US-U5-L4
SSUSH13a-d
• a. Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal
oversight of the meatpacking industry.
• b. Identify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe
the role of women in reform movements.
• c. Describe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson,
and the emergence of the NAACP.
• d. Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h2ppaJwQ9UM&feature=related
The Jungle
• The Jungle is a novel written by Upton Sinclair in 1906
about the dangers of the meatpacking industry
through an immigrant family’s fictional story.
• Sinclair’s intention was not to expose the meatpacking
industry, but to expose the poverty, lack of social
programs, corruption of those in power and poor
working conditions.
Impact of The Jungle
• The meatpacking industry’s unsanitary
conditions were exposed and Congress was
forced to pass laws to regulate the meatpacking
industry so that food was safe to consume.
• Federal Laws
– Meat Inspection Act was passed
– Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
– From those two programs came the Food and Drug
Administration in 1930 that is still in effect today.
Hull House
• Jane Addams brought the
idea of settlement houses to
the US from Britain.
• The Hull House was located
in Chicago and was
established to teach
http://www.facebook.com/video/video.php recently immigrated peoples
?v=100787449933449
to cook, clean, administer
basic first aid, speak the
English language, and know
their legal rights, etc.
• This brought about other
social service work where
women played key roles.
Women and Reform Movements
• Women were major contributors to many
reform movements including:
– Child labor
– Women’s suffrage (right to vote)
– Education
– Prohibition/temperance
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChWXyeUTKg8
Jim Crow
• Jim Crow Laws-named after a fictional character in a song
• Called for the grandfather clause, poll taxes, residency
requirements, and literacy tests for voting rights for African
Americans, Mexican Americans and some whites until about
1910.
• The grandfather clause in this instance refers to if a person’s
grandfather could vote before the Civil War then the person
trying to vote would be allowed to vote as well, if not they were
not “grandfathered in”.
Plessy v. Ferguson
• Homer Plessy was a free person
that was 7/8th white and 1/8th
black. He tried to board a whites
only railroad car in Louisiana, but
according to state law he was
black, therefore this action was
illegal.
• He refused to move to the
colored car and was
subsequently arrested.
• The case went all the way to the
Supreme Court.
• The phrase that is attached to
this ruling is “Separate but Equal”
and it applied to most areas of
society, i.e. schools, restaurants,
water fountains, etc.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWPZl8vokTo
NAACP
• A group that formed in response to the Plessy
v. Ferguson ruling was National Association for
the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP),
by about 60 people including W.E.B. DuBois.
• The NAACP wanted full civil rights for African
Americans (equal pay, total voting rights without
prejudice, etc.)
• This group is still around today and will still
support civil rights cases.
Ida Tarbell
• Ida Tarbell wrote articles for a
magazine exposing big business
corruption of the Standard Oil
Company as well as political
corruption in New York and
Chicago.
• Her findings helped to cause the
government to interfere and break
up the Standard Oil Company.
• Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair are
both muckrakers because they stir
up drama that later causes political
or social change.
Closing
• What was the impact of The Jungle?
• What were 3 reform movements that
women played a prominent role in?
• What was Homer Plessy chosen to
represent the African Americans on a
white railcar?
• What was the name that was given to
journalists like Upton Sinclair and Ida
Tarbell?