Divide the following list into two
groups according to how they
respond to fire. What is common to
each group?
Honey Water
Sand
Plastic
Egg Shell Pepper
Iron Frames
Glass
Paper Clips Dried Milk Sugar
Grass
Margarine
Rubber
Hair
Bread
Bone
Salt
Consider the powders on the
table: Sugar, Salt, Pepper, Flour.
1) Which do you think is the odd
one out? Explain your answer.
After heating the powders up…
2) What happened to each
powder on the hot plate?
3) Which is the odd one out this
time? Explain.
Source
Sugar
Flour
Pepper
Salt
Sugar Cane
Wheat Seeds
Pepper Seeds
Ocean/lakes
In conclusion: Substances that
make living things, also burn.
What does “burning” mean?
A substance that burns, does this:
Initial
heat
CO2 +H2O+heat
Since it breaks down to carbon
dioxide and water, the
substance must contain carbon.
ORGANIC substances are made
out of C, H, and sometimes O, N,
more. Organic substances burn.
Substance + O2
Organic substances:
•In nature, they originate
from living organisms.
(Today – many are synthetic).
Making Molecules from
Marshmallows:
Toothpick
White - Hydrogen
Green - Nitrogen
Pink - Carbon
Orange - Oxygen
Single
bond
Double
bond
Yellow – Phosphate or Sulfur
Connect according to the drawing,
attach model to a white paper, add
information from back of the card.
In your notebook:
-Draw your molecular model as
on the card.
-Circle one atom
-Copy the details on the card.
Observe the molecular models:
1.What do the marshmallows and
toothpicks represent?
2. How many bonds
(connections) do C, O, N and H
always make?
3. Write at least two facts that
describe the structure of the
modeled molecules.
Almost all molecules that make
a living organism are made
from monomers, connected
into large polymers:
Mono-mer
(subunit)
Poly-mer
Draw a brace map of a polymer..
Thinking map: Brace Map
Describing a part-whole relationship
Parts Parts of the Parts
Whole
Write the parts-whole from
question 3 in a diagram.
Bio Molecules Four Square:
Refer to pages 44-47
Labeled
Drawing
Functions
Examples
Parts of the
whole
(monomers)
Fill in as much as possible
Brace maps show relationship
between whole and parts.
Use brace maps to show the following
connections:
1. “Our body is made out of organs.”
2. “Polymers are made of monomers”
3. “Molecules are made of atoms.”
4. “Living things are made out of
water, proteins, carb’s, lipids, and
DNA.”
Journal 08.24.12
Almost all molecules that make
a living organism are made
from monomers, connected
into large polymers:
Mono-mer
(subunit)
Poly-mer
Carbohydrates:
MonoPolysaccarides:
Saccharides:
Glucose
O
Ribose
Observe the drawings on the slide.
For each pair of terms, write the
relationship between the two terms:
1. Starch, Glucose
2. Polysaccharides,
Journal 1
monosaccharides
3. Glycogen, carbohydrate
4. Glucose, monosaccharide
5. Anything other two terms you
want to try out? (EC!!!)
Introducing: Complex Brace Map,
including EXAMPLES OF
‘B is part of A’
‘A1 and A2 are
examples of A’
‘B1 and B2 are
examples of B’
A
A1
B
A2 B1 B2
Journal 2: draw thinking maps for
the pairs we discussed before.
Activity: Molecules of Life Models
Directions:
1. Read the description on the card.
In your notebook and on a blank
group paper (size: half a printer
paper) draw a brace/arrow map of
the terms listed.
- ADD DRAWINGS OF THE MODELS.
2. Add your map to the appropriate
place in the class’ ‘big map’.
C
O
N
P
1 monomer
QUIZ1: Biomolecules in Brace
Maps
Write fully and to the point.
