MILLER FALL PROTECTION
Confined Space Presentation
Bob Wengryn
Fall Protection Sales Manager
1
BACKGROUND
 District Sales Manager
 16 Years Experience
 Competent Person Certification
 OSHA 30 Hour Certification
 Confined Space Certification
 FEATURED SPEAKER; ASSE, MBA, AGC,
SIA, W.V. SAFETY SHOW, W. P.A. SAFETY
SHOW, AIST
2
TOPICS TO BE COVERED
 Why Such A Big Issue?
 Confined Space Program Requirements
 What Is A Confined Space / Identify
 Evaluate Hazards
 Establish Protection Procedures To
Control Hazards
 Written Program & Permit Process For
Entry
3
WHY SUCH A BIG ISSUE?
Confined Space Hazards that cause fatalities
 47% Air (Oxygen, Gases, Vapors)
 21% Drowning (Engulfment)
 19% Toxic (Liquids, Vapors, etc above PEL)
 10% Blunt Force Trauma
 2% Electrocution (Mostly due to objects brought in)
 1% Burns
 NOTE: 60% OF THE ANNUAL CONFINED SPACE DEATHS ARE NOT
THE ENTRANT.
4
CONFINED SPACE PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
5
•
•
Identify all confined spaces
•
Establish protection procedures
to control hazards
•
Set up written program and permit
procedures for entering
Evaluate confined spaces for
hazards
WHAT IS A CONFINED SPACE?
 Is large enough and so
configured that an employee
can bodily enter and perform
assigned work; And
 Has limited or restricted means
for entry or exit; And
 Is not designed for continuous
employee occupancy
6
PERMIT REQUIRED CONFINED SPACE
 A confined space that has one or
more of the following:
 Contains or has a potential to
contain a hazardous atmosphere;
 Contains a material that has the
potential for engulfing an entrant;
 Has an internal configuration such
that an entrant could be trapped or
asphyxiated; or
 Contains any other recognized
serious safety or health hazard
7
Examples of Confined Spaces
 Open-Topped Water Tanks
 Sewer and Underground Pump Stations
 Wastewater Holding Tanks
 Degreasing Tanks
 Grain Silos
 Sawdust Silos
 Railroad Tank Cars
 Tanker Trucks
 Trenches / Trench boxes
8
EVALUATE HAZARDS – ATMOSPHERIC TESTING
 Tested before an employee
enters the space
 Calibrated direct-reading
instrument
 O2, Flammables, Toxics
 Must protect employees from
the hazardous atmosphere
before any entry takes place
 Employee or authorized
representative shall be
provided an opportunity to
observe the pre-entry testing
 Periodic testing required
9
OSHA’s STANCE ON CALIBRATION
 What does OSHA accept as a "calibrated" direct reading instrument
required by paragraph (c)(5)(ii)(C) for entrants to test the atmosphere
for permit space entry?
A testing instrument calibrated in accordance with the
manufacturer's recommendations meets this requirement. The best
way for an employer to verify calibration is through documentation
10
Calibration: The Key to Accurate Readings
 Calibration refers to an instrument’s measuring accuracy relative to a
known concentration of gas. Gas detectors measure the
concentration of a gas in an air sample by comparing the sensor’s
response to the response generated by a calibration gas of a known
concentration. The instrument’s response to the calibration gas
serves as the measurement scale or reference point.
11
Calibration: The Key to Accurate Readings
 Calibration drift: when an instruments reference point has shifted
resulting in unreliable data
 Caused by:
 Gradual sensor degradation
 Chronic exposures to extreme temperatures and humidity
 Exposure to high (over range) concentrations of gas
 Exposure to LEL sensor poisons
 Harsh storage and operating conditions
12
EVALUATE HAZARDS - RETRIEVAL
 Horizontal entry
 Vertical entry
 How many in space?
 Obstacles?
13
CONTROLLING HAZARDS
 Specify acceptable entry conditions
 Isolating the permit space (29 CFR 1910.147 LOTO)
 Providing barriers to prevent entry
 Verifying acceptable entry conditions
 Purging, making inert, flushing or ventilating the permit space.
