SESSION: 27 PAGE: 1 4/20/102 10:47 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537152g11/DIV_g11esci-1
VIRGINIA
STANDARDS OF LEARNING ASSESSMENTS
Spring 2002 Released Test
END OF COURSE
EARTH SCIENCE
SESSION: 27 PAGE: 2 4/20/102 10:47 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537152g11/DIV_g11esci-1
Property of the Virginia Department of Education
䉷 2002 by the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education, James Monroe
Building, 101 N. 14th Street, Richmond, Virginia, 23219. All rights reserved. Except
as permitted by law, this material may not be reproduced or used in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any
information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the
copyright owner. Commonwealth of Virginia public school educators may photocopy or
print any portion of these Released Tests for educational purposes without requesting
permission. All others should direct their requests to the Commonwealth of Virginia
Department of Education at (804) 225-2102, Division of Assessment and Reporting.
SESSION: 31 PAGE: 3 4/23/102 14:31 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537152g11/DIV_g11esci-1
Earth Science
2
DIRECTIONS
Read each question carefully and choose the best
answer. Then mark the space on the answer
sheet for the answer you have chosen.
What is the main advantage of using
dams to produce electrical energy?
They
G They
H They
J They
F
SAMPLE
can be built near most cities.
do not produce much pollution. 墍
are inexpensive to build.
do not damage wildlife homes.
EY07B401
墍
C
Which of these can be used to measure
atmospheric pressure?
An anemometer
B A barometer 墍
C A thermometer
D A seismometer
A
1
3
Igneous rocks are formed by —
heat and pressure on existing rocks
B evaporation of water, leaving solids
behind
C cooling and hardening of molten rock 墍
D layers of mud on the bottom of a lake
A
EY06A105
墌
C
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
A student set up an experiment to test
the effects of soil compaction on plant
growth. The student put equal weights
EY01D401
of moist soil into 10 containers,
planted a bean seed one inch deep in 墍
C
each container, and then firmly
L
compacted the soil in 5 of the
containers. After the seeds sprouted,
the student measured the height of
each plant every day and kept a record
of the results. What else must the
student do over time to ensure a valid
experiment?
Water any container in which the soil
feels dry
B Water all of the containers the same
amount and at the same time 墍
C Water any of the plants that seem to be
growing more slowly than the others
D Water the plants in compacted soil more
than those in uncompacted soil
A
3
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4
5
Which planet is often called “Earth’s
twin” because it is similar in mass and
diameter to the Earth?
Crust
Mantle
EY14A505
墌
C
Mars
G Mercury
H Venus 墍
J Pluto
F
Liquid outer
core
Solid
inner
core
EY08C508
墍
C
ArtCodes
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Even though the Earth’s inner core is
hotter than the liquid outer core, it is
still solid because —
the heat rising from the inner core is
melting the outer core
B there is more water in the outer core
and it dilutes the materials
C the outer core is farther from the center,
and there is less gravity holding it
together
D the pressure from all of Earth’s layers
keeps it in a solid state 墍
A
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
4
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6
9
A light-year measures —
brightness
G distance 墍
H radiation
J time
F
EY14B292
墌
C
7
Which of the following minerals found
in the northern Piedmont province is
known as “fool’s gold”?
EY05B504
Pyrite 墍
B Hematite
C Galena
D Limonite
A
Which vertebrate did not live during
the time of the dinosaurs (the Mesozoic
Era)?
墍
C
10
EY10A106
墌
C
EY11C513
墍
C
ArtCodes
ArtCodes
EY10A106.AR1
EY10A106.AR2
EY10A106.AR3
EY10A106.AR4
EY11C513.AR1
A
C
墍
On weather maps, there are lines with
tiny triangles on one side. This
represents —
cold air moving in the direction the
triangles point 墍
G cold air moving opposite the direction
the triangles point
H warm air moving in the direction the
triangles point
J warm air moving opposite the direction
the triangles point
F
B
8
EY11C509
墌
C
D
Land breezes and sea breezes are
created by the differences in —
the Earth’s tilt on its axis
G solar radiation reaching the Earth’s
surface
H the heat capacity between water and
land 墍
J the living organisms occurring in the
land and sea
F
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
5
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11
13
During droughts, lack of rain can lead
to wells drying up. This is because the
drought has lowered the —
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EY09C505
墌
water table 墍
B water trough
C zone of aeration
D zone of porosity
A
C
ArtCodes
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墍
C
Top view
Side view
Pictured above is a shoebox with rows
of holes in the top, large enough for
straws to fit through. By placing
straws through the holes, students
have to determine the shape of an
unseen object in the box. This activity
simulates the technology used to map
the seafloor. What is that technology
called?
