YEAR 12 AS PE REVISION TEST /64
1. There are over 200 bones in the human body, categorise them into their
specific types
 flat
 short
 long
 irregular
(4)
2. The skeleton can also be categorised into 2 separate areas what are they
Appendicular & Axial
(2)
3. Joints are also categorised into types of joint, give 3 types of joint and the
location of these joints
i)...........................................................................................................................
ii)..........................................................................................................................
iii).........................................................................................................................(3)
4. Joints are a part of the mechanical mechanism that helps our limbs move.
Name 3 separate joints and the range of movements that can be performed by
the joint.
i)...........................................................................................................................
ii)..........................................................................................................................
iii).........................................................................................................................(3)
5. Muscles attached to bones are what allows our limbs to move, what are the 3
types of muscle tissue
 Cardiac
 Skeletal / voluntary / striped
 Smooth / involuntary
(3)
6. Skeletal muscle otherwise known as striped muscle tissue is the most common
form of muscle tissue in the body what are the 3 types of muscle contraction,
remember 1 contraction is sub-divided into 2 parts
 isometric
 Isokinetic
 isotonic – eccentric / concentric
(3)
7. Using the press up and the phases of the movement of 1 press up describe
how all 3 main types of muscle contraction can be demonstrated
 During the upward phase bicep brachii contracts and shortens and flexes
elbow performing concentric contraction
 During downward phase tricep brachii under tension lengthens and extends
elbow performing eccentric contraction
 If elbow held at 90* bicep under tension but no movement therefore isometric
contraction
(6)
8. A basketball player is performing a free throw shot analyse the movement of
the throwing arm and the legs during the execution phase of the shot
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9. Within the muscle tissue genetics determines the make up of the muscle fibres
identify the 3 muscle fibre types with an example from sport of who would like
to have these 3 types of muscle tissue in greater quantities
i)
slow twitch – marathon runner
ii)
fast twitch oxidative – 1500m runner
iii)
fast twitch glycolytic – 100m sprinter
(3)
10. Complete the following table:
CHARACTERISTIC
TYPE 1
TYPE IIA
TYPE IIB
CONTRACTION SPEED
SLOW
FAST
FAST
LOW/SLOW
FAST
VERY FAST
GLYCOGEN STORES
LOW
MEDIUM/HIGH
VERY HIGH
AEROBIC CAPACITY
HIGH
MEDIUM
LOW
ANAEROBIC CAPACITY
LOW
MEDIUM
HIGH
FATIGUABILITY
(15)
11. Sliding filament theory is looking at how voluntary muscle tissue contracts
explain what this theory is in greater detail.
Each muscle fibre is made up of lots of myofibrils. Each myofibril is broken up
into sections called sarcomeres. When the muscle is relaxed the sarcomeres are
at their furthest apart this is called the ‘Z’ lines. When the muscle contracts the Z
lines move closer together. This is sliding filament theory. The actin at each end
of the sarcomere is pulled closer together when actin is apart this ‘H zone’ is clear
until they contract and the H zone disappears. Myosin heads attach and pulls on
the actin bringing everything closer together therefore contracting the muscle. (6)
12.Draw a motor neurone indicating the electrical current pathway
(5)
13.Draw a graph to illustrate how muscle fibre types are recruited to depending
on the intensity of the exercise
14.Why would a 100meter sprinter not necessarily need to perform a warm up
Because the 100m is completed in around 10 seconds this will mean the body
does not need oxygen to perform the activity therefore is anaerobic. A warm up is
only need to prepare the body for aerobic activity
15.Give 3 effects a warm up has on the body
i)
Increase body temperature
ii)
Blood viscosity reduces
iii)
Dilates capillaries
iv)
Enhances enzyme activity for energy production
16.Why is it advised that after prolonged exercise a cool down is performed
 Elevated heart rate allows the body to remove lactic acid more efficiently
 More oxygen can get to the muscle cells to resynthesize ATP
 Prevents blood pooling
 Whilst muscles and joints are warm and free moving an ideal time to
improve flexibility