Advanced Chemistry I
CHAPTER 6: CHEMICAL BONDING
Chemical Bond: A _______________ _______________ _______________ between the
_______________ and _______________ electrons of different atoms that binds the
atoms together.

There are two basic types of chemical bonds.
o _______________ bonding - Electrical attraction between
_______________ and _______________.
o _______________ bonding - _______________ of electron
_______________ between atoms.

_______________ - covalent- electrons distributed unevenly

Creates an uneven distribution of charge between the two
bonded atoms.

_______________ - covalent- electrons distributed evenly

Creates an even distribution of charge between the two
bonded atoms.

Type of bonding depends on _______________ difference between atoms.
-
For example, NaCl. Ionic or covalent?
-
To help, __________ _______________, one of _______________’s most
famous chemists, developed a relative electronegativity scale (0–4) for the
elements.
-
Refer to the Periodic Table of Electronegativities to find the…
electronegativity of Na:
electronegativity of Cl:
-
Using the scale below, one can attain a reasonable estimate of the ionic or
covalent character of the bonds in a compound.
3.3
Ionic
1.7
Polar-covalent - a covalent bond in which the bonding atoms have an
Unequal attraction for the shared electrons.
0.3
Nonpolar-covalent - a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared
equally by the bonded atoms. This means the charge distribution in the molecule is
balanced.
0.0
-
The bond between Na and Cl has an electronegativity difference of 2.1, so it is
an _______________ bond.

Keep in mind that any bond between a metal and a nonmetal is an _______________
bond, no matter the difference in electronegativity.
Examples:
HCl
CsF
CH4