DNA/RNA/Protein Synthesis Test Review
Part 1: Matching: Match the term in the first column with its corresponding description in the
second column.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Nucleotide
Double Helix
Deoxyribose
Codon
Anticodon
A. group of three sequential bases of
mRNA
b. group of three sequential bases of
tRNA
c. repeating subunits/building blocks
of DNA and RNA
d. spiral shape of DNA
e. sugar found in DNA
Part 2: Multiple Choice: Choose the most correct answer.
6. DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a. Each with two new strands
b. One with two new strands and the other with two original strands
c. Each with one new and one original strand.
d. Each with two original strands
7. Unlike DNA, RNA contains…
a. Adenine
b. Uracil
c. Guanine
d. Thymine
8. Nitrogen bases are held together by weak bonds called…
a. Hydrogen bonds
b. Covalent bonds
c. Ionic bonds
d. Peptide bonds
9. A DNA molecule is unzipped/split in two by what type of enzyme?
a. Polymerase
b. Enzymease
c. Helicase
d. Aspartic acid
10. The sugar found in RNA is...
a. Sucrose
b. Deoxyribose
c. Fructose
d. Ribose
11. Where in the cell is the site of transcription?
a. Cytoplasm
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleus
d. Endoplasmic Reticulum
12. Where in the cell is the site of translation?
a. Vacuole
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleus
d. Endoplasmic Reticulum
13. This type of bond holds an amino acid/protein together.
a. Hydrogen
b. Covalent
c. Peptide
d. Ionic
14. Concerning complimentary base pairing, Uracil is match with…
a. Thymine
b. Adenine
c. Cytosine
d. Guanine
15. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
a. 3
b. 6
c. 9
d. 12
16. Transporting amino acids to ribosomes for assembly into needed proteins is the function of…
a. DNA
b. tRNA
c. mRNA
d. rRNA
17. Which of the following is not a type of RNA?
a. Ribosomal RNA
b. Messenger RNA
c. Transfer RNA
d. Protein RNA
18. Which of the following most accurately describes the structure of a nucleotide?
a. Protein, phosphate group, nitrogen base
b. Amino acid, sugar, nitrogen base
c. Phosphate group, sugar, carbohydrate
d. Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base
19. Before a cell divides, it must duplicate its DNA in a process known as…
a. Replication
b. Translation
c. Transcription
d. Transformation
20. The process by which polypeptide/proteins are assembled using the mRNA code is….
a. Replication
b. Translation
c. Transcription
d. Transformation
21. The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA is...
a. Replication
b. Translation
c. Transcription
d. Transformation
Part 3: Short Answers:
Use the charts below to help you with questions 23. They will both give you the same answer.
First, take the following DNA strand and write the corresponding mRNA strand on the line.
TAC/ GCA/TTA/CGT/GCA/ACT
22. ________________________________________________________
Next, write amino acid sequence that corresponds with your answer to 22.
23. ________________________________________________________
Finally, write the tRNA that corresponds to your answer in 23.
24. ________________________________________________________
25. Compare and contract DNA and RNA by filling in the chart below.
DNA
RNA
Sugar
Bases (4 each)
# of strands
Location in the cell
26. Compare and contrast the three different types of RNA
Name
Function
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
27. Briefly explain what happens in transcription and where it occurs.
28. Briefly explain what happens in translation and where it occurs.
29. Explain why a change in the DNA sequence may or may not causes a different protein (mutation) to be
created.
30. If the 1st C was deleted in the DNA Sequence: TAC ATG CCG GCA, what would happen? (Hint:
transcribe the DNA into mRNA)
31. Explain the 3 aspects of processing that need to occur before mRNA can leave the nucleus.