Unit 3 Practice Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
e. neurotransmitter
1. Who believed that bumps on the skull reveal
mental abilities and character traits?
a. Sir Charles Sherrington
b. Stephen Kasslyn
c. Franz Gall
d. Candace Pert
e. Solomon Snyder
2. Your friend is taking her first psychology class.
She comes to you saying, “I don't understand
why we are studying the brain; I thought this
was a psychology class.” Because of your
background in psychology, your best response
should be
a. “It's been known since Aristotle's time that
the brain is the center of intelligence and
thought.”
b. “Phrenologists established the importance
of studying the physical brain to understand
mental abilities.”
c. “Science has demonstrated that Plato's
belief in the heart as the origin of emotion
is correct.”
d. “Everything psychological is
simultaneously biological.”
e. “Being able to name the parts of the brain
helps us understand the basis of behavior.”
3. Which type of psychologist most directly
investigates the links between biological
activity and our thinking and behaviors?
a. behaviorist
b. psychotherapist
c. biological psychologist
d. cognitive psychologist
e. psychometrician
4. The longest part of a motor neuron is likely to
be the
a. dendrite.
b. axon.
c. cell body.
d. synapse.
5. A brief electrical charge that travels down the
axon of a neuron is called the
a. synapse.
b. agonist.
c. action potential.
d. myelin sheath.
e. refractory period.
6. The part of a neuron that transmits neural
messages to other neurons or to muscles or
glands is called the
a. dendrite.
b. synapse.
c. association area.
d. axon.
e. cell body.
7. The slowdown of neural communication in
multiple sclerosis involves a degeneration of
the
a. thresholds.
b. dendrites.
c. endocrine gland.
d. myelin sheath.
e. pituitary gland.
8. The axon of a resting neuron has gates that do
not allow positive sodium ions to pass through
the cell membrane. What is this characteristic
called?
a. myelin sheath
b. threshold
c. selective permeability
d. action potential
e. parasympathetic nervous system
9. Resting potential is to action potential as
________ is to ________.
a. adrenal gland; pituitary gland
b. sensory neuron; motor neuron
c. temporal lobe; occipital lobe
d. polarization; depolarization
e. dendrite; axon
10. The selective permeability of a neural
membrane creates a(n)
a. myelin sheath.
b. resting potential.
c. neural network.
d. reuptake.
e. dendrite.
11. The minimum level of stimulation required to
trigger a neural impulse is called the
a. reflex.
b. threshold.
c. synapse.
d. action potential.
e. refractory period.
12. An all-or-none response pattern is
characteristic of the
a. initiation of neural impulses.
b. release of endorphins into the central
nervous system.
c. release of hormones into the bloodstream.
d. activation of either the sympathetic or the
parasympathetic system.
e. excitation of the antagonistic hormonal
system.
13. Increasing excitatory signals above the
threshold for neural activation will not affect
the intensity of an action potential. This
indicates that a neuron's reaction is
a. inhibited by the myelin sheath.
b. delayed by the refractory period.
c. an all-or-none response.
d. dependent on neurotransmitter molecules.
e. primarily electrical rather than chemical.
14. Neurotransmitters are released from vesicles
located on knoblike terminals at the end of the
a. dendrites.
b. cell body.
c. axon.
d. myelin sheath.
e. synapse.
15. Sir Charles Sherrington observed that impulses
took more time to travel a neural pathway than
he might have anticipated. His observation
provided evidence for the existence of
a. endorphins.
b. hormones.
c. synaptic gaps.
d. interneurons.
e. neural networks.
16. A synapse is a(n)
a. chemical messenger that triggers muscle
b.
c.
d.
e.
contractions.
automatic response to sensory input.
neural network.
junction between a sending neuron and a
receiving neuron.
neural cable containing many axons.
17. Reuptake refers to the
a. movement of neurotransmitter molecules
b.
c.
d.
e.
across a synaptic gap.
release of hormones into the bloodstream.
inflow of positively charged ions through
an axon membrane.
reabsorption of excess neurotransmitter
molecules by a sending neuron.
the ending of the refractory period.
18. When the release of ACh is blocked, the result
is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
depression.
muscular paralysis.
aggression.
schizophrenia.
euphoria.
19. Transferring messages from a motor neuron to
a leg muscle requires the neurotransmitter
known as
a. dopamine.
b. epinephrine.
c. acetylcholine.
d. insulin.
e. endorphin.
20. Opiate drugs occupy the same receptor sites as
a. acetylcholine.
b.
c.
d.
e.
serotonin.
endorphins.
dopamine.
epinephrine.
21. Alzheimer's disease is most closely linked to
the deterioration of neurons that produce
a. dopamine.
b. acetylcholine.
c. epinephrine.
d. endorphins.
e. glutamate.
22. Schizophrenia is most closely linked with
excess receptor activity for the
neurotransmitter
a. dopamine.
b. epinephrine.
c. acetylcholine.
d. serotonin.
e. GABA.
23. An undersupply of the major inhibitory
neurotransmitter known as ________ is linked
to seizures.
a. glutamate
b. GABA
c. serotonin
d. ACh
e. dopamine
24. Migraine headaches are most closely linked
with an
a. oversupply of GABA.
b. undersupply of serotonin.
c. oversupply of glutamate.
d. undersupply of acetylcholine.
e. oversupply of norepinepherine.
25. The tremors of Parkinson's disease result from
the death of nerve cells that produce the
neurotransmitter
a. serotonin.
b. ACh.
c. GABA.
d. dopamine.
e. acetylcholine.
