Section 2: Types of Cells
Cell Theory (Review)
1. All organisms (living things) are composed
of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of (life) structure
and organization of organisms.
3. All (new) cells come from preexisting cells.
4. Cell contain hereditary information (DNA)
which is passed from cell to cell during cell
division
Two Types of Cells
1. Cells can be subdivided into the following
subcategories:
2. Prokaryotes: Unicellular
3. Eukaryotes: Multicellular
Prokaryotic
1. Prokaryotes lack a
nucleus and other
membrane-bound
organelles (contain
ribosomes).
2. Few internal
structures.
3. Bacteria are onecelled prokaryotes.
Eukaryotic
1. Contain a nucleus and organelles
surrounded by membranes (mitochondria,
chloroplasts, lysosomes, vacuoles, etc.)
Plant
Animal
“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
Hierarchy of Biological Order
Kingdoms
Contain ALL
Organisms
Macromolecule
5 Kingdoms each containing cells
Bacteria (Kingdom Monera)
Bacteria are made of cells
5 Kingdoms each containing cells
Euglena are unicellular (Kingdom Protista)
An Amoeba is unicellular (Kingdom Protista)
Amoeba
Spirogyra (Kingdom Protista)
Volvox (Kingdom Protista)
Kelp forest (Algae) (Kingdom Protista)
5 Kingdoms each containing cells
Yeast Cells (Kingdom Fungi)
5 Kingdoms each containing cells
All plants are made of cells
Plant Cells
Plants Cells
5 Kingdoms each containing cells
All animals are made of cells
Bones are made of cells
Muscles are made of cells
More Cell Types!
Nerve cells
Nerve Cells
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cell
Red and White Blood Cells
Comparison of Cells