Boat Crew Notes
Fatigue
Fatigue Causes
- Operating in extreme hot or cold conditions
- Eye strain
- Effort of holding and maintaining balance
- Stress
- Exposure to noise
- Exposure to sun
- Poor physical conditioning
- Lack of sleep
- Boredom
Crew Responsibility
- Watch each other’s condition to prevent excessive fatigue from taking its toll.
Symptoms
- Inability to focus
- Mental confusion or judgment error
- Decreased motor skills and sensory ability
- Increased irritability
- Decreased performance
- Decreased concern for safety
Prevention
- Adequate rest
- Appropriate dress for conditions
- Rotate crew duties
- Provide food and refreshments
- Observe other crewmembers for signs
Motion Sickness
Motion sickness is nausea caused by an imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear
that senses motion
Causes
- Mental and physical stress from the rolling or pitching motion of a boat.
- Chart work or other tasks that require close attention.
Symptoms
- Nausea and vomiting
- Increased salivation
- Unusual paleness
Sweating
- Drowsiness
- Weakness
- Stomach discomfort
Prevention
- Stay out of confined spaces
- Stay above deck in fresh air
- Look towards the horizon or shoreline
- Avoid smoking
Medication
- Scopolamine patches
Team Coordination
Seven Team Coordination Skills
- Leadership
- Mission Analysis
- Adaptability & Flexibility
- Situation Awareness
- Decision-Making
- Communication
- Assertiveness
Bleeding Control
Control of severe hemorrhage is always urgent. With only 10 pints of blood in the human body, arterial
bleeding can cause death in a short time.
Types of Bleeding
- Arterial
o Blood coming from an artery, bright red, gushes in jets with pulse
- Venous
o Blood coming from a vein, dark red, steady flow
- Capillary
o Blood coming from smaller vein, bright red, oozes from wound
Control of Bleeding
- Bandage
- Direct Pressure
- Pressure Points
o Facial
o Temporal
o Subclavian
o Carotid
o Axiillary
o Brachial
 Child pulse
o Radial
o Femoral
o Popliteal
o Doralis Pedis
- Tourniquet
Burns
Causes of burns
- Thermal
- Chemical
- Sunburn
- Electric Shock
- Radiation
Burn Classification / Burn First Aid
- First-Degree
o Outer layer of skin, redness, warmth, tenderness and mild pain.
 Immerse in cool water
 Flush chemical for 20 min
 Cover with clean sterile dressing
- Second- Degree
o Inner Layers of skin, not prevent rapid regeneration, blisters, severe pain, redness and
warmth.
 Same a 1st
 Don’t break blisters
- Third-Degree
o Penetrate full thickness of skin, possible white and lifeless to black.
 Same as 1st and 2nd
 Cover burn reduce air exposure
 Don’t remove clothing unless smoldering
 Treat for shock
 Assess vitals every 5 min.
 No ice
 No ointment
CPR
CPR Procedures
- Area safe
- PPE, Gloves etc.
- Check responsiveness “Are you OK?”
- Notify EMS
- Put on their back
- Tilt head back
- Look, Listen & Feel for 5-10 sec.
- 2 breaths 2 sec. each
- Look, Listen & Feel
- 2 breaths to 30 compressions
Hypothermia & Cold Water Survival
Hypothermia Symptoms
- Pale
- Skin cold
- Pupils are dilated
- Poor coordination
- Slurred speech
- Incoherent thinking
- Unconsciousness
- Muscle rigidity
- Weak pulse
- Labored breathing
- Irregular hear beat
(HELP) Heat Escape Lessoning Position
Heat Exhaustion
Symptoms
- When suffering from heat exhaustion, a person collapses and sweats profusely. The victim has
pale skin, a pounding heart, nausea, headache, and acts restless
Heat Stroke
Symptoms
- Red skin, hot and dry to the touch (cessation of sweating).
- Characteristic body temperature above 105° F (40.5° C).
- Headache.
- Weak and rapid pulse.
- Confusion, violence, lack of coordination, delirium, and/or unconsciousness.
- Brain damage (if immediate medical treatment is not given).