14
Which of these is the best evidence
that the Earth’s crust has undergone
some major changes?
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墍
The location of major rivers
C
G The amount of available water on Earth L
H The presence of marine fossils in
mountain rock 墍
J The arrival of the vernal equinox
F
Laser beams
B Doppler radar
C Sonar 墍
D Seismology
A
15
12
Years Since Death
22,800
Which diagram correctly shows wind
motion between pressure areas?
EY04D101
墌
C
L
L
H
F
L
H
墍
H
H
L
G
EY01C516
17,100
11,400
C
ArtCodes
EY01C516.AR1
1
1/2
1/4
1/8 1/16
Fraction of Carbon-14 Remaining
H
According to the graph above, a piece
of timber containing one-eighth of the
amount of carbon-14 that is found in a
living tree died about how many years
ago?
J
5,700 years
B 11,400 years
C 17,100 years 墍
D 22,800 years
A
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
墍
5,700
0
ArtCodes
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EY04D101.AR2
EY04D101.AR3
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Carbon-14 Decay
6
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16
17
The Life Cycle of a Star
A
Nebula
B
EY14B208
墌
Protostar
ArtCodes
Continental
Lithosphere
Main-sequence star
Continental
Lithosphere
100 km
c
Supernova
Black dwarf
Neutron
star
200 km
At which location are metamorphic
rocks most likely to be found?
Black
hole
A
B B
C C 墍
D D
A
Increasing Mass
What is the first stage in the life cycle
of a star?
Black hole
G Dwarf star
H Main-sequence star
J Stellar nebula 墍
F
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
e
at
White dwarf
Pl
Supergiant
7
墍
C
EY06C203.AR1
Asthenosphere
ni
Red giant
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ArtCodes
a
ce
O
EY14B208.AR1
Increasing Time
C
D
C
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18
19
Average Relative Humidity
for Latitudes North and South
of the Equator
EY02B402
墌
a year
B an epoch
C an era 墍
D a period
A
100
C
Relative Humidity
(%)
ArtCodes
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Of the following, the largest division
on the geologic time scale is —
90
EY10C595
墍
C
80
20
70
60
60°
North
40°
20°
0°
20°
40°
Equator
low density 墍
G temperature
H thousands of rings
J distance from the sun
60°
F
South
Latitude
Hypothesis: The average relative
humidity decreases north and
south of the equator.
According to the data shown in the
graph, the hypothesis is only correct for
latitudes —
21
up to 40⬚ from the equator 墍
G from the poles to 40⬚ from the equator
H between 20⬚ and 60⬚ from the equator
J farthest from the equator
F
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
Saturn’s volume is 762 times the
volume of Earth, and yet its mass is
only about 95 times that of Earth’s
mass. This is due to Saturn’s —
When placed in water, ice rises to the
top of the liquid. Unlike most solids
that sink when placed in their liquid
forms, ice floats because —
it is colder than water
B it is less dense than water 墍
C the pressure of the water holds it up
D gases inside the ice make it buoyant
A
8
EY14A506
墍
C
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墍
C
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22
24
EY08B505
墌
EY10B113
C
墍
C
ArtCodes
EY08B505.AR1
X
ArtCodes
EY10B113.AR1
Y
Which of these tracks was made last?
The formations at X and Y in the
picture above were created by —
tension
G shearing
H compression 墍
J rifting
F
ArtCodes
23
F
H
G
J
EY10B113.AR2
EY10B113.AR3
EY10B113.AR4
EY10B113.AR5
墍
EY07E501
墌
C
25
ArtCodes
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Orbital velocity is the average speed of
a planet moving through space in its
orbit around the sun. Which of the
following planets has the fastest
orbital velocity?
EY14A503
Mercury 墍
B Jupiter
C Mars
D Pluto
A
The picture above shows that one of
the main pollution problems associated
with sinkholes is that —
they can destroy roadways
B tractors can fall into them
C homes can be damaged by them
D they can connect directly to the water
table 墍
A
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
9
墍
C
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26
Model of a Turbidity Current
28
Mineral
Muddy
water
EY02B202
墌
MOHS’ SCALE OF HARDNESS
Hardness
EY05A118
C
Talc
1
Gypsum
2
Calcite
3
Fluorite
4
Apatite
5
Feldspar
6
Quartz
7
Topaz
8
Corundum
9
ArtCodes
EY02B202.AR1
Tank of seawater
What does the diagram illustrate about
turbidity currents?
