RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION
MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
-------------------------
ICAO ASIA/PAC Runway Safety and ATS Safety Management
Seminar (Singapore, December 01 to 05/2003)
-----------------------------------------Mr Jean JEZEQUEL, Manager, Airspace and Procedures, Aeronautical
Infrastructures and Facilities Studies - Aéroports de Paris
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
1
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
OUTLINE OF THIS PRESENTATION







CDG Airport Traffic
CDG Airport Layout (Runways/taxi-ways/terminals – Air Traffic Control Towers)
CDG Airport Basic Operations
Runway Incursion Prevention Measures before opening south pair of RWYS
(before March 1999) and during first months of operation
Additional Runway Incursion Prevention Measures, since 2000
Runway Incursions statistics
Runway Incursion Prevention Measures for 2003/2004/2005…
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
2
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT



AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONDITIONS
525,000 ops/year 2001 - 511,000 ops/year 2002
WORLD RANK for ops : 6 th
PEAKS
•
•



peak day : 1,689 ops
Peak hour : 126 ops (3 RWYs)
MAJOR HUB FOR AIR-FRANCE
over 150 foreign airlines operating at CDG
WEATHER CONDITIONS
•
•
Low Visibility Procedures (LVP) :  5 % of time
A few snowy days
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
3
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
AIRPORT LAYOUT


3200 Ha
4 PARALLEL RUNWAYS
•
•


South pair of runways in use since March 1999
A mixed-mode runway on the north side of the airport (north pair of RWYS
will go into operating 2nd half of 2004)
TAXIWAYS ≈ 70 Kms in all
2 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS
•
•
•
South ATCT(1999), tall(h:80/85m) and close to south pair of RWYS
(including an apron tower)
Central ATCT, tall(h:80/85m)
New north ATCT(2004), tall(h:90/95m) and close to north pair of RWYS
(including an apron tower)
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
4
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
5
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
6
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
7
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
8
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(BEFORE OPENING SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)
NEW FACILITIES

SOUTH AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER (h:80/85m-Cost : 15 millions Euros)
good visibility on arrivals, holdings and crossings (in westerly and easterly flows)
good visibility on departures sequences (in westerly and easterly flows)
APRON TOWER LOCATED IN SOUTH TOWER (able to manage traffic around all
CDG2 terminals)
• to alleviate traffic load of ground control positions
•
•


AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER SIMULATOR,360°, ( cost : 4 millions Euros)
•
To provide training of all controllers working the south pair of RWYS from south ATCT
before opening
Note : This simulator is now adapted for north pair of RWYS, central and north ATCTs
.
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
9
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
10
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
11
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(BEFORE OPENING SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)
NEW EQUIPMENT

2ND ASDE LOCATED ON SOUTH ATCT :
•

better ground radar coverage of south side of airport
LABELS (data blocks) ON GROUND AND LOCAL CONTROL POSITIONS
easier management of traffic
• better discrimination for LOCAL and GROUND controllers, of the different positions of
airplanes (more specially inbounds holding between the two RWYs…)
•

VEHICLES RADIO LOCATION MONITORING SYSTEM
•
to prevent drivers of incursions on RWYs
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
12
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(BEFORE OPENING SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)
TAXIWAY DESIGN




SPACE PROVIDED to decelerate AFTER VACATING RWY, hold BEFORE
CROSSING, CROSS AND TAXI QUICKLY away from departure RWY
384m between runway centerlines
4 exits (West and East RWY configurations)
CENTRAL PARALLEL TWY between RWYs to collect several arrivals, hold
and prepare sequences
4 TWYs PERPENDICULAR (West and East RWY configurations) to
departure RWY for HOLDING AND CROSSING :
•
•

good surveillance of departing traffic (West and East configurations)
rapid and non confusing crossing of inner RWY
Lighting system strictly ICAO ANNEX 14 compliant
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
13
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
14
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(BEFORE OPENING SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)
PROCEDURES

ARRIVALS ON OUTER RWY/DEPARTURES ON INNER RWY
•
•
Ground crossings
ILS and Approach lighting on inner RWY to be OFF (to prevent landings on the inner RWY)
FOCUS ON READ BACK procedures (clearances and documentations) specially for ARRIVALS
(i.e: “HOLD SHORT OF RUNWAY 26R on taxiway SIERRA TWO” )
 ONE LOCAL FREQUENCY FOR ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES

•

ALL VEHICLES
•

arrivals change to Ground Control frequency only after the crossing of departure RWY permitting to the
LOCAL controller to call them (and also the departures) if necessary. Pilots can monitor the sequence.
All vehicles having to operate on RWYS are equipped with Local Control frequencies and drivers are in
contact with Local Control position
AIRPORT DIAGRAMS
•
in Westerly and Easterly flows, arrivals can see how to taxi immediately after departure RWY crossing if
no immediate contact with ground control
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
15
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(BEFORE OPENING SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)
CONTROL POSITIONS

