LAND USE:
HOW IS LAND USED IN CITIES?
BUILDING A SETTLEMENT: PROJECT 07 - LESSON 04
City planners put a lot of thought and energy into making a city work for
everybody. But not everyone has the same requirements. Read below to
see some of the basic land use zones as well as some of the land use
models that try to incorporate all of these zones.
BASIC LAND USE ZONES
1. Industrial
2. Commercial
3. Residential
LAND USE MODELS
•Grid Plan
•Concentric Model
•Sector Model
LAND USE ZONES
INDUSTRIAL
Industrial zones are for
companies that are involved
in manufacturing. These
zones are often on the
outside of town and have
access to transportation
such as railways, seaports,
or airports.
!
© Chris Fore, CC BY-SA 2.0
COMMERCIAL
Commercial zones are a
place for office buildings,
shopping centers, theaters,
restaurants and other
businesses. In some
modern cities these are
found “downtown” or are
centrally located.
© Stand Lewis, CC BY-SA 2.0
RESIDENTIAL
Residential zones are for
houses, condos, and
apartments. This is where
people live.
© Wce, CC BY-SA 3.0
www.ZombieBased.com © 2012 Zombie-Based Learning
LAND USE MODELS
GRID PLAN
A grid plan uses right angles
and sets the streets out as a
grid.
Cities have used a grid of
straight streets for as long
as cities have existed.
Grid plans can be helpful for
navigating and planning, but
they can be costly and don’t
take into consideration the
natural topography of a
location.
© Stefan Kühn, CC BY-SA 3.0
CONCENTRIC MODEL
The concentric zone model
was created by Ernest
Burgess in 1924. It is
sometimes referred to as
the “Burgess” model.
This model has a Central
Business District in the
middle, surrounded by
industrial factories. There is
a transition space between
the residences of workers
and then more expensive
and nice residential areas.
The outer area is for people
who commute or drive to
work.
SECTOR MODEL
The sector theory or Hoyt
Model was created by
Homer Hoyt in 1939.
This model also has a
Central Business District
(CBD), but includes
transportation routes into
the city. Hoyt observed that
lower cost housing was
often along these
transportation routes. High
class residences often lined
geographical features such
as a waterfront or river.
!
www.ZombieBased.com © 2012 Zombie-Based Learning