Diamond
They move along the bottom. 墍
G They stop moving as soon as they reach
the ocean floor.
H They are temperature-dependent.
J They only occur in salt water.
F
27
EY09B305
墌
C
10
Scratched by a
fingernail
Scratched by a
copper coin
Scratched by a
knife blade
Scratches a knife
blade
Scratches all
common materials
Which conclusion can be made based
on the information in the chart?
Quartz is harder than topaz.
G Calcite is harder than apatite.
H Fluorite is harder than feldspar.
J Gypsum is harder than talc. 墍
F
In karst regions, caves are carved by
the flow of water through limestone
bedrock. How do the stalagmites and
stalactites in the caves develop?
They are carbonate deposits formed by
dripping water in air-filled cavities. 墍
B They are granite intrusions that remain
behind after water dissolves the
surrounding limestone.
C They are crystals that grow as water
hollows out the cavern.
D They are carvings made in limestone by
the swirling water as it hollows out the
cavern.
A
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
Common Tests
10
墍
C
L
ArtCodes
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29
31
The edges of moving crustal plates are
often defined by —
ocean basins
B frequent seismic activity 墍
C intercontinental plains
D Earth’s largest rivers
A
EY06A103
墌
C
L
Limestone
ArtCodes
EY06A103.AR1
Shale
Granite
EY08B406
墍
C
L
Shale
32
EY14A121
Marble
Marble
Chromosphere
墍
C
ArtCodes
EY14A121.AR1
Photosphere
Which of the following rocks
represents an igneous intrusion?
Granite 墍
B Limestone
C Marble
D Shale
A
30
EY09D104
墌
C
L
Core
Corona
Ocean → Evaporation → Condensation
Which layer of the sun is the most
dense?
Which of these would come next in the
water cycle?
Chromosphere
G Photosphere
H Core 墍
J Corona
F
Aeration
G Sedimentation
H Deposition
J Precipitation 墍
F
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
11
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33
The topographic map that may show a
hill with a volcanic crater is —
34
Seattle
EY03A515
EY01C507
墌
墍
C
C
Salt Lake
City
ArtCodes
ArtCodes
EY01C507.AR1
A
San
Diego
10
0
EY03A515.AR1
EY03A515.AR2
EY03A515.AR3
EY03A515.AR4
Scale of Kilometers
Difference in arrival times of
P and S waves (min)
0
B
500
1000
1500
2000
9
8
7
6
0
10
5
4
3
2
1
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
Distance to epicenter (km)
An earthquake struck San Diego,
California. The above map and table
show that the approximate difference
in arrival times between the P-wave
and S-wave at Seattle is —
墍
10
0
C
2
G 3
H 4
J 5
F
10
0
D
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
12
minutes
minutes 墍
minutes
minutes
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35
EY12E504
墌
C
The ozone layer protects life on Earth
from —
37
ultraviolet rays 墍
B gamma rays
C infrared rays
D x-rays
All of the following features of the
ocean indicate tectonic activity
except —
A
36
EY11D305
abyssal plains 墍
B mid-ocean ridges
C seamounts
D trenches
A
Lebanon
38
墍
C
Which of these causes days and nights?
Syria
Crete
EY03C401
墌
C
L
Cyprus
Israel
Iran
Kuwait
Bahrain
Qatar
Iraq
Jordan
Egypt
Saudi
Arabia
ArtCodes
Re
Sudan
Om
ea
UAE
an
dS
EY03C401.AR1
The orbit of the Earth around the sun
G The revolution of the moon around the
Earth
H The rotation of the moon on its axis
J The rotation of the Earth on its axis 墍
F
n
e
Yem
EY14A109
墍
C
N
W
E
ma
Ethiopia
39
So
0 300 km
li a
S
Arabian
Sea
EY09A503
墍
About how long is the Red Sea?
1
40 km
G 300 km
H 1200 km
J 2100 km 墍
F
ArtCodes
EY09A503.AR1
2
3
4
Which layer of the above soil profile
would be affected the most by
weathering and erosion?
1墍
B 2
C 3
D 4
A
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
C
13
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40
EY08B530
42
Fault line
Epicenter
In which of the graphs would the
precipitation at ground level most
likely be rain?
