State the three parts of the cell
theory.
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1.
2.
3.
What was the name of the scientist that
stated that animals are composed of
cells?
What was the name of the scientist that
first coined the word cell?
State the three parts of the cell theory.
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1. Difference between prokaryotes and
eukaryotes.
2. Identify the different types of cells:
bacterial, animal, & plant.
3. Identify the key cell parts.
4. Describe the function of the cell
parts.
5. Identify structural differences in
animal and plant cells.
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PROKARYOTES



No nucleus
Not bound by a nuclear
membrane
Usually contains one
circular chromosome
composed of DNA with
proteins
EUKARYOTES



Nucleus present
Bound by a nuclear
membrane
Contains one or more
paired linear
chromosomes
• Ex. plants and animals
• Ex. bacteria
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1.
2.
3.
5
 Human
cells are animal cells which are
different depending on their function, but
there are similarities.
 Each cell is specialized and has a
different function, but there are
similarities.
 Every cell in our body has the same DNA
or genetic material
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8
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Can you identify any of the cell
parts in the liver sample?
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FUNCTION:
 Controls
IMAGE:
the cell’s
activity.
 Storehouse for
genetic information
called DNA
• Site of DNA
replication & its
transcription to RNA. Analogy: Like a City Hall
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Function:
 Located in the nucleus of cells.
 Ribosomes are synthesized (made) here,
then migrate to the cytoplasm.
Image:
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Image:
Function:
 Protects
the cell from
the outside
environment
 Selectively
Permeable- controls
what material moves
in and out of the cell
• Acts like a gatekeeper
Analogy: City Border
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FUNCTION:
IMAGE:
Fills the space between the
nucleus and the cell
membrane.
 Fluid portion is called the
cytosol and is mainly water.
 Site of most cell activity
(transports materials
through out the cell).

Analogy: Property or City Proper
Image:
Function:
 The
place
where RNA
(transcribed
from DNA) is
translated to
produce protein
Analogy: Lumber Yard
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Function:
Image:
 Net
work of folded
membranes that
transport materials
(nutrients and waste)
through out the cell
 Two Types:
• Rough ER
• Smooth ER
Analogy: High Way Road System
 Lacks
Ribosomes
 Acts as a storage area
for proteins exiting
the cell
Smooth ER
 Contains
Ribosomes
 Transport Proteins in
and out of the
nucleus.
Rough ER
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Function:
Image:
 Condensed
membrane-enclosed
spaces that process,
sort and deliver
proteins created in
the ribosomes on the
ER
Analogy: Post Office or UPS
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Function:
 Power
house of the
cell
 Converts the
nutrients the cell
intakes to usable
energy
 It is folded and
kidney bean shaped
Analogy: Energy Plants or
Electrical Plants
Image:
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FUNCTION:
in the Golgi
Apparatus
 Breaks down food
 Recycle older
organelles
 Return digested
components to
cytoplasm to be
reused
IMAGE:
 Form
Analogy: Recycling Center
Function:
 Network of proteins
that give the cell
support
 Found in the
cytoplasm
 Gives the cell its
shape and mobility
Image:
Analogy: Brick Foundations
Image:
Function:
 Small, beating
hair-like
extensions that are
used to create a
current to move
things away and
out of the cell.
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Function:
Image:
 Whip-like
structure
used for movement of
the cell.
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Plant cells are found in all plants and they are the
building blocks of these living organisms. There
are some difference between plant cells and animal
cells.
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29
Can you identify
any of the cell
parts in the plant
sample?
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Function:
 Rigid
outermost layer
of the plant cell,
made of cellulose
 Maintains cell shape
and aids in protection
 Prevents expansion
when water enters
Image:
Analogy: City Limits
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Function:
 Storage
Image:
for water and
waste.
Analogy: Water Table,
Wells, and Sewers
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Function:
 Store
Image:
food pigments.
• Ie. Chloroplast- where
photosynthesis occurs
to form sugars for
metabolism.
Analogy: Solar Plants
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Plant Cells

Animal Cells
Chloroplasts
• Where sunlight is
converted into energy
through photosynthesis

Cell Wall
 Mitochondria
• Produces cells
energy from food
 No
Cell Wall
• Presence of a rigid cell
wall surrounding the cell
membrane

Vacuoles
• Make up 30% of cell and
90% of cell volume
• Space filler in the cell
• Can be used as storage for
nutrients
 Lacking Vacuoles
What are the key differences
between animal cells and plant
cells?
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What is the function of the
nucleolus? What is the function
of ribosomes?
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 Nucleus
 Nucleolus
 Cell membrane
 Cytoplasm
 Ribosome
 Cytoskeleton
 Vacuole
 Cell Wall
 Chloroplast
 Prokaryote
 Eukaryote
 Protein
 Smooth ER
 Rough ER
 Golgi Apparatus
 Mitochondria
 Lysosome
 Cilia
 Flagella
 Plastid
 Cellulose
 Cytosol
 Nucleoplasm
 Nuclear Membrane
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If you were looking at a specimen
underneath the microscope, how would
you go about magnifying what you see?
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40
A
light bulb acts like the ______________.
A
letter acts like the __________________.
A
brain acts like the __________________.
A
sweeper acts like the _______________.
 Arteries
A
act like the ___________________.
battery acts like the __________________.
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FREE!
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