Chapters 3 Notes
Matter
2.2 lbs = 1 kg
1 kg = 9.8 N
I.Classes of Matter
video #12
-Matter exists as elements,
compounds, mixtures, or
solutions
*Homogeneous matter:
identical properties throughout.
Ex: salt h20
*Heterogeneous matter:
different properties
Ex. Fruit salad, shovel of dirt
II. Mixtures
video #11
pp41
*two or more substances mixed
together but not chemically
combined.
A. Properties of Mixtures
-substances keep their separate
ident and most of their own
prop.
-may chng in physical
appearance.
Ex. Sugar and water, mp, bp
-subst can be present in any
amnt.
-subst can be separated out.
B. Types of Mixtures
1.Heterogeneous mixture
*particles are large enough to be
seen and settle out.
EX: concrete
2. Homogeneous mixture
*particles very small and do not
settle out.
EX: Stainless steel
*Colloids:
Larger particles but left in
suspension
Ex: smoke,
C. Solutions
*one substance dissolves in
another.
Ex. Ocean water, tea, air.
-3 Important Prop of Solutions
1.part not large enough to be seen
2.part. are evenly spread out(all
parts of sol are ident)
3.solution doesn’t settle out of
time
Video #9
*Alloy:
solids dissolved in solids
ex: brass, sterling silver
DEMO
III. Elements
videos #10
*Pure Subst:
made of only one kind of material and
has definite prop
*Element:
simplest pure subst. ;
cannot be chngd into simpler subst by
heating or any chem process
-Ex
A. Elements and Atoms
pp39
*Atom:
smallest particle of an element
with the prop. of that element.
B. Chem Symbols
*represent elements
IV. Compounds
pp40
*two or more elements chem.
combined.
Ex: sugar, baking soda, TNT
• A compound is two or
more elements
combined together.
• This is a picture of a
salt compound.
-Can be broken down into
simp subst.
>by heating, electricity
-The prop of a cmpnd are very
diff from the prop of the
elements in it.
*Molecules:
2 or more atoms chem. bonded
together.
-smallest particle of a cmpnd
that has all the prop of that
cmpnd.
• A molecule is the
smallest particle of a
substance that exists
alone.
• This is a picture of a
water molecule. It is
two parts hydrogen
and one part oxygen.
*Chemical Formulas:
1. What it is
2. How much
*Chemical equation:
description of a chem. rxn
using symbols and formulas.
Chemical equation:
1. What you put in
2. What you get out
3. How much
*Law of conservation of mass:
*Law of conservation of nrg:
*nrg: ability to do work
pp77
*Diatomic Molecules: (super 7)
Br, I, N, Cl, H, O, F
*Chemical Rxn:
1. Bubbles
2. Formation of a precipitate
3. Heat and light given off
pp184