Digestive system test review
Notes | relate the organs of the digestive
Functions of the Digestive System

Breaks food down into smaller
pieces and changes the molecules

Filter harmful substances

Prepare waste to leave the body
system to their functions. List the names of the
organs of the digestive system from the diagram
below and place them in the appropriate side of
the T-chart. The first one is given for you!
Two Types of Digestion
Mechanical Digestion
Chemical Digestion

Done by teeth,
stomach


Breaks food
info smaller
pieces by
crushing,
mashing etc.


Mouth
esophagus
stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Done by
enzymes, acids,
gastric juices
Changes
substance
CHEMICALLY
and forms a
NEW substance
Ex:
starch/carbohydr
ates to sugar
Fill in the names of the organs from above in the structure column below and write out their function in the box
space to the right. Make sure to identify which organ is where your food spends the most time during digestion.
Structure
Function
MOUTH
Changes the food into smaller pieces and the
enzymes in our saliva help to start the process of
chemically altering the atoms of the food.
Tube of smooth muscle that produces muscular
contractions and pushes food down into your
stomach.
ESOPHAGUS
Organ that holds chewed food and uses its
muscles to churn food. This is where your food
gets totally converted into a form that your body
can use. Converts your solid food into a liquid
called chime.
STOMACH
A very long organ that does all of your absorbing
of the nutrients from the liquid chime and is
transferred to the body cells by the blood.
SMALL INTESTINE
An organ that the waste from your chyme stays in
for a long period of time. In that time, the excess
water from chyme is reabsorbed back into the
blood stream to avoid dehydration.
LARGE INTESTINE
What happens when you eat? Use the words below to fill in the story of what happens to your
food when you eat. Some words will be used more than once.
Enzymes
Blood
Small Intestines
Liver
Water
Mouth
Anus
Gall bladder
Chemical
Mechanical
Esophagus
Mouth
Stomach
Chyme
Liquid
Large Intestine
Smooth
THERMAL
One morning I was making some breakfast tacos and I took a bite of my food and placed it into
my __mouth_____________. This is where _______mechanical___________ digestion begins
because my teeth are chewing my food. It is also a place where ___chemical_____ digestion
occurs because the_____enzymes_________ from my saliva glands are chemically breaking
down my food. After I chew my food for a minute, my food then travels into a long tube known
as the ____esophagus______________, where small muscular contractions help to push food
into my ________stomach____________. This is where acids and muscular contractions help to
mix my solid food and change it into a liquid called ___chyme____________. This changes
your food from a solid to a _______liquid__________. This liquid is called chyme, and is mixed
up like concrete in a mixing truck. Our stomach is like that concrete truck. After the chyme is
mixing for a really long time, it is then released through a valve and travels into the
______small__________ ______intestine___________________. Your chyme is filtered
through many little branches that stick out from the walls that absorb nutrients. Your nutrients
get absorbed into the __blood______ stream and sent out to all of your body cells for energy.
The chyme has to travel a really long way throughout your _small______________
____________intestine_______________, which is made of _____smooth__________ muscle
and then will enter your _______large________ _________intestine________________. This
is where the waste from your breakfast tacos will sit until it is released through your
_____anus_____________. However, before your waste exits your body,
___________water___________ is reabsorbed back into your blood stream through your large
intestine. This whole process of eating your breakfast tacos is where food energy in the form of
________chemical________ energy is transformed or changed into HEAT or
_______THERMAL____________ energy. Your _____liver___________ makes the bile which
stores it in your __gall________ _____bladder___________. It is then released into your
stomach and this is how the whole digestion process occurs. Digestion from start to finish
usually takes about 12 hours.
Identify and give their function of the organs that are considered to help with digestion , but
food does not pass through them.
Name of organ
Function
Pancreas
Regulates blood sugar, releases insulin
Gall Bladder
Stores bile ( acid used to digest food )
Liver
Filters out harmful substances, stores
sugar/vitamins, produce bile