PSE4U
Exercise Science Unit Test Review
Basic Terminology
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The anatomical position
The anatomical planes (frontal, transverse and sagittal)
The anatomical axes (horizontal, longitudinal, antero-posterior)
Basic movements involving a joint
o Flexion and Extension
o Abduction and Adduction
o Internal and external rotation
o Circumduction
o Supination and Pronation
o Inversion and eversion
o Protraction and retraction
o Elevation and depression
o Opposition and reposition
The Skeletal System
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How many bones in the human skeleton?
Main functions of the skeletal system
Structure of Skeleton
o Axial and appendicular skeleton
Five types of bones
o Give an example of each
Anatomy of a long bone (page 12)
Anterior and Posterior bones of the human skeleton (pages 14-15)
Bone formation and remodeling (page 29)
Types of fractures and diseases (pages 30-31)
The Muscular System
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How many muscles are in the human body?
Types of muscle
o Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
o Define and give an example of each
The neuromuscular junction
o Diagram page 34
The motor unit
o Page 35 of text
o See slideshow as well
Anatomy of skeletal muscle
PSE4U
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o Perimysium, epimysium, endomysium, muscle fibre, myofibril
How are muscles named?
o Action, direction, location, number of heads/divisions, shape, attachment
Origin and Insertion of Muscles
o Review tables in your notes
o Know 3 different muscles and their origin, insertion, function
Types of Muscle Contraction
o Concentric, eccentric, isometric
Muscle Contraction During exercise
o Isotonic, isometric and isokinetic
o Advantages and disadvantages of each
Sliding Filament Theory
o Review page 40 or see slideshow
o Know the chemicals, proteins that are involved
o Role of calcium
Muscle Fibre response to training
Muscles of the human body pages 44-45
Joint Mechanics and Injuries
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Types of joints
o Fibrous, cartiliganous, synovial
o Types of synovial joints – examples of each
o Pages 69-71
Common sport injuries
o Tissue properties
o Tears, sprains and strains
o Tendinitis
o Dislocations/separations
o Cartilage damage
o Shin splints
Treatment of an injury
PIER principle and SHARP
Pages 75-79 specific joint injuries
MAKE SURE TO REVIEW ALL ARTICLES OF COURSE WEBSITE AS THIS INFORMATION MAY BE ON THE TEST
AS WELL.
Test Breakdown – Multiple Choice, Fill in the blanks, diagrams, short answer, long answer