Sem 1
09-10
Final Review
Regular Chem
1
• When elements combine to form
substances consisting of two or more
different atoms
1a
chemical compounds
2
• H2SO4
• How many different elements?
2a
• 3
3
• H2SO4
• How many total atoms of elements?
3a
• 7
4
• 1st energy level holds ? e• 2nd holds ? e-
4a
• 2
• 8
5
• Charged particles are called ?
5a
• Ions -
6
• Bonds that share electrons are called ?
6a
• Covalent Bonds
7
• The elements or compounds
that enter the reaction are
called -
7a
• Reactants
8
• Elements or compounds
produced in a chemical
reaction are called -
8a
• Products
9
• reactants -----> products
• What does the arrow mean?
9a
• To make or to yield
10
• Balance
H2 + O2 -----> H2O
• Write the sum of the coefficients
10a
2 H2 + O2 -----> 2 H2O
Sum of coefficients is 5 (2+1+2)
11
• Balance
Fe2O3 + CO -----> Fe3O4 + CO2
• Find the sum of coefficients
11a
3 Fe2O3 + CO -----> 2 Fe3O4 + CO2
Sum of coefficients is 7 (3+1+2+1)
12
Hydrogen and chlorine react to produce
hydrochloric acid
• Change to a balanced equation
• (remember boot elements are diatomic)
12a
H2 + Cl2 -----> 2HCl
13
• What type of reaction
is this?
13a
• Combination/synthesis
14
• Type of reaction
14a
• decomposition
15
• Zinc plus iodine makes zinciodide
• Write the balanced equation
15a
• Zn + I2  ZnI2
16
• Write the balanced equation for the
decomposition of water
16a
• 2 H2O  2 H2 + O2
17
• Write the single displacement reaction that
makes sodium hydroxide and a gas from
sodium and water
17a
• 2 Na + 2 H2O  2 NaOH + H2
18
• Sr2+ has how many protons, neutrons
and electrons?
18a
• 38 protons, 50 neutrons, and 36 electrons.
19
• A certain metallic element forms a
compound with chlorine, having the
general formula XCl2. The X ion in this
compound has 28 electrons. What is
element X
19a
• Zn
20
• Elements belonging to which group of
the periodic table form ions with a 2+
charge?
20a
• Alkaline Earth Metals
21
• An ion with a positive charge is called a
___________;a negatively charged ion is
called an___________
21a
• cation (pronounced CAT-ion);
• anion (AN-ion).
22
• Give the complete chemical symbols for
the following ions: (a) The ion with 26
protons, 30 neutrons, and 24 electrons; (b)
the phosphorus ion with 16 neutrons and
18 electrons.
22a
• (a) The element whose atoms have 26 protons (atomic #
26) is Fe (iron). The mass number of this isotope is 26 +
30 = 56 (the sum of the protons and neutrons). Because
the ion has two more protons than electrons, it has a net
charge of 2+. Thus, the complete symbol for the ion is
56Fe2+
• (b) By referring to a periodic table or table of elements,
we see that phosphorus (symbol P) has an atomic
number of 15. Thus, each atom has 15 protons. The
mass number of the ion is 15 + 16 = 31. Because the ion
has 15 protons and 18 electrons (three more electrons
than protons), its net charge is 3-. Thus, the complete
symbol for the ion is
31P3-
23
• polyatomic ions are
(give an example as well as a definiton)
23a
• These ions consist of atoms joined as in a
molecule, but they have a net positive or
negative charge
• Ex: NO3– (nitrate ion) & SO42– (sulfate ion).
24
• atoms gain or lose electrons so as to end
up with the same number of electrons as
24a
• the noble gases
25
• Predict the charges expected for the most
stable ions of barium and oxygen.
25a
• Ba 2+ cation.
