Physical
Properties –
Chp 2.2
Physical
Properties
Name: ____________________________ Date: _____________ PD: ___________
Cornell Notes
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Is any characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured ______________ changing the
composition of the substances in the material
Viscosity, conductivity, malleability, hardness, melting point, boiling point, and density are examples
of _________________ properties
Viscosity
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Viscosity is the tendency of a liquid to keep from _______________ (its resistance to flowing)
The greater the viscosity, the ____________ the liquid moves
Thick liquids like corn syrup and ___________ have a high viscosity
Thin liquids like ____________ and water have a low viscosity
The viscosity of a liquid usually ________________ when it is heated
Conductivity
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A material’s ability to allow heat to _____________
Materials that have a high conductivity, such as __________, are called good ___________________
If a material is a good conductor of heat it is usually also a good conductor of ___________________
Wood is _________ a good conductor of heat
Malleability
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Is the ability of a ___________ to be hammered without shattering
Most________________ are malleable
Solids that shatter when struck are ________________
Hardness
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One way to compare the hardness of two materials is to see which of the materials can ___________
the other
_______________ is the hardest known material
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The temperature at which a substance changes from a________ to a liquid is its melting point
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The temperature at which a substance boils is its boiling point (liquid to __________)
Melting &
Boiling Points
Melting and Boiling Points of Some Substances
Fill in the Table
Substance
Melting point
Boiling point
Hydrogen
-259.30C
-252.90C
Nitrogen
-210.00C
-195.80C
Ammonia
-77.70C
-33.30C
Octane (found in gasoline)
-56.80C
125.60C
Water
0.00C
100.00C
Acetic Acid (found in
vinegar)
16.60C
117.90C
Table Salt
800.70C
14650C
Gold
1064.20C
28560C
Solid, liquid, or Gas at room
temperature ~250 C
Density …
The formula is…
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Is the ratio of the ____________of a substance to its __________________
Density = Mass
Volume
Can be used to test the________________of a substance
Silver has a density of 10.5 g/cm3 at room temperature but if you have a coin with a density of 9.9
g/cm3 at room temperature it must not be ____________
Using Properties
to Identify
Materials
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Step 1: decide which properties to __________
Step 2: do tests on a sample of the ______________
Step 3: compare the results with the data reported for the _____________ _________________
Using Properties
to Choose
Materials
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People _________ consider just one property when choosing a material for a particular application
Example
o You ________________ want shoelaces made of wood or steel
o Shoelaces __________ _____ _____ flexible, durable, and easy to secure
Separating
Mixtures
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Some properties can be used to ____________ mixtures
____________________
o Uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid
o Good for heterogeneous mixtures
__________________________
o Uses differences in the boiling points of the substances involved
__________________________
o Results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the
dissolved substance
__________________________
o Parts of a mixture are separated based on how fast they travel through a medium
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Recognizing
Physical
Changes
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Physical
Changes
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Summary:
Complete the
tree map of
physical
properties by
filling in the
missing ones
A physical change occurs when some of the_________________ of a material _________________,
but the ___________________ in the material remain the _______________
Change in the state of matter
o Example – the ________________ cycle
Crumpling a piece of paper changes the size and shape of the paper and slicing a tomato changes the
size and shape of the tomato but it does not change their composition
Some physical changes _______ ______ reversed such as melting ice and then freezing it again
Some _____________________ be reversed (You can’t put the sliced tomato back together and make
it whole)
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Conductivity
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Melting Point
Boiling Point
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