Sociology: Exam Study Guide
1.
material culture
37. retrospective labeling
2.
nonmaterial culture
38. projective labeling
3.
values
39. Thomas Szasz
4.
ethnocentrism
40. Medicalization of deviance
5.
cultural relativism
41. Robert Merton
6.
real culture
42. Innovation
7.
ideal culture
43. Best example of innovation
8.
high culture
44. Travis Hirschi’s four types of social
9.
counterculture
control
10. subculture
45. Purpose of police
11. attribution theory
46. Six factors influencing an arrest
12. Asch experiments
47. Plea bargaining
13. Milgram experiments
48. Oldest form of justification for
14. culture
punishment
15. Carl Sagan
49. Two types of deterrence
16. negative impact of “positive” celebrity
50. Constructive rather than destructive
values
form of justification of punishment
17. differences between Values and Beliefs
51. Four functions of deviance
18. games Americans Play
52. Four dysfunctions of deviance
19. symbols
53. Socialization
20. culture shock
54. Personality
21. Sapir-Whorf theory
55. Looking-glass self
22. cultural diversity
56. Agents of socialization
23. Hippies
57. Peers
24. Summer of Love
58. Mass media
25. Haight-Ashbury
59. Resocialization
26. 3 options of cultural contact
60. Life course
27. Assimilation
61. Social experiences and human survival
28. Acculturation
62. Social experience build . . .
29. social control
63. Examples of social isolation on children
30. sanctions
64. Nature vs. Nurture
31. cultural transmission theory
65. John B. Watson
32. labeling theory
66. Behaviorism
33. primary deviance
67. Sigmund Freud’s model of personality
34. secondary deviance
68. Albert Bandura
35. deviance
69. Modeled behavior
36. stigma
70. George Herbert Mead
71. Agents of Socialization
106. Social Structure
72. Family
107. What is at the heart of society?
73. School
108. High-income countries
74. Peers
109. Middle-income countries
75. Mass Media
110. Low-income countries
76. Teachings of parents according to SES
111. Why do sociologists study the global
77. The “hidden curriculum”
community?
78. Appeal of the peer group
112. Industrial Revolution
79. Anticipatory socialization
113. Imperialism
80. “hurried child” syndrome
114. independent variable
81. Life course stages
115. dependent variable
82. Childhood
116. correlation
83. Adolescence
117. spurious correlation
84. Young Adulthood
118. control group
85. Middle Adulthood
119. experimental group
86. Old Age
120. Hawthorne effect
87. Death
121. sample
88. Children’s toys and gender roles
122. participant observation
89. Five stages of death
123. hypothesis
90. Sex and Gender
124. Pre-Modern Viewpoint
91. Auguste Comte
125. Modern Viewpoint
92. Herbert Spencer
126. Post-Modern Viewpoint
93. Karl Marx
127. Variables
94. Emile Durkheim
128. Difficulties of Sociological Research
95. Max Weber
129. Experimental Research
96. functionalist perspective
130. Survey
97. conflict perspective
131. Participant Observations
98. inteactionist perspective
132. Stanford County Prison Activity
99. Sociological perspective stresses . . .
133. Ethical Sociological Research
100. Inspiration for the development of
134. Guns, Germs, and Steel
Sociology
101. Bourgeois and Proletariat
102. Max Weber’s central force of social
change
103. Value-judgment; value-freedom
104. Emile Durkheim—sociological
explanation of suicide
105. Difference between sociological and
non-sociological explanations