DO YOUR OWN WORK
Reflective writing:
Write at least FIVE LINES about
your thoughts at this point about
the molecules that build living
things? (comments, questions,
opinions)
Use your completed four-square
diagram of biomolecules, to
answer: Fill in the brace map:
Living
organism
08.25.11
Journal1
(Types of molecules) Parts..
Brace map of bio-molecules:
Carbohydrates
Simple sugars
Living
Lipids
organism
Proteins
Fatty acids
Glycerol
Amino acids
Amino acids
nucleotides
Nucleic acids
nucleotides
Brace map of bio-molecules:
Carbohydrates
Simple sugars
Living
organism
Lipids
Proteins
Fatty acids
Glycerol
Amino acids
Amino acids
Nucleic acids
nucleotides
nucleotides
Polymer
Monomers
‘B is part of A’
‘A1 and A2 are
examples of A’
A
B
‘B1 and B2 are
examples of B’
A1
polysaccharides
monosaccharides
starch cellulose
A2 B1 B2
glucose
Copy. Write 3 facts.
ribose
No Journal today..
1. Quiz First!
2. Scavenger Hunt: Peer
Grading.
3. Molecular “I Spy!”
4. Name Quiz
A closer look at the molecules
Work with drawings of molecules:
1.Color:
Oxygen - Red,
Nitrogen – Blue.
2. Cut out the drawings.
3. Title two large papers with the
four group of bio-molecules.
4. Paste the molecules according to
the slides’ prompts.
Are You READY??
Four titles on your large paper.
Proteins (amino acids)
Carbohydrates
(mono- disaccharides)
Lipids
Nucleic acids
(nucleotides)
Proteins are made of amino
acids. There are 20 different
amino acids, but all share the
following part:
I SPY amino acids!
O
N
O
Carbohydrates are made of small
sugars, singular or in chains.
Small sugars can look like a ring
or an open ring:
I SPY carbohydrates!
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
meet the -oses…
Amongst Lipids fatty acids are
long hydrocarbon chains, and
several cholesterol-shaped
molecules.
I SPY lipids!
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Nucleic Acids, such as DNA, are
made of nucleotides.
Nucleotides themselves are
N
rather complex:
N
N
I SPY
N
nucleotides
and their
parts!
N
N
O
O
O
N
O
O
O
O
O
N
Analysis:
1. List the four major types of
biomolecules, and for each –
name its parts / monomers.
2. For each type of monomer, name
two examples.
3. For each type of monomer –
draw the common part.
4. Which molecules here are made
of more than one subunit?
5. Which type is the most varied?
Observe the molecular models:
1.What do the marshmallows and
toothpicks represent?
2. How many bonds
(connections) do C, O, N and H
always make?
3. Write at least two facts that
describe a parts-whole
relationship.
A closer look at the molecules
Work with drawings of molecules:
1.Color:
Oxygen - Red,
Nitrogen – Blue.
2. Cut out the drawings.
Sort the drawings into FIVE groups.
3. Glue the grouped molecules onto
a paper, as organized as you can.
4. Give each group a title.
Journal
Observe the food pyramid:
1. What is the underlying message?
2. What do you expect to gain from
eating each of the food groups?
3. Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids,
Nucleic acids: Which food groups
provide them? (guess if needed)
4. Any questions about the pyramid?
Present!
Past…..
“We are what we eat!”
Four Major
biomolecules
Energy Materials
Source to Build
Our Cells
Vitamins
and
Minerals
In regards to yesterday’s model
building:
1. What did you learn that you
otherwise would not have
learned?
2. What questions do you have
about biomolecules? (None is
not accepted)?
3. Compare the two models – of a
polysaccharide, and a protein.
3-dimensional models:
Carbohydrates
1) Per group: build a glucose
molecule from the parts:
Carbon = black
Rule: no bond
Oxygen = Red
is left open!
Hydrogen = White
Bond = tube
2) Per class – connect to make a
cellulose!