26. Psychoactive drugs interfere with normal
neural transmission. Where does this
interference take place?
a. axon
b. cell body
c. myelin sheath
d. synapse
e. hormones
27. Some opiate drugs have molecular structures so
similar to endorphins that they mimic
endorphin's euphoric effects in the brain,
making these opiate drugs which kind of
molecule?
a. agonists
b. antagonists
c. endorphins
d. endocrines
e. autonomics
28. What are the molecules that are similar enough
to a neurotransmitter to bind to its receptor
sites on a dendrite and mimic that
neurotransmitter's effects called?
a. agonists
b. antagonists
c. endorphins
d. endocrines
e. action potentials
29. Molecules that are similar enough to a
neurotransmitter to bind to its receptor sites on
a dendrite and block that neurotransmitter's
effects are called what?
a. agonists
b. antagonists
c. endorphins
d. endocrines
e. action potentials
30. The body's speedy, electrochemical
information system is called the
a. circulatory system.
b. threshold.
c. action potential.
d. nervous system.
e. endocrine system.
31. For you to be able to run, ________ must relay
messages from your central nervous system to
your leg muscles.
a. interneurons
b. agonists
c. motor neurons
d. sensory neurons
e. the autonomic nervous system
32. The peripheral nervous system is to sensory
neurons as the central nervous system is to
a. motor neurons.
b. neurotransmitters.
c. interneurons.
d. the sympathetic nervous system.
e. the parasympathetic nervous system.
33. The somatic nervous system is a component of
the ________ nervous system.
a. peripheral
b. autonomic
c. central
d. sympathetic
e. parasympathetic
34. When Mr. Valdez thought his 1-year-old
daughter had fallen down the stairs, his
heartbeat accelerated, his blood pressure rose,
and he began to perspire heavily. Mr. Valdez's
state of arousal was activated by his ________
nervous system.
a. parasympathetic
b. sympathetic
c. somatic
d. sensorimotor
e. central
35. Stimulated digestion is to inhibited digestion as
the ________ nervous system is to the
________ nervous system.
a. somatic; autonomic
b. autonomic; somatic
c. central; peripheral
d. sympathetic; parasympathetic
e. parasympathetic; sympathetic
36. Information travels from the spinal cord to the
brain via
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
interneurons.
the circulatory system.
sensory neurons.
the sympathetic nervous system.
the endocrine system.
37. A simple, automatic, inborn response to a
sensory stimulus is called a(n)
a. neural network.
b. action potential.
c. neurotransmitter.
d. reflex.
e. threshold.
38. Neural networks refer to
a. the branching extensions of a neuron.
b. interconnected clusters of neurons in the
central nervous system.
c. neural cables containing many axons.
d. junctions between sending and receiving
neurons.
e. neurons that connect the central nervous
system to the rest of the body.
39. A football quarterback can simultaneously
make calculations of receiver distances, player
movements, and gravitational forces. This best
illustrates the activity of multiple
a. endocrine glands.
b. endorphin agonists.
c. neural networks.
d. endorphin antagonists.
e. thresholds.
40. People can simultaneously process many
aspects of sensory information such as color,
shape, and size. This best illustrates the
functioning of multiple
a. ACh agonists.
b. dendrites.
c. endorphins.
d. neural networks.
e. ACh antagonists.
41. The knee-jerk reflex is controlled by
interneurons in the
a. action potential.
b. spinal cord.
c. resting potential.
d. endocrine system.
e. neurotransmitters.
42. The chemical messengers of the endocrine
system are called
a. neurotransmitters.
b. interneurons.
c. hormones.
d. agonists.
e. antagonists.
43. After a car swerves in front of you on the
highway, you notice that your heart is still
racing, even though you know you are no
longer in danger. Why do the physical
symptoms of fear linger even after we
cognitively realize the danger has passed?
a. Dopamine controls fear, and this chemical
takes a certain amount of time to break
down in your system.
b. Endocrine messages tend to outlast the
effects of neural messages.
c. Excitatory neurotransmitters travel faster
than inhibitory neurotransmitters.
d. The parasympathetic nervous system is less
effective than the sympathetic nervous
system.
e. The adrenal glands tend to act more quickly
than the rest of the endocrine system.
44. Which endocrine gland regulates body growth?
a. parathyroid
b. adrenal
c. thyroid
d. pituitary
e. pancreas
45. At the age of 22, Mrs. LaBlanc was less than 4
feet tall. Her short stature was probably
influenced by the lack of a growth hormone
produced by the
a. pancreas.
b. thyroid.
c. adrenal gland.
d. pituitary gland.
e. myelin.
46. The master gland of the endocrine system is the
a. thyroid gland.
b. adrenal gland.
c. pituitary gland.
d. pancreas.
e. hypothalamus.
47. At puberty, the hypothalamus secretes
gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH),
causing the secretion of gonadotropins by the
pituitary gland. These hormones cause the
ovaries to produce estrogen and testes to
produce testosterone. As the levels of these
hormones rise, they shut down the release of
GnRH and the gonadotropins. This example
illustrates the
a. feedback systems connecting the brain and
endocrine systems.
b. information highway connecting the
peripheral nervous system to the brain.
c. role of agonists and antagonists in the
nervous system.
d. reflex pathways running through the spinal
cord.
e. combined signals of excitatory and
inhibitory connections.
48. Surgical destruction of brain tissue is called
a(n)
a. endorphin.
b. EEG.
c. synapse.
d. lesion.
e. MRI.
49. A brain lesion refers to ________ of brain
tissue.
a. electrical stimulation
b. X-ray photography
c. radioactive bombardment
d. destruction
e. development
50. The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled
brain regions in some patients who have
schizophrenia is to use a(n)
a. EEG.
b. MRI.
c. PET scan.
d. brain lesion.
e. X-ray.
51. To identify which specific brain areas are most
active during a particular mental task,
researchers would be most likely to make use
of a(n)
a. fMRI.
b. hemispherectomy.
c. ACh agonist.
d. brain lesion.
e. MRI.