14
Reclassifying Confined Spaces
 Permit Spaces can be made non-permit if ALL hazards are eliminated
 For as long as the non-atmospheric hazards remain eliminated.
 Control of atmospheric hazards through forced air ventilation does
not constitute elimination of the hazards – MUST MONITOR!!!!
15
WRITTEN CONFINED SPACE PROGRAM
 Implement measures to prevent unauthorized entry
 Identify and evaluate hazards in permit space
 Test atmospheric conditions in the permit space
 Eliminate or control hazards in space
 Identify employee job duties
 Provide and maintain PPE and require employees to use it
 Ensure that at least one attendant is stationed outside the permit
space for the duration of entry operations
16
Written Confined Space Program
 Coordinate entry operations when employees of more than one
employer are in the permit space
 Procedures for summoning rescue and emergency services
 Preventing unauthorized personnel from attempting rescue
 Establish a system for the preparation, issue, use and cancellation of
entry permits
 Review established entry operations annually
17
CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PERMIT
18
•
Location of space
•
Scope of work
•
When work will be done
•
How long work will take and
duration of permit
•
Names of all team members and
duties
SAFETY INFORMATION ON PERMIT
19
•
Atmospheric testing results:
initial and follow up
•
Hazard control actions taken
•
Special permits such as hot
work.
BASIC EQUIPMENT ON PERMIT
20
•
PPE
•
Communication devices
•
Fall protection devices
•
Structures or modifications needed
•
Rescue equipment
•
Alarms
•
Non-sparking tools
•
Intrinsically-safe lighting
RESCUE INFORMATION ON PERMIT
•
Identity of rescue team
•
How to summon the rescue
team
•
21
Required rescue equipment
THE CONFINED SPACE ENTRY TEAM
22
•
Attendants
•
Entrants
•
Entry supervisor
•
Rescue Personnel
ATTENDANT DUTIES
23
•
Keep people and hazards away
•
Monitor and communicate with entrants
•
Know signs of a problem
•
Order entrants out if needed
•
Summon rescue team
•
Begin non-entry rescue
•
Never enter confined space
ENTRANT DUTIES
24
•
Know hazards of space
•
Understand information on permit
•
•
•
•
•
Ensure listed hazards are controlled
Wear required safety equipment and PPE
Recognize signs of a problem
Stay in contact with attendant
Get out at first sign of a problem
ENTRY SUPERVISIOR DUTIES
•
•
•
•
•
•
25
Authorizes entry
Makes sure permit is complete
Sees that tests and procedures are done
Determines that team members and equipment are in place
Oversees follow-up tests
Terminates entry permit when work is finished or if problem develops
RESCUE AND EMERGENCY SERVICES
26
•
Know actual confined spaces and potential rescue problems
•
Trained in first aid and CPR
•
Practice regularly at spaces
•
Can respond to emergencies “in a timely matter”
Rescue Equipment
 Non-Entry Rescue FIRST!!!!
 Retrieval systems shall be used
 Wristlets or full body harness, with a retrieval line attached at the
center of the entrant's back near shoulder level
 Mechanical device for vertical distances more than 5 feet (1.52 m)
deep
27
CONTRACTOR’S MUST BE INFORMED OF:
 Permit spaces and entry requirements
 Any identified hazards
 The employer’s experience with the space
 Precautions or procedures to be followed
 Coordinating entry between two or more contractors
 Debriefing at the conclusion of entry operations
28
CORRECT?
29
Review
 Why Such a Big Issue?
 Confines Space Program Requirements
 What is a Confined Space / Identify
 Evaluate Hazards
 Establish Protection Procedure to Control Hazards
 Written Program and Permit Process for Entry
30
Thank You!
Bob Wengryn
Phone: 412-580-9862
Email:
bwengryn@sperianprotection.com
The World Leader
in Personal
Protective
Equipment
31