• O 2- anion
26
• Predict the charge of the most stable ion
of aluminum
26a
• Al 3+
27
• Which elements are considered diatomic
list them
27a
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Boot elements
H2
N2
O2
F2
Cl2
Br2
I2
• At
28
• Which of the following compounds would
you expect to be ionic: N2O, Na2O, CaCl2,
SF4?
28a
• We would predict that the ionic
compounds are Na2O and CaCl2 because
they are composed of a metal combined
with a nonmetal. The other two
compounds, composed entirely of
nonmetals, are molecular.
29
• Which of the following compounds are
molecular: CCI4, FeS, P4O6, PbF2?
29a
• CCI4 and P4O6
• These are non-metals.
• FeS has an electronegativity difference
that puts it in the polar covalent range.
30
• What are the empirical formulas of the
compounds formed by
• (a) Al 3+ and Cl – ions
• (b) Al 3+ and O2- ions
• (c) Mg 2+ and NO3 – ions?
30a
• (a) Three Cl– ions are required to balance the charge of
one Al3+ ion. Thus, the formula is AlCl3.
• (b) Two Al3+ ions are required to balance the charge of
three O2– ions (that is, the total positive charge is 6+,
and the total negative charge is 6-). Thus, the formula is
Al2O3.
• (c) Two NO3– ions are needed to balance the charge of
one Mg2+. Thus the formula is Mg(NO3)2. In this case
the formula for the entire negative ion must be enclosed
in parentheses so that it is clear that the subscript 2
applies to all the atoms of that ion.
31
• (a) Na + and PO4 3–
• (b) Zn 2+ and SO4 2–
• (c) Fe 3+ and CO3 2–
31a
• (a) Na3PO4; (b) ZnSO4; (c) Fe2(CO3)3
32
• How many hydrogen atoms are in
CH3CH(CH3)2?
32a
• 10
33
• Which of the following are ionic and
which are molecular?
•
•
•
•
K2O
CCl4
H2O
N2
33a
• All are either polar covalent (molecular) or
covalent (molecular) except K2O is ionic.
34
• Which of the following compounds is
not an ionic compound?
• NaF2 SrO GaF3 Cs2O CsCl
34a
• All are ionic
35
• Which of the following is incorrectly
named, using the rules for binary
molecular compounds?
• CF4--carbon tetrafluoride
• SbCl3--antimony trichloride
• C2O5--dicarbon pentoxide
• H3As--hydrogen arsenide
• NO2--nitrogen dioxide
35a
• Trihydrogen arsenide would be correct
36
•
•
•
•
•
Which of the following is named
correctly?
barium chloride pentahydrate, BaCl2
6H2O
lithium sulfate, Li2SO3
potassium nitrate, KNO2
sodium chlorite, NaClO
36a
• barium chloride pentahydrate, BaCl2
6H2O
37
• Which of the following statements is
incorrect? Salpeter, KNO3, is really
potassium nitrate. Milk of magnesia,
Mg(OH)2, is really magnesium
hydroxide. Muriatic acid, HCI, is really
hydrochloric acid. Lime, CaO, is really
calcium oxide. Soda ash, Na2CO3, is
really sodium carbonite.
37a
• Soda ash, Na2CO3, is really sodium
carbonite
38
• Which of these acids has a name that
begins with hydro?
• HCl HClO3 HClO2 HClO4 HClO
38a
• HClO
39
• Which name is incorrectly matched
with the given formula?
• SO2 : dioxygen sulfide
• P2O5 : diphosphorus pentoxide
• CO2 : carbon dioxide
• H2O : dihydrogen oxide
• NH3: nitrogen trihydride
39a
• SO2 : dioxygen sulfide
40
• Draw the dot diagram for CH2ClF
40a
41
• Draw the dot diagram for C2H4
41a
42
• Draw the dot diagram for H3PO4
42a
43
• Draw the dot diagram for SO4 2-
43a
•
2-
44
• Name this compound
• CCl4
44a
• Carbon Tetrachloride
45
• Name this compound
• H2SO3
45a
• Chlorous acid