EY13B503
墌
墍
C
C
Temperature Profile
(°C)
ArtCodes
-10˚
EY03B530.AR1
Shock waves
Focus
F
The point from which an earthquake
originates is called the —
-0˚
墍
ArtCodes
+15˚
-20˚
focus 墍
G epicenter
H fault line
J shock wave
0˚
+20˚
F
Temperature Profile
(°C)
-20˚
G
41
0˚
Which of these facts is the best
supporting evidence that the universe
is expanding?
-20˚
EY14B403
墌
C
L
0˚
+20˚
Temperature Profile
(°C)
The stars vary in chemical composition.
B The galaxies are moving away from
each other. 墍
C The galaxies can spin to form eddies.
D The universe is filled with galaxies of
different sizes.
A
-10˚
H
0˚
0˚
-10˚
-20˚
0˚
+20˚
Temperature Profile
(°C)
-10˚
J
0˚
0˚
-5˚
-20˚
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
14
0˚
+20˚
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EY13B503.AR2
EY13B503.AR3
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43
EY10A406
墌
C
L
Jellyfish have rarely been fossilized
because they —
44
contain no carbon compounds
B are very rare animals
C are generally found in oceans
D have soft bodies 墍
Which of the landforms is most likely
to result when two continents collide?
A
EY08C506
墍
C
F
墍
ArtCodes
EY08C506.AR1
EY08C506.AR2
EY08C506.AR3
EY08C506.AR4
G
H
J
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
15
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45
Why is the surface temperature of the
oceans more variable than the water
near the ocean floor?
48
Virginia has large deposits of sand and
gravel. These are usually found in
areas where —
EY11C403
墌
C
EY07C507
water once flowed 墍
G lava once covered the ground
H swamps once were present
J the water table was once very low
Most energy is exchanged at the
surface. 墍
B Most animals live near the surface.
C The water is less dense at the surface.
D The salt concentration is more variable
at the surface.
A
F
49
46
Shenandoah
Valley
Blue Ridge
墍
C
Which of these energy sources
originates from a nonrenewable
resource?
EY07B402
Solar
B Geothermal
C Fossil fuel 墍
D Hydroelectric
A
Fault
EY08B595
墌
C
墍
C
L
ArtCodes
EY08B595.AR1
More of the upper block’s formation is
missing mainly due to —
50
It is the name of an extinct volcano.
G It is the French word for volcano.
H It is the name of an ancient
supercontinent. 墍
J It is a huge disruption of the Earth’s
atmospheric circulation.
F
lower layers subjected to less pressure
G erosion of the upper layers’ surfaces 墍
H less deformation than in the lower block
J presence of more igneous rock in the
block
F
47
More often than metamorphic or
igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks
have —
EY06B101
墌
C
L
many holes from trapped gases
B large quartz crystals
C numerous fossils 墍
D a glassy appearance
A
2002 Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education
What does Pangaea mean?
16
EY04A519
墍
C
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Answer Key
Test
Sequence
Correct
Answer
Reporting
Category
Reporting Category Description
1
C
002
Geology
2
G
002
Geology
3
B
001
Scientific Investigation
4
H
004
Astronomy and Space Science
5
D
002
Geology
6
G
004
Astronomy and Space Science
7
C
002
Geology
8
H
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
9
A
002
Geology
10
F
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
11
C
001
Scientific Investigation
12
H
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
13
A
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
14
H
002
Geology
15
C
001
Scientific Investigation
16
J
004
Astronomy and Space Science
17
C
002
Geology
18
F
001
Scientific Investigation
19
C
002
Geology
20
F
004
Astronomy and Space Science
21
B
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
22
H
002
Geology
23
D
002
Geology
24
J
002
Geology
25
A
004
Astronomy and Space Science
26
F
001
Scientific Investigation
27
A
002
Geology
28
J
002
Geology
29
A
002
Geology
30
J
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
31
B
002
Geology
32
H
004
Astronomy and Space Science
33
C
001
Scientific Investigation
34
G
001
Scientific Investigation
35
A
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
36
J
001
Scientific Investigation
37
A
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
38
J
004
Astronomy and Space Science
39
A
002
Geology
40
F
002
Geology
41
B
004
Astronomy and Space Science
42
F
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
43
D
002
Geology
44
F
002
Geology
45
A
003
Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater
46
G
002
Geology
47
C
002
Geology
48
F
002
Geology
49
C
002
Geology
50
H
002
Geology
