World War I
# 1 – Militarism
o
o
ARMS
RACE
CONSCRIPTION
o
PLANS
# 2 – Alliances
1. The League of the Three Emperors (1872)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
The Dual Alliance (1879)
The Second Three Emperors' League (1881)
Triple Alliance (1882)
Reinsurance Treaty (1887)
Dual Alliance (1893)
Franco – Italian Alliance (1900)
Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902)
Entente Cordiale (1904)
Anglo-Russian Entente (1907)
“Oh what a tangled web we weave,
When first we practice to deceive! “
Alliances (cont.)
• Triple Alliance (1882)
– Germany
– Austria
– Italy
Italy’s commitment was doubtful
Alliances (cont.)
• Triple Entente
(1907)
Entente = friendly understanding
not a binding alliance
# 3 – Internal Dissent
• Labor unions in the states began to use
strikes more often and some were
violent.
• The leaders of the states believed that
war would bring an end to the internal
disorder.
# 4 – Nationalism
• At the settlement of the Congress of
Vienna in 1815, the principle of
nationalism was ignored in favor of
preserving the peace.
Nationalism (cont.)
• The FrancoPrussian War of
1870 left France
seething over the
loss of AlsaceLorraine.
France wanted revenge!
Nationalism (cont.)
Two kinds of nationalism in 19th Century Europe:
1. The desire of subject peoples for
independence – I.e. Balkans
2. The desire of independent nations for
dominance and prestige
Nationalism (cont.)
• Imperialism
1. Need for foreign markets after the increase
in manufacturing caused by the Industrial
Revolution
2. Countries competed for economic expansion
Powder keg
• Serbia wanted to
add Bosnia to
create a larger
independent Slavic
state
• Serbia was
supported by
Russia
• A-H wanted to
prevent it
Assassination – 28 June 1914
• Archduke & wife are
assassinated while
driving in motor pool in
Sarajevo
• Gavrilo Princip – Serb
Archduke
Franz Ferdinand
• Black Hand
Chain of events – 1914
• 23 July – A-H sent Serbia an ultimatum
• 28 July – A-H declared war on Serbia
• 30 July – Russia began mobilization
• 1 Aug – Germany declared war on Russia
• 3 Aug – Germany Declared war on France
• 4 Aug – Britain declared war on Germany
Nice helmet
Cousin Willie!
I wish I was
alive to
choke-out
Frenchy!
We’ll be right
there.
I love it when
a plan
comes
together!
I signed a blank check
cousin Nicky!