A/P 242 G. Brady 2013-2014
Somatotrophs
(Acidophil)
hGH
Growth
General body
Building,
Tissue repair
Corticotrophs
(Basophil)
ACTH, MSH
Anterior Pituitary Gland
Cell Type
Lactotrophs
Thyrotrophs
(Acidophil)
(Basophil)
Hormone Produced
PRL
TSH
Result Of Activity
ACTH
Women
Production
Secrete Androgens Milk
of T3, T4
(mainly DHEA)
Production
Secrete
Men
Glucocorticoids
Unknown
(mainly cortisol)
MSH
Produce Melanin
(Skin Pigment)
Gonadotrophs
LH Surge for
Ovulation
(Basophil)
FSH, FSH, LH
FSH
Produce estrogen,
Initiate Follicle
Development &
Spermatogenesis
FSH & LH
Maturation of the
follicle in ovary
LH
Ovulation, Produce
Progesterone,
Produce
Testosterone
Thyroid Gland
Cell Type
Follicular cells
Parafollicular cells (“C” cells)
Hormone Produced
T3, T4
Calcitonin
Result Of Activity
Growth & Development
Regulate metabolism,
Nervous system reactivity
Blood Ca++ by using the
Ca++ to build bones by
osteoblasts
Parathyroid Gland
Cell Type
Principal or Chief cells
Oxyphil Cells
Hormone Produced
PTH
Unknown
Result Of Activity
Demineralize bone to
Increase Blood Ca++
Thymus
Cell Type
NO CELLS TYPES
Hormone Produced
Thymopoietin, Thymosin & others
Result Of Activity
Proliferation, maturation of T- Lymphocytes
Skin
Cell Type
NO CELLS TYPES
Hormone Produced
Vitamin D
Result Of Activity
Convert Vitamin D to Calcitriol
Pineal Gland
Cell Type
Pinealocytes
Hormone Produced
Melatonin
Result Of Activity
Affects diurnal clock
Adrenal Gland
Cell Type
1.Cortex
a.Zona glomerulosa
Mineralcorticoids
(Aldosterone)
H2O, Na++ reabsorption
K+ secretion,
Vasoconstriction
Increase Blood Pressure
1.Cortex
b.Zone fascocilata
1.Cortex
c.Zona reticularis
Hormone Produced
Glucocorticoids
Androgens
(cortisol)
( DHEA)
Result Of Activity
Anti-inflammatory response
provides resistance to stress
by keeping blood in a “ready
state” w/Gluconeogenesis &
Protein Catabolism
Axillary, pubic hair,
prepubertal growth,
post menopausal
estrogen, Women’s
sex drive, facial hair
2. Medulla
(Chromaffin Cells)
Epinephrine
(adrenaline)
Norepinephrine
“Fight-or-flight”
response
Posterior Pituitary Gland
Cell Type
Hormones made in hypothalmus are stored here
Hormone Produced
ADH
Vasoconstriction
Increase H2O reabsorption
Oxytocin
Result Of Activity
“Let down” of Milk, inc. Uterine Contractions
Ovaries
1.Follicle Cells
Estrogen
2. Follicle
Estrogen
Blood Cholesterol Produce
Sex Characteristics, initiate
follicle development
Cell Type
3. Developing Follicle
4. Mature Follicle
5. Corpus Luteum
Hormone Produced
Estrogen
Progesterone/Estrogen Inhibin
Result Of Activity
Follicle Maturation
Ovulation, Prepare Enlarge
Uterus for
birth
Implantation,
canal
Breast development Inhibit
FSH
Relaxin
Maintain
Uterus in a
resting
state
Testes
Spermatogonia
(in Seminiferous Tubules)
Cell Type
Leydig’s Cells
Hormone Produced
Testosterone
Initiate Spermatogenesis
Result Of Activity
Protein Synthesis
Develop male
sexual characteristics
and maturation, Sex drive
Sertoli Cells
(Sustentacular cells)
Produce Inhibin
inhibit FSH to regulate
Spermatogenesis
Placenta
Cell Type
NO CELL TYPES
HCG
Estrogens
Progesterone
Maintain estrogen and progesterone
production for pregnancy
Hormone Produced
Relaxin
Result Of Activity
Relax pubic symphasis,
Dilate cervix during labor
Hc Sommatomammotropin
Prepare breasts for Lactation
Pancreas
Acinar cells
99%
Pancreatic
tissue
Secretes
enzymes
Digestion of
specific
nutrients
Islets of Langerhans
Alpha cells
Cell Type
Islets of Langerhans
beta cells
Islets of Langerhans
delta cells
Glucagon
Hormone Produced
Insulin
Somatostatin
(Panacrine)
Blood sugar by
glycogenolysis
gluconeogenesis
Result Of Activity
Blood sugar by getting
inhibits relase of
sugar into cells
both glucagon &
glycogenesis, lipogenesis,
insulin
Protein anabolism
Islets of Langerhans
F cells
Pancreatic
Polypeptide
Inhibits Pancreatic
digestive enzymes