By: Brigid Tracy; Haylee Alonso; Jess
Duthie; Nicole Chagachbanian, Hannah
Grogan
Skinning
Pectoralis
Major
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Origin: cranial half of
sternum
Insertion: proximal
third of the humerus
Action: adduction of
the forelimb
Pectoralis Minor
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Origin: six vertebrae
or xiphoid process
Insertion: ventral
border of the
humerus
Action: adduction of
the forelimb
External Oblique
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Origin: lumbodorsal
fascia of the caudal
ribs
Insertion: sternum
and along linea alba
Action: compression
of the abdomen
Internal Oblique
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Origin: lumbodorsal
fascia of the caudal
ribs
Insertion: sternum
and along the linea
alba
Action: compression
of the abdomen
Transverse
abdominis
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Origin: aponeurosis of
the caudal costal
cartilages, lumbar
vertebrae, and ventral
border of ilium
Insertion: along linea
alba
Action: compresses
the abdomen
Rectus Abdominis
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Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: cartilage of
the S’h-7’h ribs and
the xiphoid
Action: compresses
the abdomen and
flexes the trunk
Trapezius
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Origin: 7th thoracic
vertebrae and
thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: acromion
process, scapula, and
clavicle
Action: extends
humerus, adducts
scapula
Latissimus Dorsi
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Origin: 4th or 5th
thoracic vertebrae to
the 6th lumbar
vertebrae
Insertion: Medial
surface of the
humerus
Action: pulls forelimb
dorsocaudally
Sternomastoid
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Origin: cranial border
of the manubrium
Insertion: lamboidal
ridge and mastoid
process of the
temporal bone
Action: contraction by
both will flex head;
individual contraction
will rotate head
Cleidomastoid
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Origin: mastoid
process of temporal
bone
Insertion: lamboidal
ridge and mastoid
process of the
temporal bone
Action: contraction by
both will flex head;
individual contraction
will rotate head
Biceps Brachii
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Origin: scapula
Insertion: radius
Action: flexion of the
forearm, but also
supinates the Manus
and stabilizes the
shoulder joint
Triceps Brachii
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Origin: lateral head of
the humerus; long
head (scapula);
medial head (medial
side of humerus)
Insertion: Olecranon
process of ulna
Action: extension of
antebrachium
Sartorius
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Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: fascia
surrounding the knee
and tibia
Action: adduction and
rotation of the femur
and extensions of the
shank
Gracilis
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Origin: Ischium and
pubis
Insertion: thin Apo
neurosis associated
with the shank
Action: adducts and
retracts the thigh
Biceps Femoris
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Origin: one head in
the cat; ischium
Insertion: tibia and
patella
Action: abducts the
thigh and flexes the
shank
Semitendinosis
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Origin: ischium
Insertion: medial
surface of the tibia
Action: flexes lower
leg
Vastus Medialis
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Origin: shaft of the
femur
Insertion: tibia
Rectus Femoris
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Origin: ilium near
acetabulum
Insertion: tibia
Vastus Lateralis
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Origin: greater
trochanter and shaft
of femur
Insertion: tibia
Gastrocnemius
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Origin: lateral head
(patella/femur/tibia)
medial head (femur)
Insertion: Achilles
tendon that attaches
to calcaneus bone
Action: extends the
pes and flexes the
antebrachium
Achilles tendon
Gluteus Maximus
(smaller)
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Origin: transverse
processes of the last
sacral and first caudal
verterbrae
Insertion: greater
trochanter of femur
Action: abducts thigh
Gluteus Medius (bigger)
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Origin: iliac crest, last
sacral vertebrae, 1’
caudal vertebrae
Insertion: greater
trochanter of the
femur
Action: abducts the
thigh
External Intercostals
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Origin: cranial rib
Insertion: adjacent
caudal rib
Action: protraction of
the irbs, which is
required for
inspiration
Longissimus Dorsi
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Origin: spines of
vertebrae; ilium
Insertion: processes
of more cranial
vertebrae
Action: extends the
vertebral column
Gastrointestinal tract
Long winding tube that carries
food through its length
Esophagus: Liver: Stomach: Small
Intestine: Large intestine:
Accessory organs
Supportive organs that lie
outside the GI tract (teeth
salivary glands, liver,
gallbladder, and pancreas)
Diaphragm
An internal muscular
partition dividing the
thoracic and
abdominopelvic cavity
Lingual frenulum
The ventral fold of tissue
attaching the tongue to
the floor of the mouth
Filiform
Sharp projections off of
the cats tongue to give a
friction surface for
grooming
Esophagus
Long, muscular tube that
transports swallowed
materials from the
pharynx to the stomach
(behind trachea)
Mesentery
Double layer of
peritoneum that extends
from the visceral
peritoneum of the small
and large intestines to
the dorsal abdominal
wall
Liver
Prominent, dark-brown
organ lying immediately
deep to the diaphragm
with most of its bulk on
the right side
Gallbladder
Thin walled sac that
receives newly
manufactured bile from
the liver for temporary
storage
Stomach
J-Shaped enlargement of
the GI tract; functions as
a temporary reservoir for
swallowed food
Small Intestine
Long winding tube that
finalizes chemical
digestion and is the only
side for nutrient
absorption
Large Intestine
Caudal portion of the GI
tract; absorbs water
from the contents that
arrive from the small
intestine, prepares and
forms the feces
Rectum
Terminal segment of the
large intestine
Pancreas
Located just below the
greater curvature of the
stomach; functions in the
secretion of hormones
that regulate blood sugar
levels, secretion of
digestive enzymes and
sodium bicarbonate
Larynx
Box like structure
composed of 5 cartilages
that create a small
chamber; houses the
vocal cords which
produces sound when
exhaled air in channeled
through
Trachea
Tubular air passageway
extending from the
larynx to the thoracic
vertebra, where it
divides
Lungs
Multi-lobed structures
located lateral, cranial,
and caudal to the heart;
consists of many airfilled alveoli
Kidneys
Bean shaped organs
partially embedded in fat
against the dorsal body
wall
Ureters
Narrow tubes that
transport urine from the
kidneys to the urinary
bladder at the base of
the pelvic cavity
Urinary Bladder
Reservoir for urine; has
the ability to expand
Thoracic Cavity
(or chest cavity) is the
chamber of the human body
(and other animal bodies)
that is protected by
the thoracic wall
(thoraciccage and
associated skin, muscle, and
fascia).
Pleural Cavity
a closed space (like the
inside of a balloon) within
which the lung has grown.
As the lung grows into the
space, it picks up a layer of
pleura (outside of balloon)
and this is called the visceral
pleura. The remainder of the
pleura is called the parietal
pleura.
Pericardial Cavity
or pericardial space) is a
potential space between the
parietal pericardium and
visceral layer. It contains a
supply of serous fluid. The
serous fluid that is found in
this space is known as
thepericardial fluid.
Apex and Base
Base: The part of the heart
formed mainly by the left
atrium and to a lesser extent
by the posterior part of the
right atrium, directed
backward and to the right, and
separated from the vertebral
column by the esophagus and
aorta.
Apex: the blunt extremity of
the heart formed by the left
ventricle
Family Picture