TWO GROUND CONTROL POSITIONS working on south side of airport
•
One working mostly arrivals (GSW in West flow, GSE in East flow), available to speak
immediately to the arrivals after the crossing, and to give taxi-clearances
 arrivals exit quickly the departure RWY area
•

One working mostly departures (GSE in West flow, GSW in East flow) to prepare the
departure sequence
TWO APRON TOWER POSITIONS (with a possible extension to three) to alleviate Ground
Control traffic load on south side of airport
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
16
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
17
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(BEFORE OPENING SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)
PRE-OPERATIONAL MEASURES






AIRPORT SIMULATOR « SIMULOC » in operation two months before opening the pair of
RWYS, to train all the controllers
MEETINGS with airlines to explain the new procedures
VERY LARGE DISTRIBUTION OF A VIDEO demonstrating the new procedures of the
south pair of RWYS, highlighting specificities, namely holding before crossing and crossing of
departure RWY
ORGANIZATION OF TWO MEETINGS to allow pilots / controllers to acquire and mutually
understand new procedures
PUBLICATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH IATA, of a leaflet named HIRO and subsequent
large distribution
CAUTION MESSAGE on the ATIS, during the first month of operations (March 1999), for the arrivals
vacating the outer RWY of the pair of RWYS ("After vacating RWY 26L, hold short of runway 26R")
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
18
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(AFTER OPENING SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)
FIRST DEBRIEFING AND CORRECTIONS (1999)
TASK FORCE TO MONITOR OPERATIONS AND ANALYZE INCIDENTS (one meeting per
month)
 MODIFICATIONS of procedures and documentation:
• GROUND CONTROL TAXI PROCEDURES : to give PRIORITY to arriving traffic over taxiing
traffic on parallel TWY (to expedite crossing of inner RWY and avoid a holding of second
arrival for a ground clearance close to (or on) the departure RWY).

•
AIRPORT DOCUMENTATION DIAGRAMS : to integrate taxiing PRIORITIES
ADDITIONAL GROUND MARKING ON THE HOLDING POINTS to REINFORCE their meaning
(STOP)
 SIMULTANEOUS CAMPAIGN WITH AIR FRANCE for heightening pilot and controller
awareness OF PHRASEOLOGY AND READ BACK SENSITIVITY

ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
19
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
20
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
( SINCE 2000 )
INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION






PERMANENT (since 11/28/00) CAUTION MESSAGE on the ATIS, for inbounds
vacating the OUTER RWY (“After vacating runway 26L, hold short of runway 26R”)
MEETING WITH AIRLINES (12/15/00) for discussion and awareness
PUBLICATION (Feb 2001) OF AN AIC pertaining to this problem with special
distribution to airlines operating on airport
UPDATING (2001) OF HIRO LEAFLET with special focus on this problem,
promotion and large distribution
MEETING WITH AIRLINES (1/18/02)
REINFORCEMENT OF THE JEPPESEN caution box
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
21
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(SINCE 2000)
ENHANCED CAT 1 HOLDING POINTS AND OTHER ACTIONS
IMPLEMENTATION OF TWIN WIG-WAG: 4 orange flashing lights on each side of 90m holding
points, differentiating those at 150m (single Wig-Wag).
 REINFORCING HOLDING POINT : painting of ground with "RWY AHEAD" ground inscription


DUPLICATION OF HOLDING POINT SIGNS (90m) on either side of the taxiway and erection
of additional CAT1 signs.

H24 WIG – WAG at 90m holding point commuted with 150m WIG – WAG in LVP ops

REINFORCING SIGNS, MARKINGS AND RED LIGHTS on TWYs with only one way : “NO
ENTRY / RWY AHEAD ” painting of ground and specific signs for drivers, located at 90m
from the runway centerline.

REINFORCING and ADDING SIGNS and MARKINGS on TWYs, specially in complex areas.
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
22
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
23
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
24
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
25
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
( SINCE 2000 )
NEW EQUIPMENT

3rd and 4th GROUND RADARS (ASDEs or SMRs)
• 3rd ASDE, located South/East of airport, in service since early 2001
• 4th ASDE, located North/West of airport, in service since spring 2002
 MODE "S" multi-lateration system (installation finished October 2002, on test
and trial since end of 2002), in service Autumn 2003.