52. Which of the following techniques would
surgeons use in mapping the areas of the brain
responsible for specific activities, such as
movement or speech?
a. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
b. computed tomography (CT )
c. electroencephalogram (EEG)
d. positron emission tomography (PET)
e. lesion
53. In creating more effective treatments for pain,
researchers would use which of the following
techniques for identifying regions of the brain
that handle pain?
a. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
b. computed tomography (CT )
c. electroencephalogram (EEG)
d. functional MRI (fMRI)
e. lesion
54. The sequence of brain regions from the
evolutionarily oldest to newest is
a. limbic system; brainstem; cerebral cortex.
b. brainstem; cerebral cortex; limbic system.
c. limbic system; cerebral cortex; brainstem.
d. brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex.
e. cerebral cortex; brainstem; limbic system.
55. Your life would be most immediately
threatened if you suffered destruction of the
a. amygdala.
b. hippocampus.
c. angular gyrus.
d. corpus callosum.
e. medulla.
56. The reticular formation is located in the
a. brainstem.
b. limbic system.
c. sensory cortex.
d. motor cortex.
e. cerebellum.
57. Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher
brain regions causes the cat to
a. become violently aggressive.
b. cower in fear.
c. experience convulsive seizures.
d. lapse into a coma.
e. become sexually preoccupied.
58. Which brain structure receives information
from all the senses except smell?
a. hippocampus
b. amygdala
c. pons
d. thalamus
e. medulla.
59. The “little brain” attached to the rear of the
brainstem is called the
a. limbic system.
b. corpus callosum.
c. cerebellum.
d. reticular formation.
e. thalamus.
60. Ellen volunteers during her AP psychology
class to try to balance a yardstick on her two
fingers. While her eyes are open, she finds the
task quite easy. However, when she closes her
eyes, she finds the same task almost
impossible. Which brain region relies on
visual information in coordinating our
voluntary movements?
a. hypothalamus
b. reticular formation
c. thalamus
d. amygdala
e. cerebellum
61. After Kato's serious motorcycle accident,
doctors detected damage to his cerebellum.
Kato is most likely to have difficulty
a. experiencing intense emotions.
b. reading printed words.
c. understanding what others are saying.
d. tasting the flavors of foods.
e. playing his guitar.
62. Thinking about sex (in your brain's cerebral
cortex) can stimulate a region of the limbic
system to secrete hormones. These hormones
trigger the pituitary gland to influence
hormones released by other glands in the body.
Which brain region influences the endocrine
system?
a. hippocampus
b. amygdala
c. thalamus
d. reticular formation
e. hypothalamus
63. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make
a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist
should electrically stimulate the rat's
a. reticular formation.
b. cerebellum.
c. medulla.
d. amygdala.
e. thalamus.
64. Which neural center in the limbic system plays
a central role in emotions such as aggression
and fear?
a. amygdala
b. thalamus
c. cerebellum
d. medulla
e. dendrite
65. When the cat's amygdala is electrically
stimulated the cat prepares to attack by hissing
and arching its back. Which division of the
autonomic nervous system is activated by such
stimulation?
a. somatic
b. parasympathetic
c. central
d. sympathetic
e. sensorimotor
66. Olds and Milner located reward centers in the
brain structure known as the
a. sensory cortex.
b. hypothalamus.
c. cerebellum.
d. medulla.
e. amygdala.
67. The thin surface layer of interconnected neural
cells that covers the cerebrum is called the
a. cerebellum.
b. corpus callosum.
c. reticular formation.
d. cerebral cortex.
e. sensory cortex.
68. Nerve cells in the brain receive life-supporting
nutrients and insulating myelin from
a. glial cells.
b. neurotransmitters.
c. motor neurons.
d. hormones.
e. sensory neurons.
69. One function of the glial cells is to
a. control heartbeat and breathing.
b. mimic the effects of neurotransmitters.
c. provide nutrients to interneurons.
d. stimulate the production of hormones.
e. control the muscle movements involved in
speech.
70. The parietal lobes are to ________ as the
occipital lobes are to ________.
a. hearing; speaking
b. sensing touch; seeing
c. sensing pleasure; sensing pain
d. tasting; smelling
e. speaking; seeing
71. Which region of the brain will a fMRI show as
active when a person is looking at a photo?
a. temporal lobes
b. parietal lobes
c. occipital lobes
d. frontal lobes
e. association areas
72. An area at the rear of the frontal lobes that
controls voluntary movements is called the
a. angular gyrus.
b. hypothalamus.
c. motor cortex.
d. reticular formation.
e. frontal association area.
73. To trigger a person's hand to make a fist, José
Delgado stimulated the individual's
a. motor cortex.
b. hypothalamus.
c. sensory cortex.
d. reticular formation.
e. limbic system.
74. By simply thinking about a move, which
activates their brain cells, people may be able
to move a robotic arm. This best illustrates
a. neurogenesis.
b. constraint-induced therapy.
c. neural prosthetics.
d. magnetic resonance imaging.
e. hemispheric specialization.
75. Our lips are more sensitive than our knees to
sensations of touch due to which of the
following?
a. More neurotransmitters are released when
the lips are touched.
b. A larger area of the sensory cortex is
associated with our lips.
c. The dendrites connected to the lips are
especially sensitive.
d. The medulla routes impulses from the lips
directly to our brainstem.
e. Our lips are directly connected to the
sensory cortex, but our knees are not.
76. The auditory hallucinations experienced by
people with schizophrenia are most closely
linked with the activation of areas in which
brain area?
a. motor cortex
b. amygdala
c. temporal lobes
d. hypothalamus
e. sensory cortex
77. The association areas are located in the
a. spinal cord.
b. brainstem.
c. thalamus.
d. limbic system.
e. cerebral cortex.
