Circulatory System and Other
Systems that work together
A D D I T I O N A L I N F O R M A T I O N T O S T U D Y A N D
F O R Y O U R S T U D Y G U I D E

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Fatty deposits called plaque

Builds up in walls of arteries

Obstructs flow

HYPERTENSION

High blood pressure

Hearts works harder than necessary

Increases risk of heart attack or stroke

HEART ATTACK

Atherosclerosis in coronary artery

Heart muscle begins to die

Symptoms

Nausea

Shortness of breath

Severe chest pain
IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION NECESSARY

STROKE

Blood clot gets stuck in blood vessels leading to brain

Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen

Or blood vessel burst

Can lead to paralysis,
 loss of ability to speak death

Blood Types
 Four Types

A

B

AB

O
 Inherited from your parents

Blood Types

What happens when you mix blood types?

If you mix one type with the wrong one, you get CLUMPING
 Type O is the universal donor
 Type AB is the universal acceptor

Rh Factor
 Rhesus factor (Rh), also inherited

Rh + (have antigen on RBC)

Rh (NO antigen)

What Makes Our Blood Type?

Blood Transfusions
Blood Type of Donor
Blood Type of Recipient
A B AB O
A
B
AB
O
Unsuccessful transfusion
Successful transfusion

Lymphatic System
 The lymphatic system is known as your body’s drainage system.
 The lymphatic system is  a network of vein-like vessels that returns the fluid to the blood stream
 The fluid is called lymph.
 Lymph consists of water, dissolved substances (glucose), and WBC.

 Lymph is fluid that moves through the walls of the capillaries into surrounding tissues. It will again rejoin the cardiovascular system.
 The fluid of the lymphatic system travels through knobs of tissue called lymph nodes. When you are sick, your lymph nodes will enlarge because your body is fighting infection (traps bacteria, etc. by filtering lymph).


Immune System
Pathogen – organisms that cause disease
 An infectious disease is a – disease caused by the presence of a living thing within the body
 Types of pathogens that cause illness:

Bacteria

Viruses

Fungi

Protists

Lines of Defense
First line of defense:
Barriers: skin, breathing passages, mouth and stomach
Second line of defense:
Inflammatory response: WBC, inflammation, fever
Third line of defense:
Immune response: T cells and B cells

Immune Response
 T cells – identify pathogens and distinguish what type they are

Antigens – molecules the immune system recognizes as part of your body or as foreign

Immune Response
•
B cells – produce proteins that destroy pathogens

The proteins are called antibodies

HIV
 Attacks the human immune system directly and destroys T cells