Name ___________________
Period___________ KEEP
Vocabulary- The Nature Of Matter
Atom-
The smallest particle of an element that has the
chemical properties of that element
1. Smallest way to describe matter
2. Shown in a model
 Planetary (simplest)
 Bohr (common-different ring levels)
 Cloud (today)
Nucleus-
The dense central part of an atom
Protons and neutrons are found here
Proton-
A positively charged subatomic particle of an atom
1. Found in the nucleus
2. Has mass and a positive charge
Neutron-
A neutral subatomic particle of an atom
1. Found in the nucleus
2. Has mass but NO charge (neutral)
Electron-
A negatively charged subatomic particle of an
atom
1. NOT found in the nucleus
2. They move on imaginary rings outside of the
nucleus
3. Has NO mass and a negative charge
Shell/Ring-
The distance from the nucleus that a certain
amount of electrons can reside
Elements-
A pure substance that only contains one kind of
atom
1. Example- Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Gold
Periodic Table
Of Elements-
Atomic Number-
A graphic organizer of the elements showing each
element represented by a single atom’s properties.
Each element is shown in order of the atom’s
atomic number and chemical symbol
1. Discovered by Demitri Mendeleev
2. Progressive in nature
3. Shows elements in terms of metals and nonmetals
4. Shows physical property categories
The number of protons in an atom of an element
1.
2.
Atomic Symbol-
Shown in the upper left corner of an element box
Used to organize the periodic table of elements
Letter or letters used to represent an element
1. Capital letter and 1 or 2 lower case letters
Atomic Mass(weight)
Amount of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of
an atom of an element
1. Shown in the upper right corner of an element box
Ion-
An electrically charged atom
1. Loses an electron- positive
2. Gains an electron- negative
Isotope-
An atom of an element that varies in the amount of
neutrons, affecting the atomic mass
1. Example- Hydrogen always has one proton but can
have no neutrons, one neutron, or two neutrons in
its nucleus
Chemical Change-
A change in which one or more new substances are
formed
1. Examples- Souring milk, lighting something on fire,
water molecules, table salt
2. Change is a result of a chemical reaction:
 Synthesis (putting together)
 Decomposition (breaking up)
 Single replacement (one gets replaced)
 Double replacement (both get replaced)
(Pure)Substance-
A material that always has the same makeup and
properties, wherever it is found
1. Elements
2. Compounds
Compound-
A substance made up of two or more elements that
are chemically combined
Molecule-
A singular quantity of a compound
Chemical Bond-
A force or link that holds atoms together in a
molecule
Chemical Formula-
A group of symbols that show the elements in a
molecule of a compound
Subscript-
The number to the right and below a symbol in a
chemical formula
1. It demonstrates how many atoms of that element are
in the chemical formula
Chemical Sentence-
A sentence used to express the chemical reaction
of compounds and elements
1. Example- CaCO
CaO+CO
a. This symbol equals “produces”
+
This symbol equals “and”
Mixture-
A combination of substances that retain their
original properties
1. Can be separated using physical means
Solution-
A mixture in which the different particles of matter
are spread evenly throughout
1. Solvent-greatest amount
2. Solute-smaller amount
3. Alloy- a solution of two or more metal elements
that create their own properties
Suspension-
A uniform mixture that contains particles that are
large enough to be seen
1. They don’t stay mixed
2. Example
Colloid-
A uniform mixture that contains particles too small
to be seen
1. Example
Matter
Pure Substances
Elements
Compounds
Mixtures
Evenly mixed
Solution
Unevenly mixed
Suspension
Colloid