Muscular
System
NEUROLOGICALLY-RELATED TERMS
DR. PETERSON
Dystonia
Neurological
Disorders
Cerebral, spinal or cerebellar disorders
Muscular dystrophy (MD)
Myasthenia gravis (MG)
Other movement terms related to Parkinson’s disease & tremors
Terms related to dystonia
Dystonia
Torticollis
dyston
-ia
difficult
tone, tension
condition
tort/i
twisted
-collis
neck
Dystonia
Continuous, intermittent contraction of many muscles,
making body part turn, eventually in a fixed way
Dystonia
Spasmodic torticollis (focal dystonia)
Dystonia
Blepharospasm - spasmodic winking of the eyelids
Meige Syndrome - Forceful dystonic spasms of the face, in
particular when trying to speak or to eat
Henry Meige (1866-1940)
Dystonia
Writer’s cramp
Scott Adams, and his creation Dilbert
Dystonia
Cramping of Parkinson’s disease
Voice dystonias (3 types):
Abductor spasmodic dystonia
Adductor spasmodic dystonia
Mixed
Dystonia
Rx: botulinum toxin; dopamine (this may be a dopamine
responsive dyskinesia)
Terms related to cerebral, spinal or
cerebellar disorders
Myoparesis
Polyplegia
Spasticity
Ataxia
(Dysdiadochokinesia)
my/o
-paresis
poly-plegia
spastic
-ity
a-taxia
muscle
weakness
many
stroke, paralysis
convulsive
condition
lack of
order (coordination)
diadocho
succeeding
Can you determine what
dysdiadochokinesia means?
Terms related to MD or MG
Muscular dystrophy (MD)
Myasthenia gravis (MG)
Neuromyopathic
dys-trophy
dys-trophy
my
-asthenia
gravis
-ic
difficult
nourishment, development
difficult
nourishment, development
muscle
weakness
grave
pertaining to
Does neur/o refer to the
nervous system, nerve, or
atypical (as in neurosis)?
Terms associated with plexus, nerve root
or peripheral nerve disorders
Atrophy
Atonic
Flaccid
Terms associated with plexus, nerve root
or peripheral nerve disorders
Myokinesis (Example: fasciculations)
-kinesis
motion
Association with:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig’s disease
Spinal cord disorders
Peripheral nerve disorders (carpal tunnel syndrome), nerve root disorders (herniation)
Normal individuals
Other movement terms
Bradykinesia
Hyperkinesia
brady-
slow
a. nervous system
Does neur/o refer
to the nervous
system, nerve, or
atypical (as in
neurosis)?
b. nerve
c. atypical
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where I was
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Image Credits
Nerve root: http://secondopinion-spine.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/cervical-herniateddisc.gif
Robin Williams: http://cdn.abclocal.go.com/content/kgo/images/cms/254601_630x354.jpg
Cover: http://www.nerdtests.com/picsarea/2f597263b71b32c9d2a85c1427a038ce.jpg
Gahrrr: http://wac.450f.edgecastcdn.net/80450F/screencrush.com/files/2014/05/roar2.jpg
I Sorry: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-mPf_GrHGC0/Tcn2uEjUGvI/AAAAAAAAAGo/y3ctIhyO9yk/s1600/im-sorry+copy.jpg
Correct:
http://year9sciencerevision.wikispaces.com/file/view/correct.png/102087585/533x382/correct.
png