BIOL 255 SI, Molly
EXAM 2
10/1/15
This is a document with highlighted topics on what you should definitely know for the exam. This will
not have EVERY detail you should know, but rather the major topics.
Unit 2A
 Know the functions of bone
 Be able to differentiate among osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes
 Know the types of bone (i.e. long, short, flat, etc.)
 Know the definitions of the bone markings
 Know the parts of long bones and their functions
 UNIT 2B FOR HAEN, 2A FOR KRUMHARDT - Know the basics of ossification (don’t stress about
memorizing each and every step)
Unit 2B
 Know which bones are in the appendicular vs axial skeletons
 Know the functions of the bones in the cranium (example: sella turcica or hypophyseal fossa)
 Everything else in this section is pretty much identifying the structures, so be sure to take the
self-test to identify the structures on the pictures
Unit 2C
 Be able to give examples of the different functional and structural classifications of joints
 Be able to differentiate among the different types of movements
Unit 2D
 Know the functions of muscle
 Be able to differentiate among cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscles
 Know the definition of aponeurosis
 Know the structural organization of muscle
 Myofiber = muscle cell = muscle fiber
 Know the components of the neuromuscular junction
 Know what muscle tone is
 Be able to differentiate among the different types of muscle fibers
 Know what cells allow the growth of new muscle cells
 A motor unit is a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
Unit 2E
 Know the difference among agonist, antagonist, and synergist
 Know the three types of levers and be able to give an example of each
Additional study tips:
 A lot of this unit is knowing the functions of bone and muscle, and being able to apply that to
different situations. All the identification of the different bones and muscles will be in the
pictures at the bottom of the exam.
 Go through your notes multiple times. Exam questions are pulled primarily from the notes.
 Go through the self-tests on Blackboard. The pictures in the self-tests may potentially show up
on the exam.
 Fill out the study guides. They’re pretty long, so it’s up to you if you do the whole thing or if you
pick out topics you need more practice on.
 Write down the clicker questions and learn them. Usually there’s one or two clicker questions
on the exam.
 FOR DR. KRUMHARDT’S SECTION: Know the case studies. All of them.
 Take advantage of the three attempts – don’t wait until the last day to take all three attempts.
Try to take an attempt Friday so you know what will be on the exam, then study more over the
weekend.
 Fill out the SI worksheets for additional study tools.
 Email me through the SI website if you have any questions!
Good luck!