Mr. Clifford
US 1
 The Dutch settle New Netherland; English
Quakers led by William Penn settle Pennsylvania.
 The principles of tolerance and equality
promoted in the Quaker settlement remain
fundamental values in America.
 William Penn
 New Netherland
 Proprietor
 Quakers
ONE AMERICAN’S STORY
“For matters of liberty and privilege, I propose that which is
extraordinary, and [I intend] to leave myself and successors no
power for doing mischief, [in order] that the will of one man may
not hinder the good of a whole country; but to publish those
things now and here, as matters stand, would not be wise. . . . ”
—William Penn - quoted in A New World
How did William Penn’s father enable him to
establish the colony of Pennsylvania?
Why did Penn want to establish a colonial
government run on Quaker principles?
How was Penn’s colonial government different than
Jamestown & Massachusetts Bay Colony?
 Diverse Colony
 Dutch settled along Hudson river & established a thriving
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fur trade and trading post in present day Albany.
1621: Dutch government gave permission to Dutch West
India Company to colonize ‘New Netherlands’ & expand the
fur trade.
New Netherlands included (New York & New Jersey)
New Amsterdam (New York City) was named capital of New
Netherlands.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AICWljujdg&list=PLU
_xjG_HyOyCS-kMWNb9Yzr4WtD7odcqI
 Dutch West India Company encouraged settlers
from Europe to settle in New Netherlands. Dutch,
Germans, Scandinavians, Africans (free &
enslaved), and made up colony.
 All religions were welcome: Protestants,
Catholics, Jews, Muslims
 New Netherlands became known as ‘Great
Confusion of Tongues’ because of its diverse
population.
 Dutch & Native Americans traded and got along
well.
 England believed that the Dutch had created a
‘Dutch Wedge’ between New England & MidAtlantic colonies.
 The Duke of York was ordered by the King of
England to invade colony and drive Dutch out.
 Most settlers refused to fight against the British
so Stuyvesant reluctantly signed the colony over
the James ‘Duke of York’- who eventually became
King James II.
 ‘Duke of York’ renamed colony New York and gave
friends lands west of the Hudson which was
named New Jersey.
 King Charles II owed money to his supporters in
England. (e.g. William Penn’s father was owed 16,000
pounds)
 Instead of monetary payment, King Charles II gave
William Penn, who was a Quaker, a large property in
America and requested that William name the colony
after his father: Pennsylvania.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LewnnInReP8
What’s a Quaker?
Quakers: believed that God’s ‘inner light’
shined on everyone.
Services were held without formal
ministers
People could speak during the
service if the ‘Holy Spirit’ moved
them
 Quakers dressed in plain clothes
 Refused to defer to persons of ‘rank’
 They opposed war & refused to
serve in the British military
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They were persecuted in Britain for their
religious views.
Quakers
 William Penn wanted to create a society based on
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Quaker ideals.
Penn’s ‘Holy Experiment’ was to create a colony that
had absolutely NO LANDOWNING ARISTOCRACY.
Every adult male received 50 acres of land when
coming to Pennsylvania
All men could vote
Government would be a ‘representative assembly’
Representative Assembly supported ‘religious
freedom’.
Capital of Pennsylvania was called Philadelphia –
‘The City of Brotherly Love’
 Penn believed - people approached in friendship
would respond in friendship.
 Penn regulated trade between the Native
Americans and settlers to ensure trade was fair &
honest.
 Penn provided a court comprised of colonists &
Native Americans to settle differences
 Relationship between settlers & Native Americans
was peaceful for 50 years.
 Penn needed to attract settlers (farmers, builders,
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traders) to ensure the colony would thrive.
Penn advertised throughout Western Europe. Signs
written in German, French, & Dutch were printed in
newspapers.
Settlers came in numbers, including thousands of
Germans who brought with them craft skills, and
farming techniques that helped the colony thrive.
Quakers in Pennsylvania were heavily outnumbered
and slavery was eventually brought to the colony.
Penn’s principles of equality, cooperation, and
religious tolerance would eventually become the
fundamental values of the new American nation.
Colony
Founded
Economic Activity
Massachusetts
Plymouth 1620 / Mass. Bay 1630
New Hampshire
1623
Shipbuilding, shipping, fishing, lumber, rum,
meat products
Ship masts, lumber, fishing, trade
Connecticut
1636
Shipping, livestock, foodstuffs
Rhode Island
1636
Rum, iron foundries, shipbuilding, snuff,
livestock
New York
1625
Furs, wheat, glass, shoes, livestock, shipping, shipbuilding,
rum, beer, snuff
Delaware
1638
Trade, foodstuffs
New Jersey
1664
Trade, foodstuffs, copper
Pennsylvania
1681
Flour, foodstuffs, paper, iron, wheat, flax,
shipbuilding
Virginia
1607
Tobacco, wheat, cattle, iron
Maryland
1632
Tobacco, wheat, snuff
North Carolina
1663
Naval supplies, tobacco, furs
South Carolina
1663
Rice, indigo, silk
Georgia
1732
Indigo, rice, naval supplies, lumber