Walk-In
 Quietly
study your notes while roll is
being taken.
 When instructed, put everything away in
your backpack, except your pencil and
put up your privacy folder
 Remember to keep your eyes on your
own paper!
 Be sure to use the bolded vocabulary
words in your answer for essay question
#18 & 19!
Write in complete sentences and use
proper punctuation!
When you are finished, place your
test in your privacy folder and fold it
up.
Put your pencil away and take out
your red pen or crayon.
Quietly read or rest until everyone is
finished
Follow the directions for correcting
the matching section
Hand in your test!
Walk-In
 Copy
the question and answer in
sentences:
How
do you think
scientists know facts
about the ocean and its
lifeforms?
Possible Answers
 Scientists
have dived below the
ocean surface to observe and collect
samples.
 Engineers have created vehicles that
can go deep into the ocean to
observe.
 Researchers at the shoreline have
observed waves, shore life and
weather.
What do we know about the
oceans?
 Watch
this video clip about the oceans,
its mysteries and its lifeforms!
How do we know all this?!?
 The
branch of science called…
Oceanography
(Write this as a title for
today’s work!)
“Water World”
Oceanography
“…is
the application of
science to the study of
phenomena in the oceans”.
Why Study Oceanography?
 Oceans
comprise (make up) 71% of the
Earth’s surface
 Oceans contain 97% of the water on or
near the Earth’s surface
 Oceans can be a source of food
 Used for transportation and travel
 Oceans have a major effect on weather
 They provide resources near the
shoreline (food, plants, minerals).
Read: Areas of Study
Oceanography has different
branches that study the
water, rocks at the bottom,
wave movement, and life
forms.
Write down each branch and
its main functions…
Geological Oceanography
(Marine Geology)
- Study of rocks and sediments of the
ocean floor, and how they form.
Physical Oceanography
- How and why ocean currents flow, how
waves form by the wind, climate, and
weather systems.
Chemical Oceanography
- Composition of sea water, chemicals that
change it, and effects of marine pollution.
Biological Oceanography
(Marine Biology)
- Studies organisms that live in the oceans
and their relationships to the environment.
Ocean Engineering
- Design and use
of oceanographic
instruments and
vehicles to
explore the
ocean.
Which branch of
oceanography?
Look
at each slide
coming up and decide
which part of
oceanography is being
studied.
Which branch studies the temperatures and
climate? (Click for answer!)
Physical oceanography!
Which branch of oceanography focuses on
weather systems? Click for answer!
Physical oceanography!
Which branch studies wave motion?
Physical oceanography!
Which branch of oceanography studies
marine life and food chains? Click for answer
Biological oceanography!
Which branch of oceanography
studies the rocks on the ocean floor?
 Geological
oceanography
Which branch observes different
kinds of ocean creatures?
 Biological
oceanography
Which branch examines the
composition of ocean water?
 Chemical
oceanography
Which branch develops vehicles to
explore the ocean?
 Oceanographic
engineering
Exploring the Oceans
 Researchers
use SUBMERSIBLES
(small vehicles that can go under water)
to explore the ocean and its floor.
 Submersibles have to withstand very
high pressure from the water, and very
cold temperatures.
 They need powerful lights, and a
reliable oxygen supply for the
researchers.
What does a submersible do?
Watch
this video clip of
“Alvin”, a submersible built
in 1964 and named after its
creator, Allyn Vine.
Alvin has made more than
4,700 dives for research!
Design and draw a
submersible!
 In
your notebook, draw a large
diagram of a submersible YOU
would design.
 Label the parts of it, such as lights,
seating areas, viewing windows,
moveable arms, oxygen tanks, and
other things needed to make it
work!
Summary:
What is Oceanography?
 Broad
science focused on the oceans
– Geology/geophysics, chemistry, physics,
biology, engineering
 Highly
collaborative (work together)
 We are still exploring (!) but …
 Feeds also into ocean policy,
management, and conservation