Survival Vest and Contents
Survival Vest
- Type V PFD
- 6 pockets
Contents
- Signaling Mirror
o Great Distances
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Signal Whistle
o Heard up to 1,100 yards
Smoke and Illumination Signal, MK-124
o 20 sec. burn time, day end orange smoke, night end red flair, 45°
Illumination Signal Kit, MK-79
o 250-650 feet, 4.5 sec burn time, 12,000 candle power, 7 MK-80s & 1 MK-31
Distress Signal Light
o Intermittent flashing white, 100,000 candle power, 9hr cont. 18hr inter., vis. 5 miles
Survival Knife
Personal Locator Beacon
o 406 MHz & 121.5 MHz, within 3NM in 90min.,
Capsizing & Emergency Egress
Egress Procedures
- Brace for impact
- Remain strapped in until motion has subsided
- Plan egress with crew
o Best swimmer first then the weakest swimmer
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Swim clear and away
Muster account for missing
Remain upwind/up current
Attempt to climb on hull
Check injuries provide first aid
Inventory signaling equipment, PLB
Check for gas before lighting off pyro
Stay with the boat
Boat Nomenclature & Terminology
Boat Outfit List & Stowage Plan
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Anchor Compartment
o Fortress 7lb Anchor
o 250ft Anchor line
o 3/8” Galvanized anchor shackle (4 ea)
o 3/8” Galvanized swivel
o ¼”x4’ PVC coated anchor chain
o 5 ½”x20” Fender (2 ea)
o 25’ Mooring Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN
FWD Compartment
o Fire Extinguisher
FWD Compartment (B Class)
o Spare kill switch lanyard
o 3/16” T-Allen wrench
o 90° Phillips screwdriver
FWD STBD Seat
o Nav. Kit
 Briefcase w/ CG logo
 Pencils
 China Markers
 Gum Eraser
 Note Pad
 Stop Watch
 Compass / Dividers
 Parallel Rule
 Weems Plotter
 Search Pattern Slide Rule
 Nautical Slide Rule
 Coast Pilot
 Nav. Rules
 Light List
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Chart One
Anemometer
Red Flash Light
AOR Charts (14770, 14771, 14772, 14773, 14774, 1433, 1434, 1435)
Pencil Lead Sharpening Pad
STBD Seat
o First aid kit
o Hand bilge pump
Electronics
o Nav. Lights
o Blue Lights
o Flood Lights
o Interior / Exterior Deck Lights
o Instrument Lights
o Fathometer
o Radar
o GPS
o VHF Radios
o Loudhailer / Horn
Port FWD Seat
o 12 Volt gel cell Batteries (3 ea)
Port Center Seat
o Tool Kit
 10w30 Lube Oil (2 qts)
 Phillips & Slotted Screwdriver
 Metric Wrench Set (10mm-20mm)
 Pliers
 Rags
 Hub Kit
 Spare Kill Switch (2 ea)
 3/16” T-Allen Wrench
 90° Phillips Screw Driver
 Spark Plug Wrench w/ 4” extension
 Prop Nut Wrench
Port Aft Seat
o Gear Bag
 1 ½” DBN Skiff Hook Line 9’
 SS Shackles (3/8” & ½”)
 Mousing Wire Ties (4 ea)
 Flashlight
 Dewatering Pump Tie Down Strap
o 5 ½”x20” Fender (2 ea)
o 25’ Mooting Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN
o 35’ Alongside Lines 2” or 2 ¼” DBN
Main Deck
o National Ensign
o CG Ensign
o 300’ Towline DBN 2 ¼” w/ cover (A Class)
o 150’ Towline DBN 2 ¼” w/ cover (B Class)
o 24” Throwable Life Ring
o Life Ring Strobe Light
o 406 MHz CAT II EPIRB
o Throw Line Bag
o 8’ Boat Hook w/ skiff hook
STBD Deck Locker
o Fire Extinguisher (Type B-1)
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Various
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Type V PFD (4 ea)
Binoculars
Lighting Rod
Towing Mast Light
8’ 8’ Boat Hook w/ skiff hook
Trim / Tilt
Steering Fluid Level
Foam Collar
Props
Boat Hours
Oil Level
Fuel Level
Windshield Wiper Fluid Level
Boat Characteristics & Specifications
Brief Info
- Design
o Deep-V, rigid mono-hull
- Hull and Deck
o ¼inch 5086 Marin grade aluminum
- Cabin
o 5052 Marine grade aluminum
- Collar
o Polyethylene
- Manufacturer
o SAFE Boat International
- Windows
o 12 A Class
o 14 B Class
- Cabin Dewatering Pump
o Rated 1100 gallons per hour @ 2 ½inch of water
 A Class located centerline under cabin step
 B Class located starboard aft passenger seat
- Manual Bilge Pump
o 10 strokes per gallon and 6 gallons per minute
- Heading Sensor
o Located centerline aft bulkhead under the step
- Number of Frames
o 20
- Water Tight Bulkhead
o Frame 16
- Diesel Fuel Heater Tank
o A Class 6gal port weather deck