78. The cortical regions that are not directly
involved in sensory or motor functions are
known as
a. interneurons.
b. Broca's area.
c. frontal lobes.
d. association areas.
e. parietal lobes.
79. The most extensive regions of the cerebral
cortex, which enable learning and memory, are
called the
a. reticular formation.
b. medulla.
c. sensory areas.
d. cerebellum.
e. association areas.
80. After he suffered a stroke, Mr. Santore's
physical coordination skills and responsiveness
to sensory stimulation quickly returned to
normal. Unfortunately, however, he began to
experience unusual difficulty figuring out how
to find his way to various locations in his
neighborhood. It is most likely that Mr.
Santore suffered damage to his
a. cerebellum.
b. thalamus.
c. hypothalamus.
d. association areas.
e. autonomic nervous system.
81. The process of anticipating that you will be
punished for misbehaving takes place within
the
a. limbic system.
b. sensory cortex.
c. reticular formation.
d. association areas.
e. sympathetic nervous system.
82. In 1861, Paul Broca studied a stroke patient he
called “Tan.” He was called this because as a
result of brain damage it was the only word he
could pronounce. Based on Broca's early
work, which of the following brain regions is
involved in speech production?
a. angular gyrus
b. left temporal lobe
c. sensory cortex
d. left frontal lobe
e. auditory cortex
83. Which brain area is primarily involved with
controlling speech?
a. sensory cortex
b. angular gyrus
c. association areas
d. Broca's area
e. hypothalamus
84. Which brain area is primarily involved with
reading aloud?
a. sensory cortex
b. angular gyrus
c. association areas
d. reticular formation
e. hypothalamus
85. Which of the following best describes how the
brain processes and controls language?
a. Speech is such an important function of the
brain that the right temporal lobe is devoted
to it.
b. Speech is primarily controlled in the
occipital lobes, although association areas
in the parietal lobes are also involved.
c. Subfunctions of speech (such as producing
speech, reading aloud, and understanding
speech) are processed by different parts of
the brain.
d. Men and women process speech in
different parts of the brain, determined
primarily by genetics and early
environmental conditions.
e. The brainstem processes the basic parts of
speech and communicates with the frontal
lobe's motor cortex.
86. Teaching a patient to regain the use of an
impaired limb by limiting his or her use of the
good limb is called
a. functioning magnetic resonance imaging.
b. constraint-induced therapy.
c. neural prosthetics.
d. phrenology.
e. cognitive neuroscience.
87. A person whose hand had been amputated
actually felt sensations on his nonexistent
fingers when his face was stroked. This best
illustrates the consequences of
a. tomography.
b. brain plasticity.
c. lateralization.
d. hemispherectomy.
e. aphasia.
88. After Terry lost a finger in an industrial
accident, the area of his sensory cortex devoted
to receiving input from that finger gradually
became very responsive to sensory input from
his adjacent fingers. This best illustrates
a. phrenology.
b. aphasia.
c. hemispherectomy.
d. plasticity.
e. tomography.
89. When Stoyka was a child, a brain disease
required the surgical removal of her left
cerebral hemisphere. Stoyka is now a
successful high school student who lives a
normal life. Her success best illustrates the
importance of
a. aphasia.
b. reuptake.
c. phrenology.
d. tomography.
e. plasticity.
90. Recent brain research contradicts previously
held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are
actually formed in the brain. What is this
process called?
a. plasticity
b. reuptake
c. neurogenesis
d. reticular formation
e. myelin cells
91. Physical exercise and exposure to stimulating
environments are most likely to promote
a. phrenology.
b. neurogenesis.
c. hemispherectomy.
d. reward deficiency syndrome.
e. plasticity.
92. The localization of a function such as speech
production to the right or left side of the brain
is called
a. neurogenesis.
b. lateralization.
c. hemispherectomy.
d. plasticity.
e. reticular formation.
93. Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-
brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed
HE·ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left
visual field, ART in the right. When asked to
point to the word with their left hand, patients
pointed to
a. HE.
b. ART.
c. HEART.
d. EA.
e. nothing. They were unable to complete the
task.
94. Split-brain patients have had their ________
surgically cut.
a. hippocampus
b. limbic system
c. corpus callosum
d. sensory cortex
e. reticular formation
95. A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left
visual field of a split-brain patient. At the same
time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right
visual field. In identifying what she saw, the
patient would be most likely to
a. use her left hand to point to a picture of a
dog.
b. verbally report that she saw a dog.
c. use her left hand to point to a picture of a
boy.
d. verbally report that she saw a boy.
e. communicate that she saw a picture of a
boy with a dog.
96. The ability to simultaneously copy different
figures with the right and left hand is most
characteristic of those whose ________ has
been cut.
a. angular gyrus
b. reticular formation
c. corpus callosum
d. motor cortex
e. sensory cortex
97. In a recent car accident, Tamiko sustained
damage to his right cerebral hemisphere. This
injury is most likely to reduce Tamiko's ability
to
a. facially express emotions.
b. solve arithmetic problems.
c. understand simple verbal requests.
d. process information in an orderly sequence.
e. control his aggression.
98. Damage to the left cerebral hemisphere is most
likely to reduce people's ability to
a. speak fluently.
b. copy drawings.
c. recognize faces.
d. recognize familiar melodies.
e. see colors.
99. If primed with the flashed word foot, the
________ will be especially quick to recognize
the word heel. If primed with foot, cry, and
glass, the ________ will be especially quick to
recognize the word cut.
a. right hemisphere; left hemisphere
b.
c.
d.
e.
left hemisphere; right hemisphere
cerebellum; brainstem
left hemisphere; left hemisphere
sensory cortex; speech cortex
100. A failure to recognize that one's arm or leg is
part of one's self is most likely to be associated
with damage to the
a. amygdala.
b. hypothalamus.
c. right hemisphere.
d. sympathetic nervous system.
e. left hemisphere.
