2012/10/19
Animation Production Pipeline
Production
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Artogy Digital Content
Visual Engineering Director
Animation
Lauout
Art Direction
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
姚裕勝
Spock Yao
2011/12/19
Story
Pre-Production
Character
Animation Production Pipeline
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
Story
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Modeling
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Animation
Lauout
Modeling
Character Setup
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Inspired 3D Short Film Production by Jeremy Cantor, Thomson
Animation Production Pipeline
Animation Production Timeline
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Story
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Ideas
Formulating The Story
Character
books
Setting
Motivations
outcast from a planet
rescue earth friend
modern day large city
living on earth
from alien assassin
Obstacles
defeat the evil
assasin who is more
powerful
outcast from society
near future after a
great war
to find the truth
fear of the truth
friendly alien
haunted island
stop the destruction
of a planet
stop a madman from
releasing bomb
martial-arts expert
ancient city of gold
stop the spread of a
disease
overcome the lost of
family
100 year old
muscular-man
African rain forest
stop biological
warfare
fight agents and
expose the truth
drunken man
bar
to become a king
to deny belief in a
higher being
roaches
in a fridge
to have lunch
to unlock the door to
the treasure
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Story – Story Structure
• Three-Act Structure
– Setup
– Confrontation
– Resolution
Movie Structure
TV Structure
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2012/10/19
Scriptwriting
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
• Writers who have vast knowledge of comicbooks and graphic
novels will be better animation screenwriters
Story
Pre-Production
Production
• The animation screenwriting format is similar to live action movies.
• Keep the dialogs brief and interesting. Ideally single sentences.
Character
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
• Keep your action descriptions vivid. The animation artists should
be able to understand the actions and depict them exactly.
• Maintain a fast pace. keep changing scenes frequently and avoid
stagnation.
3D Animatics
• Avoid overcrowding of characters in one scene unless you are
specifically told to do so.
Lauout
• It is a good idea to watch a number of good animation films for a
week before starting to write your animation screenplay.
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Sample Script
Initial Sketches
• Keep your initial sketches loose and free.
Model Sheet
• document used to help standardize the appearance,
poses, and gestures of an animated character.
Body Design and Poses
Facial Expressions
• practice drawing his or her final body and
several poses.
• Work on developing the basic emotions such as
anger, sadness, joy, jealousy, fear and contentment..
Model Sheet
• also used for references in 3D modeling.
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2012/10/19
Maquette
• A design sketch in clay.
• Used by the directors and producers to work out all
dimensional elements before committing to animation.
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
Production
Art Direction
Character
Post-Production
• Creating the 'look' of a project, visually interpreting
the script, developing characters and environments.
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Art Direction
Story
Pre-Production
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
• Produce key designs that define the style of the film.
• Establish the environments, characters, props, color
schemes and any other design elements required for
the production.
Compositing
Character Setup
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2012/10/19
Visual Development/Concept Art
Visual Development/Concept Art
Visual Development/Concept Art
Color & Lighting
Environment
Character
Visual Development/Concept Art
Visual Development/Concept Art
Storyboards
Prop Details
Floor Plan
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
History
• The term “storyboard” first came into use at Disney Studios
between 1928 and the early 1930s.
• The continuity sketches for Plane Crazy (1928) are the first
known conceptualizations of Mickey Mouse.
Compositing
Character Setup
4
2012/10/19
Video
Video
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
• How long will it be?
Production
Production Planning
Answer These Questions
Story
Pre-Production
Character
Post-Production
• What is the overall style of your film?
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
• How many characters?
• Will there be dialogue?
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
• Will there be rich or limited background elements?
• Will your images be ray-traced, hardware-rendered or toonshaded?
• Will you need procedural effects, such as smoke, water, fire, rain,
cloth or hair?
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Production Plan
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
• What will be the final output format of your film?
Character Setup
Production Schedule
• made up of 4 elements:
– An overall production pipeline
– A budget analysis
– A schedule
– Asset organization and safeguarding
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2012/10/19
Production Schedule
File Structure/Naming Convention
Backup Procedures
Animation Production Pipeline
Voice Acting
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Vocal Tracks
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Animation
Modeling
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Animation Production Pipeline
Voice Acting
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Modeling
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Video A
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Video B
6
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Polygon Mesh
Polygonal Modeling
• Collection of vertices, edges and faces that
defines the shape of a polyhedral object..
Subdivision
• Modeling objects by representing or approximating
their surfaces using polygons.
• The smooth surface can be calculated from the
coarse mesh as the limit of a recursive process of
subdividing each polygonal face into smaller faces
that better approximate the smooth surface.
Video
Sculpting
3D Digitizer
3D Scan
• Sculpting is primarily used in high poly organic modeling.
• Software tools to push, pull, smooth, grab, pinch or
otherwise manipulate a digital object as if it were made of
a real-life substance such as clay.
