Ecology Vocab (Warm-up)
You can use your device
• Do the First 3 Ecology Vocab words
• The rest of the Vocab will be due on Tuesday
• Rules
• Number your words
• You must write the definition in your own words
• Include heading on first list (Ecology vocab)
The Characteristics of Life
http://www.le.ac.uk/bl/background2.jp
What is Biology?
• Biology is the study of life!
Bio-: Life
-ology: the study of
How does Biology relate to your daily life??
Biology & Society
• Studying Biology allows a person to
become educated enough to make
decisions on issues that impact society
and themselves.
• Can you name an example of where you
might hear about Biology in your
everyday life?
• What might be something you hear
about?
Living or Not?
• There are many familiar things in this
world that we classify as “living” and
“nonliving”.
• How do you know if something is alive or
was living at one point?
• BY THE EIGHT CHARACTERISTICS OF
LIFE!!
The Eight Characteristics of Life
• Organization & the presence of one or
more cells
• Response to a stimulus (stimuli)
• Homeostasis
• Metabolism
• Growth & Development
• Reproduction
• Change through time
• Universal Genetic Code
Organization and Cells
NUMBER ONE
• Organization:
The high degree of order within an
organism’s internal and external parts and
in it’s interactions with the living world.
Example:
vs.
Continuing with Cells…
• All cells have some degree of organization.
• Cell: smallest unit that can perform
all of life’s processes.
Two cell types:
• Unicellular (ex. Bacteria)
• Multicellular (ex. Tree, human)
Organ Systems
• The highest level of organization
• Organ systems are made up of organs.
• Organs: structures that carry out
specialized jobs within and organ system.
Organs are made of tissues.
What are tissues??
• They are groups of cells with similar
abilities that allow an organ to function.
• So…TISSUES ARE MADE OF CELLS!
• Example:
Nervous tissue in an ear allows an ear to
detect sound.
What’s Inside a Cell?
• Organelles!
– Tiny structures carrying out functions
necessary for the cell to remain alive.
Organelles are made up of…
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES!
Molecules are chemical compounds that
provide physical structure & allow energy
use, movement, & other cellular functions.
What makes up a molecule?
• Biological molecules are made up of…
ATOMS!!
• Atoms:
simplest particle of
an element that retains
all the properties of a
certain element.
Response to Stimuli
NUMBER TWO
• Stimulus:
A physical or chemical change in the
internal or external environment.
Can you think of some examples
of different stimuli??
Why would you want to be able to respond
and react to changes in your environment?
TO STAY
ALIVE!!
Homeostasis
NUMBER THREE
• This means you are maintaining stable internal
conditions via different mechanisms.
• Internal conditions stay the same even though
environmental conditions are changing constantly!
What are some examples of regulatory systems?
Examples: Temperature & water content
Metabolism
NUMBER FOUR
• The sum of all the chemical reactions that
take in & transform energy & materials from
the environment.
• Two processes to gain energy:
• Photosynthesis (plants, algae, & some bacteria)
• Consumption (animals eating prey/food)
• Living organisms use energy to power ALL the
life processes…
• Movement, growth, repair, etc.
Growth & Development
NUMBER FIVE
• ALL LIVING THINGS
GROW & INCREASE IN SIZE!!
• They grow by the division & enlargement of cells.
• Some nonliving things
grow as well…
Can you think of
an example?
Cell Division
• The formation of two new cells from an
existing cell.
• Multicellular Organisms:
cell divisions, cell enlargement & development
• Unicellular Organisms:
cell division then cell enlargement
What is Development?
• The process by which an organism
becomes a mature adult.
• An adult organism is composed of many
cells specialized for different
functions.
 Examples: Hearing, seeing, carrying oxygen in the blood.
THE HUMAN BODY IS COMPOSED OF TRILLIONS OF
SPECIALIZED CELLS, ALL OF WHICH ORGINATED FROM A
SINGLE CELL…
THE FERTILIZED EGG!!
Reproduction
NUMBER SIX
• Reproduction: the process where an
organism produces new organisms like
themselves.
• NOT ESSENTIAL TO AN INDIVIDUAL ORGANISMS
SURVIVAL…
Why is it necessary then for the survival of a species?
Pass Me the Info!
• Sexual Reproduction:
 Two organisms of the same species!
 The offspring are similar to the
parents but not identical!
• Asexual Reproduction:
 One organism
 Genetically identical organisms
Change Through Time
NUMBER SEVEN
• Populations of living organisms evolve or change
through time!
• Being able to change
is important for
survival in an ever
changing world!
• This is why we have such diversity amongst all
living things here on Earth!
Universal Genetic Code
NUMBER EIGHT
• Hereditary information is transferred to
offspring via DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
• Gene: short segment of DNA that contains
the instructions for a single trait of an
organism.
• How do living things transfer
hereditary information??
Atom-Molecule-Organelle-Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ System-Organism
Population-Community-Ecosystem-Biosphere
Biome
1.Tropical rain forest
2.Tropical dry forest
3. Tropical savanna
4.Temperate
Grassland
5. Desert
6. Temperate
Woodland and
scrubland
7. Temperate
forest
8. Northwestern
coniferous
forest
9. Boreal forest
(taiga)
10. Tundra
11. Mountains and
ice caps
Item
1. Lichen
2. water
3. soil
4. algae
5. air in
balloon
6. wax
candle
7. seeds
8. rock
9. fruit
10. plant
LIFE CHARACTERISTICS
Cell
Organization
Reproduction
Growth and
Development
Responds to
the
Environment
Obtains
& Uses
Energy
Living
NonLiving
Name __________________________________________Period ____________ Date ___________
Notes: All living things have the following characteristics. Write a note or example below each
characteristic.
1. Cell Organization
5. Obtains & Uses Energy
2. Reproduction
6. Universal Genetic Code
3. Growth and Development
7. Homeostasis
4. Responds to the Environment
8. Evolve