101. Someone trying to figure out an optical illusion
is probably experiencing increased brain waves
and bloodflow to which brain structure?
a. left hemisphere
b. thalamus
c. reticular formation
d. right hemisphere
e. medulla
102. Someone trying to add a long series of three
digit numbers is probably experiencing
increased brain waves and bloodflow to which
brain structure?
a. left hemisphere
b. thalamus
c. reticular formation
d. right hemisphere
e. medulla
103. Which brain structure might be most active
when answering the question “What do the
following words have in common: plane,
butter, insect?”
a. amygdala
b. reticular formation
c. brainstem
d. left hemisphere
e. right hemisphere
104. French psychiatrist Joseph Capgras described a
patient who reported that imposters had
replaced her husband, children, and herself.
Her inability to recognize the faces of her close
family members or herself suggests that the
a. right hemisphere of her brain was damaged.
b. corpus callosum had been severed.
c. thalamus in the brainstem is not functioning
properly.
d. angular gyrus was compromised leading to
aphasia.
e. left temporal lobe was injured.
105. Consciousness is
a. the ability to solve problems, reason, and
remember.
b. the process of organizing and interpreting
sensory information.
c. effortless encoding of incidental
information into memory.
d. our awareness of ourselves and our
environment.
e. brain waves that indicate we are not
reacting to a stimulus.
106. Which of the following describes evidence for
the brain's dual-processing ability?
a. The right occipital lobe perceives stimuli
from our left visual field.
b. The corpus callosum allows impulses to
travel between the two hemispheres.
c. The brainstem keeps our heart beating
while the cerebral cortex maintains
awareness of the outside world.
d. The amygdala shares responsibility for
some basic emotions with the
hypothalamus and endocrine system.
e. The cerebral cortex is divided into two sets
of lobes on each hemisphere.
107. Which cognitive neuroscience term reflects the
idea that “much of our everyday thinking,
feeling, and acting operates outside our
conscious awareness”?
a. dual processing
b. cerebral cortex
c. reticular formation
d. interneurons
e. limbic system
108. Research into dual processing provides partial
evidence for levels of consciousness similar to
the levels first described by which
psychologist?
a. B. F. Skinner
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Sigmund Freud
d. Mary Calkins
e. Edward Titchener
109. Assessing the relative effects of nature and
nurture on individual differences in personality
would be of most direct interest to
a. evolutionary psychologists.
b. humanistic psychologists.
c. behavior geneticists.
d. Freudian psychologists.
e. psychometricians.
110. When people discuss the “nature vs. nurture”
controversy, Nature refers to ________ and
Nurture refers to ________.
a. genes; heredity
b. chromosomes; genetics
c. biology; environment
d. DNA; hormones
e. thinking; behavior
111. A human sperm cell contains
a. 23 chromosomes.
b. 23 genes.
c. 46 chromosomes.
d. 46 genes.
e. 92 DNA strands.
112. Depending on environmental conditions,
specific genes can be either
a. nature or nurture.
b. active or inactive.
c. identical or fraternal.
d. chromosomes or genomes.
e. sperm or eggs.
113. The information carried in a gene is expressed
as
a. the genome.
b. DNA.
c. a chromosome.
d. a protein.
e. a cell.
114. The genome is the complete
a. collection of sexual characteristics
b.
c.
d.
e.
regulated by the X and Y chromosomes.
range of traits that contribute to
reproductive success.
set of genetic material in an organism's
chromosomes.
set of interactions between genes and
environments.
collection of genetic and hormonal
influences on behavior.
115. Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease
is influenced by
a. hormones.
b. nurture.
c. heredity.
d. natural selection.
e. environment.
116. Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins
are
a. less likely to be the same sex and more
b.
c.
d.
e.
likely to be similar in extraversion.
more likely to be the same sex and more
likely to be similar in extraversion.
more likely to be the same sex and less
likely to be similar in extraversion.
less likely to be the same sex and less likely
to be similar in extraversion.
less likely to be the same sex and equally
likely to be similar in extraversion.
117. When the “Jim twins,” identical twins
separated at birth, were reunited 38 years later,
surprising similarities were discovered.
Although they had married women of the same
name, named their sons and dogs the same
names, one should be cautious before
attributing these similarities to genetic factors
because
a. most twin studies have not been replicated.
b. the Jim twins were raised in completely
different environments.
c. many fraternal twins show greater
psychological differences.
d. any two strangers are likely to share
coincidental similarities.
e. genes influence physical not psychological
characteristics.
118. Adoptive parents are most likely to influence
the ________ of their adopted children.
a. adult height
b. political attitudes
c. adult weight
d. extraversion
e. personality
119. A researcher who assesses the heritability of
intelligence is most likely a(n)
a. humanist.
b. evolutionary psychologist.
c. behavior geneticist.
d. social psychologist.
e. behaviorist.
120. Heritability refers to the extent to which
a. unrelated individuals share common genes.
b. genetic mutations can be transmitted to
one's offspring.
c. trait differences among individuals are
attributable to genetic variations.
d. adult personality is determined by infant
personality.
e. nurture controls a trait rather than nature.
121. Why is it incorrect to say that 50 percent
heritability of intelligence means that the cause
of your intelligence is 50 percent genetic and
50 percent environmental?
a. because heritability accounts for variations
among people, not in specific individuals
b. because nurture controls intelligence levels,
not nature
c. because unrelated individuals share
common genes
d. because genes are the basis for our
behavior, environment has no impact
e. because heritability increases as
environments change
122. An African butterfly that is green in the
summer turns brown in the fall thanks to a
temperature-controlled genetic switch. This
best illustrates that genes are
a. DNA.
b. self-regulating.
c. chromosomes.
d. protein molecules.
e. evolving.
