AP HuG
Unit #1 Study Guide
You should be able to define, relate, explain and give examples of all of the following terms in order to do well on the
upcoming test.
Density
Agricultural
Density
Physiological
Density
Arithmetic Density
Pattern
Distribution
Map
Cartography
Projection
Mercator
Robinson
Goode’s
Homolosine
Distortion
Site
Situation
Geographic Scale
Distance Decay
Time-Space
Compression
Ptolemy
Eratosthenes
Carl Saur
Absolute Location
Relative Location
Longitude
Prime Meridian
Latitude
Equator
Mental Map
Determinism
Possibilism
Remote Sensing
GPS
GIS
Thematic Maps
Choropleth Maps
Isoline Maps
Cartograms
Dot Maps
Region
Functional
Formal
Perceptual
Diffusion
Expansion
Diffusion
Contagious
Diffusion
Stimulus Diffusion
Hierarchical
Diffusion
Relocation
Diffusion
Land Ordinance of
1785
Homestead Act of
1862
Cultural
Landscape
Gravity Model
Intervening
Opportunities
Globalization
The questions below are based on the Free Response Questions that will be asked on this test. Be sure to study each in
detail as the FRQ counts as half of your exam grade. You will have 4 options on the test and will be required to Answer 2.
1. Technological innovations have greatly influences the methods by which geography can be done today. Describe two
technological advances that have changed the capabilities of the discipline of geography and list an application for each.
Discuss Tobler’s first law of geography as it related to the notion of time-space convergence. Does this law still apply
and/or will it apply in the future?
2. The idea of time-space compression has had dramatic impacts on how geographers think of distance. Define time-space
convergence and given an example of this process at work today. Describe the effects of this convergence on the
connectivity between places.
3. Geographers define space, location, and distance according to both absolute and relative measures. Describe the
difference between absolute and relative measures of distance. Give two examples of instances where the degree of
interaction between places is more related to connectivity than to absolute distance. Describe the difference between
absolute and relative measures of location. Give examples.
4. Globalization is the dominant geographic trend in the 21st century. Define globalization and identify two advantages
and two disadvantages that come with this trend.