An Era of Reform
CH 6.3 and 6.4
Reforming Social Institutions
• Dorothea Dix
– Prison Reform
– Establishment of Mental Institutions
• Lyman Beecher
– Citizens, not the Government should reform
society.
• Benevolent Society
– First form of Welfare
– Spread the word of God, Worked on Social Issues
Temperance Movement
•
•
•
•
Alcohol the root cause of all social problems
Temperance: Moderation in consumption
American Temperance Union
Main 1851 1st state to prohibit the sale of
Alcohol.
Prison Reform
• Horrible Prison Conditions
• Rehabilitate Rather than locking them up.
• Penitentaries: New prison who’s purpose was
to rehabilitate
Educational Reform
• Electoral needs to be educated for republic to
survive
• Horace Mann: leader of the Public Education
movement
– State Board of Ed. Massachusetts.
Education for Women
• Education still reserved for men
• Emma Willard Girls school in Vermont
• Mary Lyon, Female Seminary in Mass.
Women Seek Greater Rights
• “True Womanhood”
• Margaret Fuller: equal treatment of men and
women ends social injustice
• Seneca Falls Convention
– Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott
– Anti-Slavery
– “Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions
– Women should Focus on Gaining the Right to Vote
Abolitionist Movement
• Movement to End Slavery in the US
• Pitted North against the South
How to end slavery?
• Gradualism
– Slavery had to be ended
gradually
– Slave holders
compensated for their
losses
– South’s Economy have
time to recover
• Colonization
– Send Africans back to
Africa
– America Colonization
Society.
Abolition
• Enslaved Africans Freed Immediately
• No gradual measures, no compensation
William Lloyd Garrison
• Liberator – Boston Anti Slavery Newspaper
• Attacked constitution for not condemning
slavery.
• “The Time for moderation is over!”
• American Anti-Slavery Society
– Grew to 250,000 Members
Other Abolitionists
• Women Activists
– Prudence Crandall
– Lucretia Mott
• African American Activists
– Fredrick Douglas
• North Star
• Narrative of the life of Fredrick Douglass
– Sojourner Truth
• Former Slave
• Grew Huge Crowds when Speaking
Reactions to the Abolitionist
Movement
North
• Some backlash against
abolition.
• Afraid of….
– War with South
– Immigration of freed slaves to
the North
South
• “Peculiar Institution”
• Defended Slavery
– A Slave Receives
• Housing
• Food
• Religion
• Blamed Abolitionist papers
for Slave revolts
– Nat Turner
Home Work
• Vocabulary
–
–
–
–
Gradualism
Abolition
Emancipation
American Colonization
Society
– William Lloyd Garrison
– Fredrick Douglass
– Sojourner Truth
• North Carolina End of
Corse Test Practice P.
249 1-19
• Quiz Tomorrow
• All Vocab for this week
due tomorrow.
• Test moved to Next
Friday, Note books will
be checked and graded
at that time.