123. The diversity of human traits is enabled by our
shared
a. individualism.
b. chromosomes.
c. natural selection.
d. adaptive capacity.
e. genome.
124. Many genes respond to environmental
conditions, reacting to different environmental
contexts in different ways. This characteristic
of genes is called what?
a. chromosomes
b. genotype
c. heritability
d. self-regulation
e. evolution
125. The unique personalities of children evoke
predictable responses from their caregivers.
This best illustrates the ________ of nature and
nurture.
a. mutation
b. evolution
c. interaction
d. heritability
e. independence
126. Molecular behavior geneticists seek links
between __________ and specific disorders.
a. chromosomes
b. proteins
c. genes
d. environment
e. behavior
127. Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution
of behavior and the mind using principles of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
humanism.
behaviorism.
naturalistic observation.
natural selection.
genome mapping.
128. The reproductive advantage enjoyed by
organisms best suited to a particular
environment is known as
a. self-regulation.
b. behavior genetics.
c. natural selection.
d. heritability.
e. nurture.
129. Natural selection acts on
a. proteins.
b. cells.
c. individuals.
d. siblings.
e. populations.
130. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to
emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety
of different environments has contributed to
human
a. naturalistic observation.
b. genetic mutations.
c. behavior correlations.
d. reproductive success.
e. prenatal development.
131. Dmitry Belyaev and Lyudmila Trut
successfully domesticated wild foxes by means
of
a. heritability.
b. selective mating.
c. gene splicing.
d. hormone injections.
e. training.
132. If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness
contributes to reproductive success, that trait
will likely be passed on to subsequent
generations. This best illustrates
a. mutation.
b. psychopathology.
c. behavior genetics.
d. environment.
e. natural selection.
133. An adaptation is an inherited physical or
behavioral characteristic that
a. increases an organism's chance for survival.
b. is ecologically disruptive.
c. enables an organism to control its
environment.
d. may or may not benefit the organism.
e. has no effect on fitness.
134. How do evolutionary psychologists explain
why pregnant women from cultures across the
world tend to avoid bitter, strongly flavored
foods?
a. Most cultures educate women about the
dangers of certain foods on a developing
fetus.
b. Women and men have genetic differences
in taste preferences.
c. Bitter tastes can be an indication of foods
toxic toward a developing baby, so this
preference developed through natural
selection.
d. Pregnant women tend to associate with one
another and they acquire similar food
preferences through social conformity.
e. Historical preferences toward or against
certain tastes tend to change as cultures
change.
135. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely
to suggest that human preferences for sweettasting foods
a. have hindered human reproduction.
b. are genetically predisposed.
c. correlate to climate conditions.
d. vary widely across cultures.
e. are not passed genetically to children.
136. Evolutionary psychologists would be most
likely to predict that
a. more people are biologically predisposed to
fear guns than to fear snakes.
b. children are more likely to be valued by
their biological fathers than by their
stepfathers.
c. people are the most romantically attracted
to those who are the most genetically
dissimilar to themselves.
d. genetic predispositions have little effect on
our social relationships.
e. environmental influences are more
deterministic than genetic influences.
137. Compared with women, men are ________
likely to sacrifice to gain sex and ________
likely to perceive warm responses as a sexual
come-on.
a. less; more
b. more; less
c. not; less
d. more; more
e. not; more
138. Professor Assad suggested that a cautious
attitude toward sexual encounters has proven to
be more reproductively advantageous to
women than to men because the birth process is
time-consuming. This suggestion best
illustrates the logic of a(n) ________ theory of
sexual behavior.
a. evolutionary
b. social learning
c. Freudian
d. behaviorist
e. humanistic
139. Professor Archibald suggests that men are
more likely than women to initiate recreational
sex because this has historically served to be a
more successful reproductive strategy for men
than for women. The professor's suggestion
best illustrates a(n) ________ theory.
a. social learning
b. evolutionary
c. behaviorist
d. Freudian
e. cognitive
140. Males in their ________ are most likely to be
sexually attracted to women who are several
years older rather than several years younger
than themselves.
a. teens.
b.
c.
d.
e.
twenties.
thirties.
forties.
fifties.
141. Evolutionary psychologists would be most
likely to predict that men will marry women
who are ________ than they are.
a. less wealthy
b. less physically attractive
c. more sexually experienced
d. younger
e. more aggressive toward sexual rivals
142. Researchers found that women rated men
higher as potential long-term mates when they
spent more time looking at baby pictures. This
finding suggests that
a. women are drawn to youthful, healthy
appearing men.
b. women prefer men who express interest in
caring for joint offspring.
c. men approach sex as being more relational.
d. women have a lower threshold for
perceiving warm responses as sexual.
e. men are less attracted to women who are
likely to reproduce.
143. Research suggests that young men prefer older
women, mid-twenties men prefer women their
own age, and older men prefer younger
women. Based on this finding, evolutionary
psychologists suggest that men
a. view sex as being more relational.
b. are attracted to women with peak fertility.
c. prefer mates who are interested in longterm relationships.
d. have a higher threshold for perceiving
warm responses as sexual.
e. are less concerned with sending their genes
into the future.
144. Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that
women prefer monogamy and men promiscuity
in ensuring the survival of their genetic
material. However, monogamous relationships
can also be explained using an evolutionary
perspective. This best illustrates which of the
following criticisms of evolutionary
psychology?
a. Evolutionary psychology justifies
traditional sexist attitudes.
b. Evolutionary psychology undercuts moral
responsibility for human behavior.
c. Evolutionary psychology is based on a fatal
flaw; just because a trait exists it doesn't
mean it is adaptive.
d. Evolutionary psychology works backward
to propose an explanation; thus, any
behavior can be explained.
e. Evolutionary psychology assumes that
human behavior has been stable long
enough for it to evolve.
145. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to
be criticized for
a. providing hindsight explanations for human
behaviors.
b. failing to consider unconscious
motivations.
c. overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn
and adapt to a variety of environments.
d. underestimating gender differences in mate
selection.
e. overestimating cultural differences in
human sexual behaviors.
146. Which of the following fictional research
findings is the best evidence against the idea
that “biology is destiny”?
a. Early humans gradually developed
aversions to bitter-tasting foods because
many poisons were bitter.
b. Babies are born with the ability to turn
away from frightening stimuli.
c. Cognitive therapy can help people change
unwanted personality traits.
d. Testosterone levels are associated with
incarceration rates.
e. Women have larger and more active brain
structures than men.
147. According to opinion polls, how do scientists
and nonscientists react differently to the idea of
evolution?
a. Scientists are mostly (66%) agreed that
evolution is a valid theory, and most
nonscientists believe evolution describes
the natural world well.
b. There is widespread consensus among
scientists that evolution is scientific fact,
but half of U.S. adults do not believe in
evolution.
c. Most “hard” scientists, like physicists and
chemists, think that evolutionary theory is
unnecessarily complex, and most
nonscientists agree.
d. Scientists and most nonscientists agree that
evolutionary theory describes animal
development well, but not human
development.
e. Belief in evolutionary theory is split along
religious lines among scientists and
nonscientists.
148. Which statement best reflects current
psychology's understanding of the relationship
between nature and nurture?
a. nature versus nurture
b. nature or nurture
c. nature alone
d. nurture alone
e. nature via nurture
149. Which psychological perspective most directly
addresses questions about the relative
influences of nature and nurture?
a. behavioral perspective
b. humanistic perspective
c. psychopharmacology
d. cognitive perspective
e. biopsychosocial perspective
150. Mamie is terrified of spiders. She tells her best
friend, “Everybody in my family is afraid of
spiders, so it must be genetic. ” Using the
biopsychosocial approach to understanding her
behavior, Mamie should
a. reduce her experiences with spiders to her
immediate sensations and feelings.
b. focus on possible unconscious motivations
for her fears.
c. examine additional psychological and
social-cultural influences on fear.
d. examine how fear is adaptive and has
contributed to her ancestors' survival.
e. explore how her perceptions affect her fear
of spiders.
Unit 3 Practice Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 51 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
1
TOP: Biological bases of behavior
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 51 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
1
TOP: Biological bases of behavior
MSC: Conceptual | Application
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 52 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
1
TOP: Biological bases of behavior
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 53 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 53 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 53 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 53 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 54 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 54 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Conceptual
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 54 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 54 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 55 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 55 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
2
TOP: Neurons
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 55 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
3
TOP: How neurons communicate
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
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Page 55 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
3
TOP: How neurons communicate
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 55 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
3
TOP: How neurons communicate
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 55 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
3
TOP: How neurons communicate
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 56 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us
Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 56 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us
Conceptual
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us
Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us (TableA 3.1)
Factual | Definitional
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us (TableA 3.1)
Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us (TableA 3.1)
Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us (TableA 3.1)
Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How neurotransmitters influence us (TableA 3.1)
Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How drugs and other chemicals alter neurotransmission
Conceptual | Application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How drugs and other chemicals alter neurotransmission
Conceptual | Application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 57 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
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TOP: How drugs and other chemicals alter neurotransmission
Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 58 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
4
TOP: How drugs and other chemicals alter neurotransmission
Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 59 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The nervous system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 59 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The peripheral nervous system
MSC: Conceptual | Application
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 59 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The peripheral nervous system
MSC: Conceptual
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 59 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The peripheral nervous system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 59 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The peripheral nervous system
MSC: Conceptual | Application
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 59 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The peripheral nervous system
MSC: Conceptual
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 61 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The central nervous system
MSC: Conceptual
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 61 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The central nervous system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 61 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The central nervous system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 61 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The central nervous system
MSC: Conceptual | Application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 61 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The central nervous system
MSC: Conceptual | Application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 61 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
5
TOP: The central nervous system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 62 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
6
TOP: The endocrine system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 63 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
6
TOP: The endocrine system
MSC: Conceptual | Application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
45.
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Page 63 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
6
TOP: The endocrine system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 63 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
6
TOP: The endocrine system
MSC: Conceptual | Application
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 63 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
6
TOP: The endocrine system
MSC: Factual | Definitional
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 63 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3A—Neural Processing and the Endocrine System
6
TOP: The endocrine system
MSC: Conceptual | Application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 67 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
1
TOP: The tools of discovery
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 67 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
1
TOP: The tools of discovery
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 68 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
1
TOP: The tools of discovery
MSC: Factual | Definitional
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 68 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
1
TOP: The tools of discovery
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 68 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
1
TOP: The tools of discovery
MSC: Conceptual | Application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 68 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
1
TOP: The tools of discovery
MSC: Conceptual | Application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 69 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
2|3
TOP: Older brain structures
MSC: Conceptual
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 69 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
2
TOP: The brainstem
MSC: Conceptual | Application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 70 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
2
TOP: The brainstem
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 70 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
2
TOP: The brainstem
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 70 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
2
TOP: The thalamus
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 70 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
2
TOP: The cerebellum
MSC: Factual | Definitional
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 70 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
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TOP: The cerebellum
MSC:
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 70 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
2
TOP: The cerebellum
MSC:
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 72 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
3
TOP: The limbic system
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 71 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
3
TOP: The amygdala
MSC:
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 71 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
3
TOP: The amygdala
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 71 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
3
TOP: The amygdala
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 72 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
3
TOP: The hypothalamus
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 74 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
4
TOP: The cerebral cortex
MSC:
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 74 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
4
TOP: Structure of the cortex
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 74 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
4
TOP: Structure of the cortex
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 74 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
4
TOP: Structure of the cortex
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 74 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
4
TOP: Structure of the cortex
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 75 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Functions of the cortex
MSC:
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 75 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Functions of the cortex
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 76 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Functions of the cortex
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 77 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Functions of the cortex
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 78 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Functions of the cortex
MSC:
Conceptual | Application
Conceptual | Application
Factual | Definitional
Conceptual | Application
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Conceptual
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
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PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 78 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Association areas
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 78 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Association areas
MSC:
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 78 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Association areas
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 79 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Association areas
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 79 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
5
TOP: Association areas
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 80 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
6
TOP: The cerebral cortex: Language
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 80 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
6
TOP: The cerebral cortex: Language
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 80 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
6
TOP: The cerebral cortex: Language
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 80 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
6
TOP: The cerebral cortex: Language
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 82 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
7
TOP: The brain's plasticity
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 82 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
7
TOP: The brain's plasticity
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 83 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
7
TOP: The brain's plasticity
MSC:
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 83 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
7
TOP: The brain's plasticity
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 83 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
7
TOP: The brain's plasticity
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 83 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
7
TOP: The brain's plasticity
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 83 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
8
TOP: Splitting the brain
MSC:
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Conceptual | Application
Conceptual
Conceptual | Application
Conceptual | Application
Conceptual | Application
Conceptual | Application
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Conceptual | Application
Conceptual | Application
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
94.
