CINE Course-2006
Methods employed by R and D of
various companies in screening ideas
By
Ananda Chakraborty
Introduction
• R and used in two types of role
• develop new products, molecules
• reduce cost or improve product/ service quality
• New Product development: Agrochemical
Industry
• Patent law is an important contention here
Typical Registration process for
Agrochemical
2. CIB & RC, Ministry of Agriculture (Registration & Scrutiny)
Submits
application
along with
data
1. Applicant
Deficiency
report
Admn
Office
Legal
Chemistry
Bioefficacy
Registration Committee
Packaging
Toxicology
4. Ministry of Health (MRL Fixation)
5. Central Insecticides
Laboratory (Testing)
For Products Manufactured in India
Secretariat
scrutinizes
residue pro
forma
SCPR
studies data
and
recommend
s the MRL
CCFS studies
SCPR
recommendati
on and
approves MRL
Inspector
visits site and
collects the
sample
Sample
analysis
For Imported Technicals
Submit
samples
Sample
analysis
3. ICAR
Time required for a Registration
Activity
9(4) – “Me Too”
registration
9(3) and 9(3b) Fresh Registration
Documentation and Form 1
and other documents
verification by legal
0.5 month
1 month
CIB&RC analysis, covering:
1-3 months
6-12 months
Sample submission, collection
& Analysis
2-6 months
2-6 months
MRL Fixation (Ministry of
Health)
1-2++ months
3-12 months
Registration Certificate
Issuance
2 months
2 months
OVERALL PROCESS
Minimum 6 months
Minimum 12-36 months
•
•
•
•
Chemistry
Bioefficacy
Toxicology
Packaging
Some more facts about
Agrochemical industry
• For launching one noble chemical in crop
protection
• 140,000 molecules are tested
• $ 210 m ($184 m in 1999) spend
• 9.1 years on average from 1st synthesis to
marketing
R and D process in agrochemicals
New Lead
Think of a new
target compound
Evaluate
results
Synthesise
target
SCREEN
N
O
Novel Product
CN
N
O
MeO2C
OMe
Parameters for screening
The following parameters are used by projecting
them 10 – 12 years ahead…
• Activity & Selectivity – 1st Consideration
(Performance Parameters)
• Properties of the chemical, Residual toxicity and
Soil toxicity – 2nd Consideration (mainly
environmental parameters)
• Patentability, Cost of manufacturing and others –
3rd Consideration (mainly commercial parameters)
R and D in manufacturing Industry
• Tata Motors – 3 plants
Product
Improvement
In Plant
R and D
Process
Improvement
R and D in
Tata Motor
ERC
(central level)
Research and Development Structure at Tata motor
• Product improvement
• Input from dealers
• Input from service persons
• Process Improvement
•
•
•
•
When the process itself needs to be modified
starts working with a major problem
Brainstorming, Exploration of probable causes
Experimentation and Recommendation
Criteria for screening
• Effectiveness of the idea on the cause
• Ease of implementation i.e. the disruption to the
manufacturing process should be minimum
• Cost effectiveness
Here an optimum combination of Effectiveness & Ease
of implementation is desired first and then cost
effectiveness is the distinguishing factor.
Innovative ideas from shop floor employees are also
encouraged and rewarded
Conclusion
• Consideration of the market
• Difference in judging criteria : once a
process is established, no major changes
• Difference in new product vis-à-vis
improvement based research : aggregate
level business decision and functional decision
THANK YOU