Industry and Urban Growth
Kristen Hall
Thesis
• To educate the class on the rapid industrial
growth of the United States from 1865 to
1915.
Industrial Revolution
• Steel and Oil
• Railroad Boom
• Inventors and inventions
– Edison’s Invention Factory
– Communications
– Devices for Home and Office
Industrial Revolution
• Transportation Revolution
– Henry Ford
• Assembly Line
• Wright Brothers
– Orville and Wilbur Wright
• Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
BB & OL
• Corporation
– Stockholders
• Banking
– Lent amounts of capital
to corporations
• Trusts
– Free Enterprise
• Andrew Carnegie
– Immigrant
– Steel industry
• J.D. Rockefeller
– Immigrant
– Oil refinery
BB & OL
• Social Darwinism
– Charles Darwin
– “survival of the fittest”
• Women and Children
– Sweatshops
• Dangerous Conditions
– Fibers and Dust
– Molten metal
– Fires
• Workers Organize
BB & OL
• Knights of labor
– Admitted women,
African Americans,
immigrants, and
unskilled workers.
• Women in Labor
– Mary Harris Jones
• AFL
– Skilled workers only
• Women in Labor
Movement
• Strikes
Growing Cities
• Urbanization
1860- 1/5th | 1890- 1/3rd
• City dweller
New York | San Francisco
• Cities ↔ Industry ↔ People
• New Technology
– Elevated trains
– Electric subway
– Electric streetcar
• Skyscraper
– Chicago; 10-story
Growing City Problems
• Tenement Life
• Improving City Life
• Settlement Houses
Excitement in the Cities
• Department Stores
– Allowed people to get all goods in one store
• Leisure Activities
– People valued free time because of their the long
work hours
– Visited Orchestra, art galleries, theatres, circuses
– Parks, zoos, and gardens in the city
Sports
•Baseball
Cincinnati Red
Stockings in 1869
•Soccer
Massachusetts
•Basketball
Winter sport
•Football
44 college players died
of injuries
1882 American Association
Champions Cincinnati Reds
Immigrants
• Migration
– Italy  farmland shrunk as the population swelled
– Turkey and Russia  escape from religious
persecution
– Mexico  political unrest within the country
• Immigrants came to the United States
searching for the promise of freedom
“The New Immigrants”
• Southern and Eastern Europe
– Italy, Poland, Russia, and Greece
– Catholic or Jewish
• Fewer immigrants
from the Pacific and Asia
Video  Ellis Island
America and immigrant
neighborhoods
• Immigrants had been crammed in steerage
– Breeding grounds for disease and rough seas
sickened travelers
• Once admitted to the U.S.
– Settled in cities/ethnic neighborhoods
• Sidewalks would fill the streets with all types of
languages
• Brought back traditions from the old country such as
Kielbasa and Goulash
Finally becoming an American
• Assimilation
– Becoming part of another culture
• Children assimilated easier than adults because of the
English-speakers in school.
• Contributions
– Worked in steel mills, meatpacking plants, mines,
and garment sweatshops
– Chinese, Irish, and Mexicans laid railroads in the
west.
Education and Culture
• Compulsory education is the requirement that
children attend school up to a certain age.
• 8:00A.M. to 4:00P.M.
• Adults got more opportunity to widen their
knowledge by having local libraries.
Realism and Mark Twain
• Realists emphasized the harsh truth of life.
Jack London wrote of miners and sailors who
worked hard for little money
• Mark Twain wrote books about people who
worked along the Mississippi River
The Newspaper
• More Americans could read
– Cities needed newspapers to stay informed with
all the events
• Joseph Pulitzer
– New York World
– The Yellow Kid
• Tough but sweet slum boy who became the first
popular American comic strip
Works Cited
• http://www.oldhouseweb.com/architecture-and-design/a-museum-totenement-life.shtml
• http://www.eccchistory.org/BurdenFireWagon2.jpg
• Davidson, James West and Michael B. Stoff. America History of Our Nation:
Civil War to Present. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007
• “Industrialization and Reform.” The USA online. Active USA Center. May
13th, 2009. http://www.theusaonline.com/history/industrilazation.htm
• R, Gawaine. “What effect did industrial growth of the late 1800’s have on
urban living?.” Yahoo! Answers. 2007. Yahoo!. May 12, 2009.
http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070719153519AAtnaGd