Behavior Based Safety &
Safety Observations
Bob Krzywicki
North America Operations Director
DuPont Safety Resources
Robert.s.krzywicki@usa.dupont.com
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
2
DuPont - A 200 Year History of Safety

Powder mill operation began in 1802

First safety rules established in 1811
Safety is a line management responsibility.
No employee may enter a new or rebuilt
mill until a member of top management has
personally operated it
– E. I. du Pont

Safety statistics began in 1912

Belief that all injuries are preventable
developed in the 1940s

Off-the-job safety program began
in the 1950s
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
3
Injuries and Incidents Do Not Have to Happen . . .
A new on-the-job
injury or illness
case every
SEVEN
seconds
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
4
Only Zero Tolerance is Acceptable

Each day 16 people will not die in
a work-related accident.

Each year over 4 million people
will not be hurt or made ill in US
private industry.

Families and communities will
prosper.
No physical pain, no deep
emotional anguish for the
worker’s family, no negative talk
about your organization in the
community.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
5
Do you have the
fundamentals in place that
will form a solid foundation
for any safety program?
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
6
Safety Values & Principles
Core values are the
cornerstone of who you are
and what you stand for.
Principles are the ways
you live your values day
by day.

Safety and Health

Environmental stewardship

Highest ethical behavior

Respect for people

Line managers are accountable
for the safety performance of
their employees.

Working safely is a condition of
employment.

Employees must receive
appropriate training.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
7
An Integrated Safety Management System
Leadership
Safety
Management
System
Structure
Process &
Action




Visible, demonstrated commitment
Clear, meaningful policies and principles
Challenging goals and plans
High standards of performance




Line management accountability
Supportive safety staff
Integrated committee structure
Performance measurement and progressive
motivation




Thorough investigations and follow-up
Effective audits and re-evaluation
Effective communication processes
Safety management skills
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
8
Safety Excellence Requires A Culture Shift
Involvement / Ownership by All Employees
Reactive
Dependent
Independent
• Safety by Natural
Instinct
• Compliance is the
Goal
• Delegated to Safety
Manager
• Lack of Management
Involvement
• Management
Commitment
• Condition of Employment
• Fear/Discipline
• Rules/Procedures
• Supervisor Control,
Emphasis, and Goals
• Value All People
• Training
• Personal Knowledge,
Commitment, &
Standards
• Internalization
• Personal Value
• Care for Self
• Practice, Habits
• Individual Recognition
Interdependent
• Help Others Conform
• Others’ Keeper
• Networking
Contributor
• Care for Others
• Organizational Pride
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
9
Behavior Based Audits
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
10
Cause of Injuries
…Where do our injuries come from?
Unsafe Conditions
4%
Unsafe Acts
96%
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
11
Injuries: A Matter of Probabilities
FATAL
MAJORS
RECORDABLE INJURIES
NEAR-MISSES OR FIRST AID
HAZARDS
Unsafe Acts
Employee Created Unsafe Conditions
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
12
Auditing for Safety

Focuses attention on safety.

Shows how well safety is understood and applied.

Shows where systems are working well.

Helps identify weaknesses in systems.

Helps clarify your safety standards.

Raises awareness of safety issues.

Identifies where people take risks.

Prevents injuries.
But - does NOT try to catch people doing something wrong!
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
13
Skills Required
...for conducting effective Safety Audits
Noticing:
Talking about:

Unsafe acts

Safe practices

Safe work
practices

Unsafe acts

Unsafe situations

Other safety
issues


Unsafe conditions
Unsafe situations
Gaining Commitment
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
14
Observation Categories
…help sharpen & sort observations

Reactions of people

Positions of people

Personal protective
equipment

Tools and equipment

Procedures

Orderliness standards
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
15
Why are people
reluctant to approach
another person
around safe and
unsafe behavior?
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
16
Contacting Someone Working Safely

Start with a positive comment.

Engage the employee in
conversation.

End with thanks.
Chart 6
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
17
When Someone Is Working Unsafely
... a framework for the Audit Discussion
1. Observe; then contact.
2. Comment on safe behavior.
3. Discuss
 Consequences of unsafe
act.
 Safer ways to do the job.
If you comment...
– Express your concern.
– Focus on effects, not acts.
If you question...
– Question to explore.
– Question to learn, not to
teach.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
18
When Someone Is Working Unsafely
... a framework for the Audit Discussion
1. Observe; then contact.
2. Comment on safe behavior.
3. Discuss


Consequences of unsafe act.
Safer ways to do the job.
4. Get agreement to work safely.
5. Discuss other safety issues.
6. Thank the employee.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
19
The Benefits of Safety Excellence

Improves business performance while protecting the
lives of employees and contract workers

Enhances existing business practices, including
environmental and health processes

Increases productivity while decreasing operating costs

Helps protect brand and public image

Leverages current strengths of your organization
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
20
Safety Perception Survey – Useful Tool
2006
Leadership
Structure
Processes & Actions
Key
Managers
Strength
Supervisors
Satisfactory
Professionals
Weakness
Hourly Workers
2007
Leadership
Structure
Processes & Actions
Managers
Supervisors
Professionals
Hourly Workers
Sustainable culture improvement can not
be achieved overnight.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
21
Sustaining a safety culture involves improving your
competency & execution in all of the cultural elements.
World Class
V
Excellence
IV
Skill
III
Awareness
II
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Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.