Graphing and Microscopes
Obj 25: I can identify the parts of a Graph
3. Y axis label –
Dependent variable
4. X & Y axis scales
5.
Data
points
1. Title
2. X-axis label – independent variable
Objective 26: I can choose the appropriate
graph to create based on my data.
There are 3 main types of graphs
Bar Graph
This type of graph is used when you are
COMPARING 2 or more things.
Line Graph
This type of graph is used to show A
CHANGE OVER A PERIOD OF TIME
Circle Graph or Pie Chart
This type of graph is used to show parts of a
whole it is usually expressed in percentages
Bar Graphs – Compare 2 or
more things
Ice Cream Type # of Votes
Cherry
7
Vanilla
3
Chocolate
7
Mango
5
Peacan
3
Berry
6
Circle Graph or Pie Chart: Show parts of a
whole – all parts have to add up to 100%
Line Graphs – show a change
over A PERIOD OF TIME
Period of
TIME!!
Graphing more than one set
of data on the same graph
Points from different
lines CAN SHARE THE A key to
SAME EXACT
tell the
LOCATION
lines apart
Obj 27: I can describe what is happening
based on the shapes of the graph
The graph shows
an object which is
not moving (at
rest).
The distance stays
the same as time
goes by because it is
not moving.
The graph shows
that the objects
distance increases as
time passes.
The object is moving
and so it has velocity.
The straight line shows
it is a constant (not
changing).
Just like the
previous graph,
this graph shows
an object
moving with
constant
velocity
The curve in the
graph shows that
the objects velocity
is changing as time
passes.
This is
acceleration.
In the first part of the
graph the object is
moving with constant
velocity.
In the second part of
the graph the object is
at rest (not moving).
In the third part the
object is again moving
with constant velocity.
Johnny’s mother brought him to school and then came back
home for 3 hours. Then she went to the store for 2 hours which
was on her way to Johnny’s school. After she was done
shopping she continued to Johnny’s school to pick him up and
then went back home for the rest of the day.
Microscopes:
Objective 28: I can identify
the parts of a microscope
Ocular lens
(Eyepiece)
Body Tube
Nosepiece
Arm
Objectives
Stage
Stage Clips
Coarse Adjustment
Diaphragm
Light
Fine Adjustment
Base
Always carry a microscope with one hand holding the arm and
one hand under the base.
Carrying a Microscope
A
B
Obj 29: I can follow the steps to
use a microscope correctly
1. Always observe using the LOWEST POWER objective
first.
2. Focus using the COARSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB to
bring the object into focus. Bring the object into sharp
focus by using the fine adjustment knob.This is ONLY
USED ON LOW AND MED POWER
3. Focus, and then move to a higher power objective, if
needed.
4. Use only the FINE ADJUSTMENT KNOB when using
the HIGHEST (longest) POWER OBJECTIVE.
5. Keep both eyes open to reduce eyestrain.
6. Determine total magnification of the object by
multiplying the power of the ocular (10x) the power by
the power of the objective.
Obj 30: I can calculate the total power of each
objective lens on the microscope
To calculate the power of magnification, multiply the power of the
ocular lens by the power of the objective.
What are the powers of magnification
for each of
the objectives we have on our
microscopes?
Total Magnification of Each power
LOW
Eyepiece 10x x low power 4x =
MED
Eyepiece 10x x med power 10x =
HIGH
Eyepiece 10x x high power 40x =
Comparing Powers of Magnification
We can see better details with higher the powers of
magnification, but we cannot see as much of the image.
Which of these images would be
viewed at a higher power of
magnification?
Objective 31: I can describe the steps to making a wet mount slide.
1 – Get a clean slide and coverslip from your teacher.
2 – Place ONE drop of water in the middle of the slide over your specimen. Don’t use too
much or the water will run off the edge and make a mess!
3 – Place the edge of the cover slip on one side of the water drop.
Cover
Slip
Lower slowly
5 – Place the slide on the stage and view it first with the red-banded objective. Once you see
the image, you can rotate the nosepiece to view the slide with the different objectives.
You do not need to use the stage clips when viewing
wet-mount slides!
Storing The Microscope
• Return the lowest power
objective in place
• Wrap the cord around the
base
• Return dustcover