GROUND SHORT TERM CONFLICT ALERT SYSTEM (on test and trial since
autumn 2002) in service since July 2003;it‘s called “RIMCAS”.
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
26
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
27
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
( SINCE 2000 )
PROCEDURES / HUMAN ERROR PREVENTION

NEW PHRASEOLOGY (January 2001) for arrivals holding short of the inner
runway of the pair, "DUPLICATING HOLDING INSTRUCTION"
"…, Hold short of runway 26R, holding point SIERRA TWO"
(instead of "…, Hold short of runway 26R, on taxi way SIERRA TWO)
•

SPECIFICALLY FAMILIARIZE PILOTS with CDG airport complex layout and
read back procedures
•

Distribution of a specific CD-Rom
IMPLEMENTATION of a Safety Management System (early July 2002)
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
28
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
( SINCE 2000 )
« In case of any doubt HOLD SHORT OF the inner RWY »
 The basic principle is the arrival traffic must HOLD SHORT OF the inner RWY and
wait for a crossing clearance and acknowledge it.
DEPARTURES
ARRIVALS
Arrival traffic on outer RWY must stop and wait on holding points.
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
29
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
(STATISTICS 2001-2002)
Traffic 2001: 525,000 ops
Important incursions: 3 (0 in LVP conditions)
Traffic 2002: 511,000 ops
Important incursions: 4 (0 in LVP conditions)
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
30
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
( FOR 2003 - 2004 - 2005…)

MODE S MULTI-LATERATION SYSTEM integrated in ground radar displays since early 2003 and

GROUND SHORT TERM CONFLICT ALERT SYSTEM (Runway Incursion Monitoring and
in service Autumn 2003.
Conflict Alert System :”RIMCAS”) integrated in ground radar displays since early 2003 and in service since
July 2003.
 A-SMGCS = 4 ASDEs, mode S multi-lateration system, GSTCAS(“RIMCAS”), alternated WIGWAG 90m /150m, stop bars 150m …
GROUND VEHICLE GUIDE TO CDG AIRPORT SIGNS and MARKINGS, and STICKERS ON
BOARD VEHICLES (Autumn 2003 and early 2004)
 LARGE DISTRIBUTION OF A NEW VIDEO demonstrating procedures for north pair of RWYs ( 2004)REFRESHED CDG HOTSPOTS MAP in airport documentation (2004)-NEW CDG HIRO leaflet.
 TRAINING ON TOWER SIMULATOR of the controllers for the north pair of RWYs procedures ( 2004)


NEW NORTH AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER

PROVISION OF ASSISTANT LOCAL CONTROLLERS to help monitoring operations (scanning the
close to north pair of RWYs (July 2004)
runways….)
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
31
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
( FOR 2003 – 2004 - 2005…)


CLOSED RUNWAY LIGHTED CROSS INTEGRATED IN APPROACH
LIGHT SYSTEM ( on trial since May 2003 on RWY 27R)
LIGHTED « RWY AHEAD » MARKINGS with fibre optics or LEDs, at CAT 1
holding points,…(trials in 2004).

AIRLINES/PILOTS :e.g:Air-France:-Pilots awareness, training,taxiing guide/quizzNew technology on board such as Runway Awareness and Alerting System(RAAS)
build on EGPWS and giving to pilots aural advisory(e.g:’’approaching runway 26R’’) of
aircraft position during surface operations and on final approach (trials perharps on
board a few aircraft during first half of 2004, and if conclusive ,implementation on board
of more and more aircraft in 2004/2005…) , and later moving maps ( e.g:-on
board A380 in 2006….).
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
32
A-SMGCS Functions

Surveillance
 Routing
 Guidance
 Control
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
33
Surveillance : AVISO






AVISO , in use in 1997/98 ( using data from the ASDE located on
top of Central ATCT…);first displays only on GC positions.
End of 1998 :- second ASDE (on top of new South ATCT)
1999-2001 :- more positions with displays (GCs, LCs, APRs)
Early 2001:-third ASDE (south/east of South pair of RWYs) )
Spring 2002:-fourth ASDE (north/west of North pair of RWYs)
First half of 2003 :-AVISO
• 14 working positions (GC and LC positions in Central and South ATCTs,
APRs in South Apron Tower,…)
• 4 primary ground radars ( ASDEs or SMRs )
• RDP(STR)
non-cooperative surveillance
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
34
Surveillance

Vehicle surveillance :
SYLETRACK

2003:
• Mode S multi-lateration system
cooperative surveillance
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
35
Control

Since July 2003 :
RIMCAS (Runway Incursion Monitoring and Conflict Alert
System/Collision Avoidance System)
• Provides alerts
• Allows runway selection
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
36
Alert visualization

2 levels :
• Level 1

– Level 2
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003

AEROPORTS DE PARIS
37
Example (1)

Take-offs
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
38
Example (2)

Vehicle incursion
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
39
Example (2)

Vehicle incursion
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
40
Example (3)

Runway crossing
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
41
Example (4)

Wrong runway
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
42
Example (5)

Low Visibility Procedures(LVP)
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
43
New developments

SALADIN (Système d’Aide à LA Détection d’INtrus) :
• Integration with sequencing and planning tools …..
Departure Manager ( DMAN ) …..
• New Human-Machine Interface (HMI) …..
 But CONTROLLERS (and PILOTS) “ HEAD
UP ” and
AVAILABLE.
ICAO Conference
Singapore,December 2003
AEROPORTS DE PARIS
44