Bacteria and viruses group 1
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which of the following is true?
a. All bacteria are harmful.
b. All bacteria help the environment and people.
c. Some bacteria are good and some are harmful.
d. Bacteria are not necessary for life on Earth.
2. When bacteria reproduce by binary fission,
a. two cells produce a third cell.
b. two cells produce two more cells.
c. one cell produces two cells.
d. one cell produces three or more cells.
3. A way to prevent viral infections is through
a. genetic engineering.
c. antibiotics.
b. bioremediation.
d. vaccinations.
4. What organism can live where nothing else lives?
a. viruses
c. cyanobacteria
b. eubacteria
d. archaebacteria
5. All bacteria have
a. one cell.
c. three cells.
b. two cells.
d. four or more cells.
6. Which of the following is NOT a shape of bacteria?
a. crystal
c. cocci
b. spirilla
d. bacilli
7. Which of the following is NOT a shape of viruses?
a. crystal
c. sphere
b. spirilla
d. cylinder
8. What is one function that viruses share with living things?
a. They eat.
c. They reproduce.
b. They move.
d. They grow.
9. Viruses reproduce by
a. nitrogen fixation.
b. the lysogenic cycle and the lytic cycle.
c. the lytic cycle only.
d. binary fission.
10. What type of medicine is used to kill bacteria?
a. antiviral
c. vaccine
b. insulin
d. antibiotic
11. Which of the following is an example of bioremediation?
a. using microorganisms to clean up an oil spill
b. using bacteria to make yogurt
c. creating plants that are resistant to bacteria
d. adding nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the soil before planting crops
12. Which do antiviral medicines do?
a. kill bacteria
c. stop viruses from reproducing
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b. kill viruses
d. cure viral infections
Which of the following is NOT a common shape of bacteria?
a. spirilla
c. bacilli
b. cocci
d. crystal
A cell with no nucleus is called a(n)
a. prokaryote.
c. host.
b. endospore.
d. eukaryote.
Which of the following is NOT a common shape of viruses?
a. crystal
c. cylinder
b. cocci
d. sphere
How many cells do bacteria have?
a. one
c. three
b. two
d. four or more
How do bacteria help the environment?
a. Bacteria keep nitrogen away from plants.
b. Bacteria recycle dead animals and plants.
c. Bacteria cause disease.
d. Bacteria cause cavities.
How do viruses reproduce?
a. by means of the lytic cycle
b. by means of the lysogenic cycle
c. by means of the lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle
d. by means of binary fission
What organism can live where no other organisms live?
a. archaebacteria
c. cyanobacteria
b. eubacteria
d. viruses
Which of the following is a shape of bacteria?
a. sphere
c. oval
b. bacilli
d. cylinder
Which of the following is a shape of viruses?
a. crystal
c. spirilla
b. cocci
d. bacilli
What is one way to prevent viral infections?
a. bioremediation
c. vaccinations
b. genetic engineering
d. antibiotics
What is one way viruses are like living things?
a. They eat.
c. They grow.
b. They move.
d. They reproduce.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. endospore
b. eukaryote
c. cynobacteria
d. eubacteria
e. archaebacteria
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j.
binary fission
prokaryote
flagella
methane maker
heat lover
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reproduction in which a single-celled organism splits into two single-celled organisms
a type of archaebacteria that lives in swamps and animal intestines
hairlike parts of bacteria that help them move around
a thick-walled spore containing genetic material and proteins that forms inside a bacterial cell
an organism with a nucleus
the most common kind of bacteria
a single-celled organism with no nucleus
bacteria that contain the green pigment chlorophyll
bacteria that often live in harsh environments
a type of archaebacteria that lives in ocean vents and hot springs
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. antibiotic
b. pathogenic bacteria
c. genetic engineering
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the use of microorganisms to treat hazardous waste
the process in which bacteria change nitrogen in the air into a form that plants can use
bacteria that cause disease
the sugar in milk
medicine used to treat many bacterial diseases
changes in the genes of bacteria or other living things
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. oxygen
b. lytic cycle
c. host
d. protein coat
e. antibiotics
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d. nitrogen fixation
e. lactose
f. bioremediation
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h.
i.
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shape
antiviral
virus
vaccinations
lysogenic cycle
a microscopic particle that gets inside a cell and often destroys it
a cycle in which a virus’s genes live in a host but are inactive
the substance that protects a virus’s genetic material and helps it get inside a cell
a way to prevent viral infections
a cycle in which a virus attacks a host and causes it to make viruses
something viruses cannot use
one way viruses are grouped
medicine that does not kill viruses
a living thing that a virus or parasite lives on or in
a type of medicine that keeps viruses from reproducing
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. decomposers
b. prokaryote
c. producers
____ 50. an organism that cannot live on its own
____ 51. eubacteria that make their own food
____ 52. bacteria that break down dead organisms
d. eubacteria
e. virus
f. cyanobacteria
____ 53. an organism with no nucleus
____ 54. bacteria that contain chlorophyll
____ 55. the most common type of bacteria
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. virus
b. host
c. pathogenic bacteria
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thick-walled cells in which bacteria store genetic material
an organism that invades a cell and uses it to create more organisms
bacteria that cause disease
use of bacteria to change harmful chemicals to harmless ones
type of cell in which viruses reproduce
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. prokaryote
b. virus
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c. pathogenic bacteria
d. host
bacteria that cause disease
an organism without a nucleus
a tiny organism that invades a cell and destroys it
a living thing that a virus lives on or in
Match each item with the correct statement.
a. antivirals
b. antibiotics
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d. endospores
e. bioremediation
c. vaccinations
d. bioremediation
medicines that kill bacteria
medicines that keep viruses from reproducing
changing harmful chemicals to harmless ones
a way to prevent viral infections
Short Answer
69. Explain how the first plant cell could have evolved with the help of bacteria.
70. Describe three ways that bacteria are helpful.
71. How are viruses like and unlike living things?
72. Define bioremediation.
73. What advantage do cocci-shaped bacteria have over bacilli-shaped bacteria?
74. Which organism do you think is more dangerous, a virus or a bacterium? Explain your answer.
75. If life existed on other planets, what type of organism do you think it would most likely be?
Essay
76. What technological advances have triggered the spread of viruses? Explain your answer.
77. Hypothesize why antibiotics can kill bacteria but do not kill viruses.
78. Imagine you were having a conversation with a person who had never heard of viruses. Explain what you
would tell them about the importance of preventing infections from viruses.