Communication
Words make-up for 7 %
Vocal elements 38%
Nonverbal elements 55%
93% of our communication is without
words
One-way vs. Two-way
Communications
One-Way
Communication - a
person sends a message
to another person and
no questions, feedback,
or interaction follow
Good for giving
simple directions
Fast but often less
accurate than 2-way
communication
Two-Way
Communication - the
communicator & receiver
interact
Good for problem
solving
Barriers to Communication
Communication
Barriers factors that block
or significantly
distort successful
communication
Physical separation
Status differences
Gender differences
Cultural diversity
Language
Nonverbal Communication:
The power of silence
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication - all elements of communication
that do not involve words
Five basic types
◦ Proxemics
◦ Kinesics
◦ Haptics
◦ Artifactual
◦ Paralanguage
Proxemics
Use of space in a given
situation
◦
◦
◦
◦
Intimate- 6 to 18 in.
Personal- 1 ½ to 3 ft.
Social- 3 to 5 ft.
Public- 10 or more feet
Proxemics: Seating Dynamics
Seating Dynamics - seating people in certain
positions according to the person’s purpose in
communication
X O
Cooperation
X
O Communication
X
O X O
Competition
NonCommunication
O
Kinesics
Bodily movement
◦
◦
◦
◦
Eye contact
Facial expression
Posture and bearing
Gesture
Haptics & Artifactuals
Haptics- sense of
touch
Artifactual- artifacts
made or manipulated
by other people
Paralanguage
Variations in speech, such as pitch, loudness,
tempo, tone, duration, laughing, & crying
Examples of
Decoding Nonverbal Cues
He’s
unapproachable!
Boss fails to acknowledge
employee’s greeting
I wonder what
he’s hiding?
No eye contact
while
communicating
He’s angry! I’ll
stay out of
his way!
Boss breathes
heavily &
waves arms
My opinion
doesn’t count
Manager sighs deeply
SOURCE: Adapted from “Steps to Better Listening” by C. Hamilton and B. H. Kleiner. Copyright © February 1987. Reprinted with permission, Personnel Journal, all rights reserved.
Miscommunication
When your words do not match your nonverbal
communication
Wrong choice of words
Speaking before thinking
Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kc2yRqa
t7q8
https://vimeo.com/155179623
Leadership
I want you tonight to observe at least 2 different
interactions or conversations between two or more
people. Each observation needs to be at least 10
minutes long (the longer the better). You can observe
your family, friends, or complete strangers.
Record your observations (like you did with the video
in class) on what types of nonverbal communications
you observed, and what that might mean about the
relationship or interaction.
Make sure to log your observations by including: Who
the interaction was between (man, woman, etc.)?
When? Where? And how long?
Come prepared tomorrow to discuss your
observations
