• Slavery in the United states started as early as the
16th century.
• The first dark skinned slaves arrived in America in
Virginia in 1619 aboard a Dutch vessel.
• From 1500 to 1900 approximately 12 million slaves
were forced from their homes to go westward
•
only 10 million were able to complete the trip
because of the poor living conditions on the boats.
• Sojourner Truth was a name Isabelle Baumfree gave
herself in 1843 she was an African- American abolitionist
as well as a women's right activist .
•
Truth was born into slavery but was able to escape with
her and her infant daughter in 1826.
•
After she went to court to recover her son she became
the first black person to win such a case against a white
man.
• She then began to speak openly on racial inequalities her best known speech is
“aint I a women“. This speech was delivered at the women’s right convention in
Akron Ohio.
• During the civil war Sojourner truth helped recruit black troops for the union army
• After the war she tried but was unsuccessful to secure land grants from the federal
government for former slaves
• Harriet Tubman was born into life as a slave
• Harriet was able to escape and then returned
to rescue the rest of her family
• After she made a total of 13 trips back
rescuing more than 70 slaves
•
She is most famous for the underground
railroad which is a network of antislavery
activists and safe houses
• Was a network of secret routes and safe houses used by
19th black slaves.
• The slaves tried to escape in to free states and Canada
with the help of abolitionist and allies who were
sympathetic to their situation
•
Some estimate that by 1850 approximately 100,000
slaves had escaped via the underground railroad
• The civil war was fought between 11 states that wanted to continue slavery
and brake away from America and form their own country and the other 25
states who supported the federal government and wanted to abolish
slavery.
•
After four years of fighting the north finally won and slavery was outlawed
everywhere in the nation.
• Started in the 1890’s through to the 1950’s
•
Southern states passed laws designed to prevent black citizens from
improving their status or achieving equality.
•
Jim Crow laws were used mainly in public places to segregate the blacks
from the whites.
•
examples of Jim Crow laws include separate schools or classrooms for
black students and different washrooms for blacks . These are just a few of
many different laws that varied between states.
•
Plessy v ferguson is a well known supreme court case.
•
Homer plessy was charged with violating the separate car act
•
The judge on the case john Howard Ferguson ruled that it was ok that the state of
Louisiana controlled the rail road as long as they operated within state boundaries.
•
The decision handed down via a 7 to 1 vote was separate but equal.
•
The Ku Klux Klan known as the KKK is a hate group that believes in white
supremacy, white nationalism and anti- immigration
•
The KKK flourished in the south in the 1860’s but died out by the 1870’s,
members adopted white costumes consisting of robes, masks and hats.
• The KKK rouse back up and became nation wide, they started burning crosses
and were opposing the civil rights movement.
• It is estimated that the KKK has between 3,000 and 5,000 members today
•
William Edward Burghardt “W.E.B” graduated from Harvard university were he
was the first African American to earn a doctorate.
•
He became a professor of history, sociology and economics at the of
university of Atlanta.
•
Du Bois rose to prominence when he became leader of the Niagara
movement, a group of African American activists that wanted equal rights for
blacks.
• Du Bois strongly protested lynching, Jim Crow laws and discrimination in
education and employment.
•
Jackie Robinson was the first black man to play in baseballs modern era
(MLB) breaking the colour barrier in 1947.
•
Jackie had to endear a lot of verbal and physical abuse on and off the field
•
Jackie was instrumental in bringing an end to segregation in baseball.
•
Although many people think Jackie Robinson is the first black man to play
professional baseball it was actually Moses Fleetwood Walker who played in
the 1880s before the negro league came about
•
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent leader in the African- American civil
rights movement .
•
He is best know for his advancements in civil rights using nonviolent methods
• In 1955 he led the Montgomery bus boycott , at the end of the boycott blacks
where allowed to sit anywhere they wanted.
• On august 28 1963 MLK delivered on of the best speeches ever, his “I have
dream” speech was 17 minutes long in which King called for racial equality and
it was a defining moment in the civil rights movement
• This was a supreme course case which declared that state laws establishing
separate public schools for black and whites was unconstitutional.
•
The decision overturned the Plessy vs. Ferguson law which allowed state
sponsored segregation.
•
The unanimous 9-0 decision stated that separate educational facilities are un
equal .
•
This case paved the way for integration and the civil rights movement
•
The civil rights movement was aimed at getting rid of racial discrimination
against blacks and restoring their right to vote
•
It ran from 1955-1968 mainly in the south
•
The movement was characterized by major campaigns and non violent
protests
•
In 1964 the civil rights act was passed that outlawed major forms of
discrimination
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpcJN2c_FWI
http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/wahl.slavery.us
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sojourner_Truth
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet_Tubman
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_Railroad
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War
http://americanradioworks.publicradio.org/features/remembering/laws.
html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plessy_v._Ferguson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie_Robinson
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AfricanAmerican_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1955%E2%80%931968)