95.
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Page 84 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
8
TOP: Splitting the brain
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 84 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
8
TOP: Splitting the brain
MSC:
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 85 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
8
TOP: Splitting the brain
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 85 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
8
TOP: Splitting the brain
MSC:
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 86 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
8
TOP: Splitting the brain
MSC:
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 86 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
8
TOP: Splitting the brain
MSC:
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 87 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
9
TOP: Right-left differences in the intact brain
Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 87 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
9
TOP: Right-left differences in the intact brain
Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 87 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
9
TOP: Right-left differences in the intact brain
Conceptual | Application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 87 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
9
TOP: Right-left differences in the intact brain
Conceptual | Application
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 87 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
9
TOP: Right-left differences in the intact brain
Factual | Definitional
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 87 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
9
TOP: Right-left differences in the intact brain
Conceptual | Application
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 89 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
10
TOP: The brain and consciousness
MSC:
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 90 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
10
TOP: The brain and consciousness
MSC:
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 90 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Conceptual
Factual | Definitional
Conceptual | Application
Factual | Definitional
Factual | Definitional
Conceptual
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10
TOP: The brain and consciousness
MSC: Conceptual
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 90 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3B—The Brain
10
TOP: The brain and consciousness
MSC: Conceptual
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 95 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
1
TOP: Behavior genetics: Predicting individual differences
Conceptual
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 95 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
1
TOP: Behavior genetics: Predicting individual differences
Factual | Definitional
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 95 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
1
TOP: Genes: Our codes for life
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 95 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
1
TOP: Genes: Our codes for life
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 95 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
1
TOP: Genes: Our codes for life
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 96 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
1
TOP: Genes: Our codes for life
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 97 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
2
TOP: Twin and adoption studies
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 97 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
2
TOP: Twin and adoption studies
MSC: Conceptual
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 98 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
2
TOP: Twin and adoption studies
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 100 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
2
TOP: Biological versus adoptive relatives
Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 100 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
3
TOP: Heritability MSC: Conceptual
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 100 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
3
TOP: Heritability MSC: Factual | Definitional
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 100 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
3
TOP: Heritability MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 101 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
3
TOP: Nature and nurture
MSC: Factual | Definitional
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PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 101 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
3
TOP: Nature and nurture
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 101 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
3
TOP: Nature and nurture
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 102 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
3
TOP: Gene-environment interaction
MSC: Conceptual
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 102 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
4
TOP: The new frontier: Molecular genetics
Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 103 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Evolutionary psychology: Understanding human nature
Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 103 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Evolutionary psychology: Understanding human nature
Factual | Definitional
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 103 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Natural selection and adaptation
MSC: Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 103 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Natural selection and adaptation
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 103 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Natural selection and adaptation
MSC: Factual | Definitional
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 103 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Natural selection and adaptation
MSC: Conceptual | Application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 104 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Natural selection and adaptation
MSC: Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 104 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Evolutionary success helps explain similarities
Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 105 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Outdated tendencies
MSC: Factual | Definitional
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 105 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
5
TOP: Evolutionary psychology today
MSC: Conceptual
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 105 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
6
TOP: Gender differences in sexuality
MSC: Factual | Definitional
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A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 106 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
6
TOP: Natural selection and mating preferences
Conceptual | Application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 106 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
6
TOP: Natural selection and mating preferences
Conceptual | Application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 106 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
6
TOP: Natural selection and mating preferences
Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 106 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
6
TOP: Natural selection and mating preferences
Conceptual
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 106 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
6
TOP: Natural selection and mating preferences
Conceptual
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 106 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
6
TOP: Natural selection and mating preferences
Factual | Definitional
D
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 107 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
7
TOP: Critiquing the evolutionary perspective
Conceptual
A
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 107 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
7
TOP: Critiquing the evolutionary perspective
Factual | Definitional
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Difficult
Page 108 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
8
TOP: Reflections on nature and nurture
MSC: Conceptual
B
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 108 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
8
TOP: Reflections on nature and nurture
MSC: Conceptual
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Easy
Page 108 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
8
TOP: Reflections of nature and nurture
MSC: Factual | Definitional
E
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 108 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
8
TOP: Reflections on nature and nurture (text and FigureC 3.4)
Conceptual
C
PTS: 1
DIF: Medium
Page 108 | Section- Biological Bases of Behavior: 3C—Genetics-Evolutionary Psychology-and Behavior
8
TOP: Reflections of nature and nurture
MSC: Conceptual | Application