Review for Vitamins
List 5 Basic Functions Vitamins
assist with in the body.
Nutrient
Metabolism
Energy
Digestion
Tissue
Maintenance
Infection
resistance
What are the two main causes
of Vitamin deficiency disease?
Insufficient Amount of a Vitamin in
the diet.
Failure of the body to absorb a
vitamin.
Differences between Water and Fat
Soluble Vitamins
Water
Soluble
Soluble
in water
Fat Soluble
Soluble
in fat
Excess
vitamins
are
excreted
Excess
vitamins are
stored in the
body
Will not
build to
toxic level
Will build up
to toxic levels
What form of Vitamin A is
provided by plant forms?
• Beta Carotene
• Beta Carotene is a naturally occurring anti
oxidant. It is a fat soluble pigment found in
plants.
Why do some people not need
Vitamin D in their body?
• With exposure to sunlight, the body can make
all the vitamin D it needs.
What is the main function of Vitamin
E and K?
E
K
• Antioxidant
• Protects the membranes of
white and red blood cells.
• Makes proteins needed to
coagulate blood.
Name three deficiency symptoms
shared by all the B vitamins.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Nausea
Loss of weight
Loss of appetite
Severe Exhaustion
Irritability
Depression
Forgetfulness
Heart problems
Skin problems
Impaired functioning of the immune system
What is the name of the Thiamine
deficiency disease?
• Beriberi
List three food sources of Riboflavin
• Milk and Milk Products
1
• Enriched and whole grain cereals
2
3
• Meats
• Fish
Why is adequate folate intake
especially important to women of
childbearing age?
• Women who have inadequate folate intake
are more likely to give birth to babies with
neural tube damage.
What group of people have an
increased needs for vitamin C and
why?
• People exposed to SMOKE. This is because
smoke increases the destruction of vitamin C
in the lungs.
List two ways phytochemcials help
prevent heart disease and some
cancers.
1. Prompting the body to make enzymes.
• 2. Binding harmful substances
3. Acting as antioxidants
Name three groups of people for
whom doctors might recommend
vitamin supplements.
• Pregnant
• Breast feeding
Women
• Infants
• Older adults
• Patients
recovering
from surgery
What is the main difference between
the sources of natural vitamins and
the sources of synthetic Vitamins?
NV
Extracted
from Foods
SV
Made in the
labaratory
Give three tips for selecting foods
high in Vitamins
Read Nutrition labels
Choose items brighter in colour and ones that
have firm texture
.
Buy foods that are firmly frozen avoid ones that
have a think layer of ice on the sides. This
indicates that they have been thawed then
refrozen
List five ways to prevent vitamin
losses when storing and preparing
foods.
Keep freezer
temperature at zero
degrees or lower to
retain vitamin content.
Store canned foods in a
cool, dry storage area.
Ripen fresh fruit/veg. at
room temperature
away from direct
sunlight.
Store milk in opaque
containers to protect
riboflavin content.
Riboflavin is destroyed
by light.
Be sure to wrap cut
foods tightly. This
prevents damage by
oxidation.
Number of Vitamins
• In total there are 13 Vitamins:
• 9 water soluble (8 B Vitamins and Vitamin K)
• 4 fat soluble (A,D, E,K)
What is Pellagra?
• Pellagra is a Niacin deficiency disease.
Fat Soluble Vitamins
•
•
•
•
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
Water Soluble B Vitamins
B1
B2
B3
B5
B6