Laser Scanning
Structured Light (SL) Scanning
Video
3D Scanner
Human Scan
Procedural Modeling
Terrain
Handheld
Head & Face Color 3D Scanner
Turntable
Light Stage
Starter-Kit
Video
7
2012/10/19
Procedural Modeling
Procedural Modeling
Plant
Character Generator
City
MakeHuman
City Engine
Video
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
Types of Texturing Mapping
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Texture Mapping
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
3D Animatics
Lauout
FaceGen
Animation
Modeling
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Color
Specular
Incandescence
Transparency
Displacement
Bump
Normal
Character Setup
Color Map
UV Mapping
Plannar
Cylindrical
Box
Spherical
UV Unwrap
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2012/10/19
Color Map
Normal Map
Transparency
Map
Animation Production Pipeline
Displacement Map
Normal Map
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Normal Map
Production
Layout
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
Displacement Map
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Video
Animation Production Pipeline
2D storyboards to 3D shots
Development
• Build locations, including major props, block in the
position of characters, select camera angles and plot
camera moves.
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Animatics
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
9
2012/10/19
Animation Production Pipeline
Animatics
Development
• A series of still images edited together and
displayed in sequence.
• A rough dialogue and/or rough sound track is
added to test whether the sound and images
are working effectively together.
• with simple zooms and pans to simulate
camera movement
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Character Setup
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
FX
Compositing
Video A
Modeling
Video B
Skinning
Blend Shape/Morph
Texture Mapping
Character Setup
Rigging
Video
Video
Animation Production Pipeline
Face Rigs
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Animation
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Video
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
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2012/10/19
Animation Principles
1.
2.
3.
4.
Squash and stretch
Anticipation
Staging
Straight ahead action
and pose to pose
5. Follow through and
overlapping action
Keyframe
6. Slow in and slow out
7. Arcs
8. Secondary action
9. Timing
10. Exaggeration
11. Solid drawing
12. Appeal
Motion Capture
Key Poses
Function Curve
Video
Video
Dynamic Motion Synthesis
Performance Capture
Crowd Simulation
Endorphin
Tom Hanks as Hero Boy, the Conductor, the Hobo,
Santa Claus, Hero Boy's father.
Video A
Video
Video B
Video
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
Production
Lighting & Rendering
Types of Light
Story
Pre-Production
• Point Light
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
• Directional Light
• Spot Light
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
• Ambient Light
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2012/10/19
Types of Light
Three-Point Lighting
Lighting Angle
• Area Light
• Volume Light
Lighting color
Rendering Method
Wireframe
Rendering Method
Flat
Shading
Gouraud
Shading
Phong
Shading
Rendering Method
Ray Tracing
Hidden lines
Rendering Method
Radiosity
Textured
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2012/10/19
Rendering Method
Rendering Method
(SSS)Subsurface scattering
Toon/cell Shading
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
FX
Cloth
Hair & Fur
Smoke & Fire
Demolition
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
Fluid
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
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2012/10/19
Animation Production Pipeline
Others
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Compositing
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Video
Multi-pass Rendering
Composition Layers
Sound & Music
Video A
Video B
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
First Sound: Steamboat Willie
Sound in Animation
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
• First “talking picture:”The Jazz Singer(1928)
• Steamboat Willie(1928)
was one of the first experiments in composing an
audio soundtrack for animation.
• “Sound effects play an important role in conveying action.
Music helps express emotion.”
–Michael Geisler
• Scratch track: “sketch” of soundtrack (done with the
storyboard)
• Doesn’t need to be a connection between object creating
sound and picture!
• Don’t wait for the animation to be finished to start thinking
about sound!
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Video
Video
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2012/10/19
Animation Production Pipeline
Music & Song
Development
Story
Pre-Production
Production
Story Reel
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
Compositing
Character Setup
Inspired 3D Short Film Production by Jeremy Cantor, Thomson
Francis Ford Coppola’s
Electronic Cinema
• Francis Ford Coppola who is undisputedly the father of
modern previsualization techniques for feature films.
• He had been using elaborate storyboards and “adio dramas”
on many of his early films.
• Coppola labeled the process “Electronic Cinema”.
Francis Ford Coppola’s
Electronic Cinema
Evolving Story Reel
• Silverfish - the first embodiment of Electronic Cinema, served
as an electronic hub for all of the sounds and images.
• Enabling pre-production, production, and post-production to
occur simultaneously.
• A story reel begins as a slideshow of held
storyboard images with necessary audio, and
then evolves gradually into a final film.
Video
Animation Production Pipeline
Development
Production
Marketing & Distribution
Character
Post-Production
Art Direction
Production
Planing
3D Animatics
Lauout
Animation Distribution
Story
Pre-Production
Animation
Modeling
Marketing &
Distribution
Stroyboards
Vocal Tracks
Titles &
Credits
Story Reel
Sound Effects
& Music
Lighting & Rendering
Texture Mapping
FX
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Feature Release
Pay per view
Cable
Free Broadcast TV
Rental Market
Direct to Video Sales
Licensing
• Contest
• Festival
Compositing
Character Setup
Inspired 3D Short Film Production by Jeremy Cantor, Thomson
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2012/10/19
Skills Needed for Animation Jobs
•
•
•
•
Animation Career
Artistic Ability
Storytelling Ability
Technical Skill / Software Knowledge
Teamwork
Types of Jobs in Animation
•
•
•
•
•
Artists
Animators
Writers
Computer Engineers
Technical Directors
Summary
Video
16