IB Biology Study Guide
Topic 1: Cell Biology
1.5 – The origin of cells
Essential Idea – There is an unbroken chain of life from the first cells on Earth to all cells in organisms today.
1.6 – Cell Division
Essential Idea – Cell division is essential but must be controlled.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Terms:
 cell theory
 prophase
 mutagen
 Pasteur experiment
 metaphase
 oncogenes
 endosymbiotic theory
 anaphase
 metastasis
 prokaryotic cell
 telophase
 cyclin
 eukaryotic cell
 chromosome
 cancer
 mitosis
 chromatid (sister
 tumors
chromatid)
 cell cycle
 centromere
 interphase (G1, S, G2)
HOMEWORK:
 Reading – TEXT BOOK
i. 2.1 Cells, page 12 – 28
ii. 2.5 Cell Division, page 38 – 43
iii. D.1 Origin of Life on Earth, page 421-422
 Reading – Slides
i. Topic 1.5: http://www.slideshare.net/diverzippy/biok-15-origin-of-cells
ii. Topic 1.6: http://www.slideshare.net/diverzippy/bioknowledgy-16-cell-division
Understandings
The origin of cells
 Cells can only be formed by division by pre-existing cells.
 The first cells must have arisen from nonliving material.
 The origin of eukaryotic cells can be explained by the endosymbiotic theory.
Cell Division
 Mitosis is division of nucleus into two genetically identical daughter cells
 Chromosomes condense by supercoiling during mitosis.
 Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis and is different in plant and animal cells.
 Interphase is very active phase of the cell cycle with many processes occurring in the nucleus and cytoplasm.
 Cyclins are involved in the control of the cell cycle.
 Mutagens, oncogenes and metastasis are involved in the development of primary and secondary tumors.
Applications & Skills
The origin of cells
 Application: Evidence from Pasteur’s experiments that spontaneous generations of cells and organisms does not
now occur on earth
Cell Division
 Application: The correlation between smoking and incidence of cancers.
 Skill: Identification of phases of mitosis in cells viewed with a microscope or micrograph.
 Skill: Determination of a mitotic index from a micrograph. (The mitotic index is an important prognostic tool for
predicting the response of cancer cells to chemotheraphy).
Figures to know
KNOW THE VARIOUS STRUCTURES OF DNA
 Double helix
 Chromatin
.


Chromatid
Chromosome