The Heart of the Matter
Page 34
13. Why is it important for your heart to keep
oxygen-rich blood separate from oxygen-poor
blood?
If the blood gets mixed up, the oxygen
concentration would be decreased which would
negatively affect all parts of the body that
require oxygen to function properly.
15. How would the body be affected if red
blood cells had low levels of hemoglobin?
Blood would cover low levels of oxygen, which
would affect every cell in the body.
16. What is the difference between the
pulmonary and systemic circulations?
The flow of blood between the heart and the
lungs is the pulmonary circulation. The
circulation of blood between the heart and the
rest of the body is the systemic circulation.
17. Put a box around the part of the diagram
that shows the pulmonary circulation. Where in
the diagram would you find oxygen-poor blood?
The upper portions of the diagram with the
blood vessels and lungs should be boxed.
Oxygen-poor blood is found in the veins leading
to the heart from the systemic circulation.
20. Scuba divers breathe air from the tanks
strapped to their bodies. Check the box next to
the gas you would expect to find in the greatest
concentration in the air tank of the diver’s back
and in the air bubbles he is exhaling.
Oxygen in coming into the diver’s lungs and the
bubbles represent carbon-dioxide being
released by the lungs.
23. How are these two lungs different? How
can you tell the diseased lung from the healthy
lung?
The emphysema lung is black, not a normal
color for a lung which is pinkish to red.
25. The lymph organs found in your throat are
called ____________.
Tonsils
26. The two gases that the blood carries around
the body are _________ and _________.
Oxygen and carbon-dioxide
27.Oxygen enters the blood and carbon-dioxide
leaves the blood in the _________ of the
lungs.
Alveoli
28. Describe how a problem with the
respiratory system could directly affect the
cardiovascular system.
The cardiovascular system would have less
oxygen to carry in the blood. The lack of oxygen
would affect the heart and other parts of the
body.
Lesson Review
Page 43
1. Define blood
The fluid that carries gases, nutrients, and
wastes through the body.
Define Lymph
The fluid that leaks from blood and collects in
lymphatic vessels.
Define Alveoli
The tiny air sacs found at the end of the
bronchioles.
4. What are the main structures of the
lymphatic system?
Lymph vessels; lymph nodes; spleen; tonsils;
thymes, bone marrow.
5. What are the main structures of the
cardiovascular system?
Heart, veins, arteries, capillaries, blood
6. What are the main structures of the
respiratory system?
Lungs, nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, bronchi,
bronchioles, alveoli
7. How does blood help maintain homeostasis
in the body?
Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones
to cells and carries cellular wastes away. Blood
also helps to maintain an even body
temperature.
8. How are arteries and veins different?
Arteries have thick, muscular walls, and they
carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
Veins have thinner walls and have valves. They
carry oxygen-poor blood to the heart.
9. How might a blockage of the lymph vessels
affect the function of the cardiovascular system?
The lymphatic system would not be able to
return leaked fluid to the blood and the blood
would lose volume (or fluid).
10. Look at the picture on page 43. To what
body system does this structure belong?
The cardiovascular system
11. Again, refer to the picture on page 43. How
might what is happening in this image affect the
nervous system?
A blockage in an artery would affect blood flow,
and may affect blood flow to the brain which
would cause a stroke.
12. Why is it important that lymph vessels are
spread throughout the body?
Lymph vessels need to be throughout the body
to be able to collect the fluid that leaks fromt eh
blood capillaries.