immigration to US
US refuses to recognize Huerta
Germany supports Huerta
US arms to Carranza and Villa
Tampico incident
Huerta steps down, Carranza in
US seizes Veracruz
Wilson supports Carranza
Wilson’s thing with Mexico
Enter Pancho Villa Opposes Carranza and U.S.
1916: Villistas capture train, kill 16 Americans
1916: Villa raids Columbus, New Mexico
18 Americans killed
1916: Wilson sends Pershin
-Fails to capture Villa
1917: Removed from Mexic
US Neutrality??
August 1914: Wilson declares US neutrality
1915: Britain throws blockade over Germany in North Sea
1915: Germans began blockade of Great Britain, creation of sub
war zone
May 7, 1915: Lusitania sunk
July 1915: Wilson directs creation of defense programs
January 1916: House Memorandum issued seeking peace
US proposes peace conference, if Germany refused US would
enter war against Germany.
The Lusitania
Approx. 1200 killed
128 Americans killed
US on Road to World War I
March
1916:
Susse
x
torpedoed
February
3, 1917:
US severs
relations
with
Germany
May 1916:
German
Sussex
pledge
after
Wilson
threat to
end
diplomatic
relations
February
24, 1917:
Great
Britain
releases
Zimmerma
n telegram
June
1916:
National
Defense
Act
passed (5
years
expand
Army)
January
1917: US
army
withdrawn
from
Mexico
November
1916:
Wilson
defeats
Hughes
for White
House
(“He Kept
Us Out of
War”)
January 8,
1917:
Germany
resumes
unrestricte
d
submarine
warfare
May 1916:
German
Sussex
pledge
after
Wilson
threat to
end
diplomatic
relations
Zimmerman Telegram
US in World War I: Entry
March 1917: Wilson asks to arm US merchant ships, Congress says no,
Issues Executive Order
March 15, 1917: Czar Nicholas II abdicates in Russia, revolution open enter Len
April 6, 1917: US declaration of war against Germany
Submarine Warfare
Zimmerman Telegram
Collapse of Russia
??Protect loans and investments
Black Tom Factory explosion of 1916
A War to End All War
Make the World Safe for Democracy
Preaching of the Fourteen
Speech
designed to persuade America that the War was being foug
Points
for moral principles and an everlasting peace.
1. Open covenants
2. Freedom of the seas
3. Removal of economic barriers
4. Reducing armaments
5. Fixing colonial claims
14. Creation of a League of
6. Evacuation of Russian land
7. Belgium made independent
8. France evacuated, receive Alsace-Lorrain
9. All Italians live in Italy
10. Self-Determination for Austria-Hungary
11. Self-Determination for Balkan states
Nations
12. Self-Determination for Ottoman Empire
13. Creation of independent Poland
Creel and Propaganda
•Committee of Public Information
Propagandize and promote war in America
Balancing A nation at war with Liberty
Espionage Act
Illegal to interfere with operations or successes of U.S. military or to promote ene
Illegal to give false reports that would interfere with US military success
Recruiting! Main area addressed
Eugene V. Debs arrested for a speech that “obstructed recruiting” 10 yea
Sedition Act
Illegal to say anything “disloyal, profane, or abusive” towards the US government
US military while at war
Targets of Espionage and Sedition Acts
Socialists
Unions
IWW
Anti-War Protesters
Schenk v. U.S.
Similar cases:
Abrams v. US
Schenk distributes pamphlets opposing the draft
Debs v. US
Arrested and appealed to Supreme Court
Ruling by Court:
Unanimous decision
Freedom of speech can be limited when that speech illustrated:
“A clear and present danger” to the country
Overturned in 1969 by Brandenburg v. Ohio
A War time Economy
•Change to daylight savings time
•National War Labor Board
Arbitrate labor disputes
AFL nearly doubled its size
Social Changes
Black migration northward for jobs
1919 Steel strike
employment in war plants
Race riots break out
1917 East St. Louis
Red Scare 1919
Bolshevik Revolution
Union strikes
Mail Bombs
Women’s
Suffrage!
19th Amendment Ratified
1920
But:
Muller v. Oregon
Sheppard-Towner Maternity Act 1921
1. Taxes
War Industries
Board
2. Borrowing
3. Inflation
Food Administration
Herbert Hoover
Bernard Baruch
Financing the
War
The War
Economy
Fighting the
War
Railroad
Adminstration
200,00 men in 1914
US Nationalized
1917: Draft in place
4,000,000 eventually
Fuel Administration
US Set Price of Coal
The End
“eleventh hour, of the eleventh day, of the eleventh month”
All Quiet On The Western Front