o B Class 2.5gal starboard aft deck locker
- Engine Weight
o 633 pound
- Horn
o 106 dB
- Throw Line Bag
o 70-100ft work load 500lb 3/8”
- Life Ring Strobe Light
o 36hr continuous
- EPIRB
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o 0.05NM, with in 5 min
Steering Wheel
o Mono ® 16” 3 spoke
Searchlight
o A Class 200,000 candle power, tilt 9° up and 17° down
o B Class 180,000 candle power
Fuel Consumption
o A Class 46kts 40gph
o B Class 46kts 44gph
Magnetic Compass Location
Alpha
Missions
- Defense Operations
- Port Safety & Security
- Recreational Boating Safety
- Marine Environmental Protection
- Enforcement of Laws & Treaties
- Maritime Safety & Security
- Search & Rescue
Physical Characteristics
- Design Length of Hull
o A Class 25’
o B Class 25’ 2 ½”
- Length Overall
o A Class 29’ 4”
o B Class 29’ 6 ½”
- Length at Waterline
o A Class 22’ 6”
o B Class 22’ 8 ½”
- Beam Overall
o 8’ 6”
- Operational Draft
o 39”
- Draft Engines Tilted Up
o 23 ¼”
- Height of Nav. Mast on Trailer
o 12’ 8”
- Height of Radar Dome Trailer
o 11’ ½”
- Height of Search Light Trailer
o 9’ 7”
Bravo
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Highest Fixed Point Trailer
o 9’ ½”
- Crew Capacity
o 4
Seating Total = 10
- Passenger Capacity
o 6
- Fuel Tank Capacity
o A Class 125gal @ 95% = 119gal
o B Class 105gal @ 95% = 100 gal
- Propulsion
o 2 Honda 225-HP 4 Stroke
- Propeller
o 14x19 Mercury Offshore or Vensura
- Boat Weight
o 7400
- Max Weight
o 9200
- Weight
o 9450
Operational Characteristics
- Max Speed
o 46kts @ 6000RPM
- Cruise Speed
o 35kts @ 4500RPM
- Max Range
o A Class 175NM
o B Class 150NM
- Wind
o 25kts
- Sea
o 6ft
- Towing
o 10 displacement tons
- Operation Offshore
o 10NM
- Air Temp
o 0 – 105°F
- Water Temp
o 28 – 95°F
Stability
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Center of Gravity
o Weight of the boat acts vertically downward, lower center of gravity more stable. When
weight is add the center of gravity moves with the direction of the weight being add.
Buoyancy
o Upward force of water displaced by the hull
Equilibrium
o Buoyancy over gravity
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Rolling
o Downward force of gravity is offset by upward force of buoyancy
Heeling
o The center of gravity is no longer in line with the center of buoyancy
Listing
o Center of gravity is not on the centerline, boat will heel until equilibrium is reached
Types of Stability
o Longitudinal
 Fore & Aft, preventing it from pitching end-over-end
o Transverse
 Athwartships, Keeps the boat from rolling over
Static & Dynamic Forces
o Static
 Internal forces
o Dynamic
 External forces
Anchoring
1.) Shank – Aids in setting & weighing the anchor. Attachment point for the anchor for the anchor line
2.) Flukes – Dig in the bottom & bury the anchor, providing holding power
3.) Crown – Lifts the rear of the flukes, & forces the flukes into the bottom
4.) Stock – Prevents the anchor from rolling or rotating
Scope of Line
- Ratio range between 5:1 & 7:1
o (Example: for the 5:1 ratio, anchoring in 20ft of the rope should be 100ft)
Anchor Description
- Fair
- Fowled
- Shawed
Common Navigation Lights
Port Light
- Red
Starboard Light
- Green
Light Configuration
- Sidelight – 112.5*
- Masthead Light – 225*
- Stern Light – 135*
- All around – 360*
Navigation Lights
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Sailing
o Red / Green
Trawling
o Green / White
Fishing
o Red / White
Restricted in Ability to Maneuver
o Red / White / Red
Not Under Command
o Red / Red
Constrained by Draft
o Red / Red / Red
Pilot
o White / Red
Anchor
o Masthead Lights
Aground
o Red / Red
Sound Signals
International
- * Alter course to starboard
- ** Alter course to port
- *** Astern propulsion
- -*-* Agree to overtaking
- - Bend signal
- ***** Danger
- --* Intend to overtake on starboard side
- --** Intend to overtake on port side
Inland
- * I intend / agree to port to port passing
- ** I intend / agree to starboard to starboard passing
- *** Astern propulsion
- ***** Danger
- - Underway
Distress Signals
Red Star Shells
Fog Horn Continuous Sounding
Flames on a Vessel
Gun Fired at Intervals of 1 min.
