And There are More!!!
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Papaya
Bougainvillea
Boerhavia sp
Centrosema sp
Kosteletzkya sp.
M. atropurpureum
Bastardia viscosa
J. multifeda
Synedrella nodiflora
1
History of Geminiviruses in Jamaica
• First virus identified was
BGYMV infecting:
– Red peas (Phaseolus
vulgaris)
– Board beans (lima
bean: P. lunatus)
• Most of the red peas in
the Sunday rice and
peas and red peas soup
is imported
2
Geminiviruses in Tomato and Pepper
• The most destructive
virus was TYLCV
(jherri curl virus)
– Tomato
– Scotch bonnet pepper
• TDLCV
– Tomato, Scotch bonnet
pepper
Geminiviruses in Tomato: Solution
• Resistant and tolerant varieties
of tomato:
– Gemstar
– Gempear
– Gempride
– Adonis
• Peppers: no resistant and
tolerant varieties
4
The Problem: Cabbage
Farmers in Douglas
Castle, St. Ann
complained of whitefly
infestation on cabbage
plants.
Affected cabbage plants
were collected and
tested for whiteflytransmitted
geminiviruses.
The Solution: Cabbage
Cabbage plants with
severe leaf curling and
infected with 2
geminiviruses: cabbage
leaf curl (Jamaica) virus
(CabLCV and CabLCJV).
95% loss yield
900% ↑ importation
 Florida and Georgia, USA
Solution: tolerant variety
Tropicana
Viruses in Weeds
• MaYMV-[JM]:
• M. lathyroides
• Scotch bonnet
pepper
• Red pea
• “Bush doctor” not
“plant doctor”
7
How
do this
research
Howdo
Theywe
do That?:
The Methodology
Hybridization BGYMV Probe
9
Geminivirus PCR
2.0 kb
1.5 kb
1.0 kb
10
Diversity PCR
0.5 kb
11
12
Principal investigator: Dr. Marcia E. Roye
Collaborators: Professor Peter Figueroa, Dr Russell
Pierre (UHWI)
Dr Icolyn Amarakoon (BMS)
Dr J. Carr and L. Eyzaguirre (Institute of Human
Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine)
Postgraduate students: Cindy-Leigh Hamilton, Adriel
Ramikssoon
The Global Impact of HIV
HIV in Jamaica
Research Objectives
55 samples from HIV
infected children were
collected by clinician,
plasma was extracted .
QIAamp Kit (Qiagen,
Valencia, CA)
Super Script III Reverse
Transcriptase kit
(Invitrogen, Carsbad, CA)
Results
Case
Study I.D.
1004UH0010
Pro-RT
Amplified Sequenced Subtype
YES
YES
B
NRTI
M41L, T69D, L74I, V118I,
M184V, L210W, T215Y,
K219R
NNRTI
PI
K103N
V32I, L33F,
M46I, I47V,
I54L, L90M
Outcome
Overview
• What is science?
• What is biotechnology?
• Modern biotechnology and genetic
engineering
• Extraction of genes (DNA) at home
• Plant virus (geminivirus) research in Jamaica
• HIV research in Jamaica
• Other scientists in the Biotechnology Centre
22
Questions