Unit 2: Essay 4
“Which Progressives addressed
SOCIAL problems and were they
successful?”
Social Problems
Overcrowded cities
Nativism
Unhealthy Cities
Unsafe Cities
Racism
Urban poverty
Overcrowded and Unhealthy, Unsafe Cities
Social Reformers:
Lincoln Steffens,
“muckraker”
Jacob Riis, “MUCKRAKER”
Overcrowded and Unhealthy, Unsafe Cities
Solution:
Commissions – 5-8
experts who head city
DEPARTMENTS
become more efficient
and competent .
POLICE, FIREMAN
HOUSING, BUILDING
SCHOOLS
Overcrowded and Unhealthy, Unsafe Cities
Solution:
TENEMENT House Act,
1901 – requires that a
BATHROOM be built-in
to every apartment in
New York city
Overcrowded and Unhealthy, Unsafe Cities
Successful ?
Y/N ?
“YES”
By 1917 500 cities use
commissions rather
than incompetent
POLITICANS
Other states pass laws
to protect TENENTS
rights
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice & Nativism
Solution to NATIVISM:
Progressives said
immigrants would be
“AMERICANIZED”=
Put in the great “MELTING
POT”=
Immigrants should give up
their CULTURE,
LANGUAGE, etc. and
become “AMERICAN”
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice & Nativism
Successful reform ?
Y/N ?
“Yes & No”
Many new immigrants
want to “Americanize”
But others reject idea
that they give up their
culture, language, etc.
Americanization?
Melting pot?
Salad Bowl
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice & Nativism
Social Reformers:
Jane Addams,
Social Worker
Walter Rauschenbusch,
Social Gospel Movement
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice & Nativism
Solution:
SETTLEMENT HOUSES
= community CENTERS
to help new immigrants
and the urban poor –
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice & Nativism
Settlement Houses provide
the needy with
EDUCATION
(like ENGLISH classes and
HEALTH classes)
and
SOCIAL services
(DAY CARE and
COUNSELING)
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice & Nativism
Settlement House Example:
HULL HOUSE, Chicago
Founded by Jane Addams, 1889
Interactive Notes Q&A’s
Pg. 266
1. Who started the first
Settlement House for Blacks ?
Called what ? How many
Settlement Houses were in
USA by 1910 ?
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice & Nativism
SOCIAL GOSPEL Movement –
led by
Rauschenbush
Interactive Notes Q&A’s
pg. 307
2. Which other religious
organization aimed to help the
needy? How ?– describe
Social Gospel Movement strongly
opposed Social Darwinism –
Why ?
believed that society should help
the needy (W.W.J.D.)
Anti-Immigrant Prejudice &
Nativism
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Successful?
Y/N?
Yes and No
By 1910 there were
about 400 SETTLEMENT
HOMES.
Many reformers based
their activism on their
RELIGIOUS beliefs
Contemporary Nativism