Adding examples of to the brace
map:
Part
Whole
Part
examples
examples
Part
examples
examples
Apply to biomolecules…
Monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
starch
ribose glucose
cellulose
1. Copy the concept map.
Write at least three relationships
that can be learned from the map.
2. Draw the relationships
between: biomolecules, proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, N. Acids
Consider the items on your tray
(butter, apple, water, table salt,
paper, more…)
1.What chemicals do you think is
each one made of?
2. Categorize these items into
groups. Explain the criteria that
you used.
Concept Mapping:
‘A is part of B’
A
B
C
‘A and B are
examples of C’
A
B
Use to connect to at least 8
terms you’ve just learned.
Monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
starch
ribose glucose
cellulose
1. Copy the concept map.
Write at least three relationships
that can be learned from the map.
2. Draw the relationships
between: biomolecules, proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, N. Acids
Organisms are made of four main
types of molecules:
Subunits:
Amino Acids
Mono-Saccharides
Fatty acids + Glycerol
Nucleotides
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
The four major types of organic compounds (bio-molecules) of the cell:
(myoglobin
– the
muscle
protein)
Protein
(Starch)
Carbohydrate
(DNA)
Lipid
(Fats)
Nucleic
acid
“Proteins run
our life!”
Subunits:
Amino acids
20 kinds of
them:
R-Group
The order of amino acids
determines the 3 dimensional
shape of the folded protein:
(Each letter
represent a
different side
group)
The shape is critical
for the function of
the protein!
Carbohydrates – The fuels of life!
Subunits: Mono-saccharides
(pronounced: sacarides= sugars)
For example: Glucose, Ribose
PolySaccharides:
Lipids ‘draw’ the cell (by avoiding
water..)!
(Not a chain..)
Subunits:
Fatty
Acids,
glycerol
Cell
Membran
e:
Nucleic acids carry the
genetic information!
Subunits: Nucleotides (4),
A, C, G or T.
Stable!
C
A
T
G
Macromolecules:
Polymers, which are chains of
smaller molecules -
Monomers = Subunits
Using the arrow code (‘part of’,
‘example of’), organize the
following terms in one concept
map:
Use notes, Reader page 25-28
Amino acids, carbohydrates,
proteins, biomolecules, starch,
monosaccharides,
polysaccharides, glucose,
proteins, lipids, nucleic acids.
1. Which biomolecules did we
test in the lab? List them.
2. Which of the four types of
biomolecules does each of
them belong to?
3. Organize these molecules in a
concept map, using the arrow
code (‘part of’, ‘example of’).
Add other terms, if needed.
1. The English language contains
hundreds of thousand words. But
it uses only 26 letters.
How come?
Apply your answer to #1 to the
following:
2. All living things are made of
‘just’ four types of molecules.
How come living things differ so
much from one another?
1) Put in order from smallest to
largest:
atom
electron
human
Nucleus (of atom)
glucose
cell
starch disaccharide
From Neutron to hemoglobin
1) Put in order from smallest to
largest:
atom
electron
human
Nucleus (of atom)
glucose
cell
starch disaccharide
2) Add vocabulary words to the
index in your notebook.
From Neutron to hemoglobin
1.In the label from
the Granola box
– Which items
belongs to
which group of
biomolecules?
2. What questions
do you have
about food
labels?
Food Label –
Continued.
Which
biomolecule
is this?
1.Macromolecule: ?
2.Subunit: ?
3. Function (at least one) ?
1.Macromolecule: ?
2.Subunit: ?
3. Function: (at least one) ?
1.Macromolecule: ?
2.Subunit: ?
3. Function: (at least one) ?
1.Macromolecule: ? 2.Subunit: ?
3. Function: (at
least one) ?
Condensation Synthesis
Protein Synthesis
Carbohydrates: Condensation
and Hydrolysis
Lipids (Triglycerides) - Synthesis
Cartoon: Water Elimination
Source of picture
Source of picture
What is it
made of?
Which parts
of the
hamburger
are made of
living
organisms?
How can you
tell?