Orange Background Black Ball & Square
SOS
“Mayday” by Radio
Parachute Red Flare
Dye Marker
Code Flags November Charlie
Square Flags & Ball
Wave Arms
Radio-Telegraph Alarm
Radio-Telephone Alarm
Position Indicating Radio Beacons
Smoke
Inland Only
High Intensity White Light
Radio Communication
CH (6) / 156.3 MHz SAR Ship – Ship
CH (12) / 156.6 MHz Ship – Ship
CH (13) / 156.65 MHz Bridge – Bridge
CH (16) / 156.8 MHz International Distress
CH (21) / 157.05 MHz Intra CG (Secondary)
CH (22A) / 157.1 MHz CG – Non
CH (23A) / 157.15 MHz (Primary)
CH (81) 157.075 MHz
CH (83) 157.175 MHz
Variation and Deviation
Variation - Magnetic variation is the difference between true bearings and magnetic bearings and is caused
by the different locations of the Geographic North Pole and the Magnetic North Pole plus any local
anomalies such as iron deposits. Variation is the same for all compasses in the same location and is usually
stated on good quality maps and charts, along with the date it was measured.
Deviation - Magnetic deviation is the difference between magnetic bearings and compass bearings.
Deviation varies for every compass in the same location and depends on such factors as the magnetic field
of the boat, wristwatches, etc. The value will also vary depending on the orientation of the boat. Magnets
and/or iron masses can be used to correct for deviation so that a particular compass will accurately give
magnetic bearings. More commonly, however, a correction card will be drawn up listing errors for the
compass which can then be compensated for arithmetically.
Correcting & Uncorrecting for Compass Error
“Correcting” is going from magnetic direction (M) to true (T), or going from the compass direction (C) to
magnetic (M). To apply compass error to correct course or direction:
• Take the compass course.
• Apply deviation to obtain the magnetic course.
• Apply variation to obtain true course.
The sequence of the procedure is outlined below:
• Compass (C).
• Deviation (D).
• Magnetic (M).
• Variation (V).
• True (T).
MEMORY AID
Applying compass error:
Can Dead Men Vote Twice At Election
(Compass) (Deviation) (Magnetic) (Variation) (True) (Add) (Easterly error)
Add easterly errors - subtract westerly errors
For the compass course is 127°, variation from the compass rose is 4° W, and the deviation from the boat’s
deviation table is 5° E. Then, the true course (T) is obtained as follows:
Step Procedure
1.) Write down the correction formula:
• C = 127°
• D = 5° E
• M = 132°
• V = 4° W
• T = 128°
2.) Compute the information opposite the appropriate letter in the previous step.
3.) Add the easterly error of 5° E deviation to the compass course (127°) and obtain the magnetic course of
132°.
4.) Subtract the westerly error of 4° W variation from the magnetic course (132°).
5.) The true course is 128°.
Converting from true (T) direction to magnetic (M), or going from magnetic (M) to compass
(C) is “uncorrecting”. For converting from true course to compass course:
• Obtain the true course.
• Apply variation to obtain the magnetic course.
• Apply deviation to obtain the compass course.
MEMORY AID
Converting true course to compass course:
True Virtue Makes Dull Company After Wedding
(True) (Variation) (Magnetic) (Deviation) (Compass) (Add) (Westerly error)
Subtract easterly errors - add westerly errors
Dead reckoning (DR)
Dead reckoning is the determination of approximate position by advancing a previous position for course
and distance only, without regard to other factors, such as, wind, sea conditions and current.
Dewatering Pump (USCG-P6)
Description
- 6 ½hp 4 cycle engine
- 3inch suction and discharge hoses
- Priming at 12ft in less than a minute
- 250 gpm
- 4 gallon fuel tank
Stokes Litter
1.) Gray
2.) Blue
3.) Red
4. )Green
5.) Black